VOCAB—advanced 2 Flashcards by Nina Wieczorek

footwear

履物

[はきもの]

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shrinkage

縮み

[ちぢみ]

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cold wintry wind

木枯らし

[こがらし]

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posting, contributing

to post something (esp. on the internet) / to send in (an article, etc.)

投稿
[とうこう]

投稿する

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sales, demand for….

売れ行き

[うれゆき]

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disastrous, woeful, sorrowful

悲惨

[ひさん]

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many countries, various countries, various regions

諸国

[しょこく]

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rounding to the closest number

to round (either up or down) to the closest number

四捨五入
[ししゃごにゅう]

四捨五入する

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application of heat

to add heat / to heat something up (usually scientific usage)

加熱
[かねつ]

加熱する

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along a railway line

—located along a railway line

沿線
[えんせん]

沿線の—

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national expenditure, government expense

国費

[こくひ]

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seduction, temptation

to seduce (esp. sexually) / to tempt / to lure

seductive, tempting, alluring

誘惑
[ゆうわく]

誘惑する

誘惑的

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money (loan word)

マネー

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telephone pole, utility pole

電柱

[でんちゅう]

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upset, unpleasant, disagreeable

不愉快

[ふゆかい]

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Western-style room

洋室
[ようしつ]

洋間
[ようま]

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written examination

筆記試験

[ひっきしけん]

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year-end gift

お歳暮

[おせいぼ]

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travel agent, travel agency

旅行会社

[りょこうがいしゃ]

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dream, vision, reverie

to have dreams or visions

a dreamer

夢想
[むそう]

夢想する

夢想家

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occasion, situation / place, spot (kanji use)

場

[ば]

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Japanese pickled vegetables

漬物
[つけもの]

漬け物
[つけもの]

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(something) worth doing

やり甲斐

> [やりがい]

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(in) balance, (in) proportion, equilibrium

釣り合い

[つりあい]

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the following morning, the next morning (literary)

翌朝

[よくあさ]

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and…. as well as…. not to mention….

及び

[および]

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na-adjectives (specific to Japanese grammar)

形容動詞

[けいようどうし]

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surveying, measurement

to take a measurement of / to survey (esp. land, etc.)

測量
[そくりょう]

測量する

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aluminum

aluminum foil

aluminum can

(loan word)

アルミニウム

(アルミ) ホイル

アルミ缶
[アルミかん]

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feeling (very) obliged

to feel obliged / to feel pity or shame / to feel very thankful (literally: to shrink from fear)

恐縮
[きょうしゅく]

恐縮する

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from this point…. beyond this point…. from now on….

この先

[このさき]

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the origins and history of something

to originate from / to be derived from (often referring to something historic)

由来
[ゆらい]

由来する

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rice paddle, rice scoop

杓文字

> [しゃもじ]

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(the) original, logical, true (kanji use)

正

[せい]

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everywhere throughout…. all over the place….

至る所

[いたるところ]

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a (sincere) apology

to sincerely apologize

お詫び
[おわび]

お詫びする

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exceptional, special, particular

exceptionally… particularly…

格別

[かくべち]

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despite a certain time or situation…. (often in consideration or when asking forgiveness for rudeness, etc.)

….ところ[を]

….のところ[を]

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school (loan word)

スクール

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please don’t go out of your way…. please don’t fuss over me…. (polite)

お構いなく

[おかまいなく]

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a sudden illness

急病

[きゅうびょう]

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ashore, on land (e.g. animal living on land) / track-and-field (abbreviation)

track-and-field competitions, athletics

陸上
[りくじょう]

陸上競技
[りくじょうきょうぎ]

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(legal) guardians / parents and older brothers

父兄

[ふけい]

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Westerners, Western people

西洋人

[せいようじん]

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rag, scrap, tattered clothes / shabby, junky, run-down

fault (esp. in a pretense), defect

ぼろ

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alleviation

to alleviate (tensions, symptoms, etc.) / to lessen in amount / to relax or soften

緩和
[かんわ]

緩和する

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hospital room, sickroom

病室

[びょうしつ]

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mending, renovation

to mend / to repair / to renovate (especially a structure)

修繕
[しゅうぜん]

修繕する

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glaring, dazzling, glittering

to glare (e.g. one’s eyes) / to be blinding, dazzling, etc.

(onomatopoeic)

ぎらぎら

ぎらぎらする

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roadway

車道

[しゃどう]

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(wondering) about whether or not to do something

—(う) か —(る / stem) まいか

—(う) か —(る / stem) まいが

—(う) か —(る / stem) まいと

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whatever, any kind of / nothing whatever (with neg. verb)

in some sort of way…. in some form…. of some kind….

何ら
[なんら]

何らか

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Japanese-style (esp. for formal things)

和式

[わしき]

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how many times, how often (alt. use)

何遍

[なんべん]

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(of) Japan (kanji use)

日

[にち]

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un— non—- an— in— (neg. prefix)

fault, error / going poorly, being disadvantageous (kanji use)

非—
[ひ—]

非
[ひ]

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androgynous (person) / neutered (pet) / neutrality (including chemical, electric, etc.)

中性

[ちゅうせい]

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as long as a range of conditions continue….

….限り

….限りは

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nameplate, doorplate (usu. with someone’s last name)

表札

[ひょうさつ]

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as far as can be deduced from a particular range (of what is known, seen, has been learned)….

….限りでは

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a copy, a reproduction

to make a copy / to reproduce (a document, diagram, image, etc.)

複写
[ふくしゃ]

複写する

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concrete (loan word)

コンクリート

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all at once…. in one sweep….

一遍に

> [いっぺんに]

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(the right) opportunity, good timing or chance

時機

[じき]

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counter for houses or small buildings (as a suffix)

—軒

[—けん]

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sketching

to sketch / to draw from nature or life

a picture drawn from life

写生
[しゃせい]

写生する

写生画
[しゃせいが]

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verbose, wordy, long-winded

諄い

> [くどい]

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leaving early

to leave earlier than usual (from work, a meeting, etc.)

早退
[そうたい]

早退する

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inanimate object

無生物

[むせいぶつ]

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food preparation

to prepare food / to cook (alt. use)

調理
[ちょうり]

調理する

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horizontal writing

横書き

[よこがき]

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a place, a spot / a point, a part / a passage (of text)

counter for places, spots, points, etc.

箇所 or 個所
[かしょ]

ヶ所 or カ所
[かしょ]

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home helper, a helper in the house (loan word)

ホームヘルパー

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apron (loan word)

エプロン

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enactment, establishment of

to enact (a law, etc.) / to establish (a regulation, etc.)

制定
[せいてい]

制定する

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a film screening

to screen a movie

上映
[じょうえい]

上映する

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light, electric light, lit flame, lit lamp, torch (kanji use)

counter for electric lights

灯
[ひ]

—灯
[—とう]

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unlikely, improbable, (nearly) impossible

有り得ない

> [ありえない]

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grandmother, old lady (colloquial)

ばあさん

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people in authority, government / the upper reaches of a river

上

[かみ]

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smooth, slippery, slick / sound of slurping noodles (onomatopoeic)

つるつる

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guzzling, gulping down, sloshing around (onomatopoeic)

がぶがぶ

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afterword, epilogue (in a novel, etc.)

後書き

[あとがき]

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vernal (spring) equinox

autumnal equinox

春分
[しゅんぶん]

秋分
[しゅうぶん]

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in the town, around town

町中

[まちなか]

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although something is given / obvious…. another thing is also true

(formal)

….はもとより …. も

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rugby (loan word)

ラグビー

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head (of a group), head person, chief

頭

[かしら]

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flood damage

水害

[すいがい]

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division, boundary / city block

to mark off / to separate with a boundary line / to divide into sections (esp. land or a certain area)

区画
[くかく]

区画する

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combat

to engage in combat (e.g. aircrafts)

戦闘
[せんとう]

戦闘する

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grasping

to grasp (a situation, etc.) / to understand / to comprehend / to gain control of

把握
[はあく]

把握する

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splashing, with a splash, washing (onomatopoeic)

じゃぶじゃぶ

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ready-made, ready-to-use or wear, right off the shelf

既製

[きせい]

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year-end— (e.g. year-end sale)

歳末

[さいまつ]

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prefectural— (Osaka or Kyoto)

府立

[ふりつ]

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a cultivated rice field, rice paddy (kanji use)

田

[た]

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ascertainment, establishment, identifying, proving

to ascertain (information) / to establish (a truth) / to identify (a disease, etc.) / to prove (the existence of something)

判明
[はんめい]

判明する

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subject (esp. of an email), heading, title

件名

[けんめい]

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down, malfunction in a machine, etc.

to go down / to be down (e.g. the servers)

(loan word)

ダウン

ダウンする

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surface, side, face (kanji use)

面

[めん]

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workforce, manpower

人手

[ひとで]

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being alone, being lonely

loner (slang)

独りぼっち
[ひとりぼっち]

ぼっち

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last day of the Bon Lantern Festival

mid-year gift, summer gift, Bon festival gift

中元
[ちゅうげん]

お中元
[おちゅうげん]

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running (on a wheeled vehicle)

to move on a vehicle / to log (hours, miles, etc.) / to drive / to travel

car milage (distance driven)

走行
[そうこう]

走行する

走行距離
[そうこうきょり]

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sympathy, empathy

to have sympathy for / to empathize with / to feel compassion for

共感
[きょうかん]

共感する

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on the sea, at sea / maritime—

marine—

海上

[かいじょう]

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the four seasons

春夏秋冬

[しゅんかしゅうとう]

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chrysanthemum

菊

[きく]

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water power, hydraulic power

水力

[すいりょく]

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PIN (personal identification number)

暗証番号

[あんしょうばんごう]

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pliers, pinchers

ペンチ

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cunning, crafty, sly

悪賢い

[わるがしこい]

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a visit to a grave

to visit a grave (to pay respects)

墓参り
[はかまいり]

墓参りする

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mild taste, bland

薄味

[うすあじ]

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summer greeting (card)

暑中見舞い

[しょちゅうみまい]

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wire, wiring

針金

[はりがね]

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Japan and (South) Korea

日韓

[にっかん]

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(to do or be) as much as possible up to a certain limit or range

….だけ ….

—(pot) だけ ….

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by taking turns…. going in (the correct) order….

順々に

[じゅんじゅんに]

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sales representative, salesman (loan word)

セールスマン

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square (measurement), square area (of land, etc.)

平方

[へいほう]

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unevenness

to be uneven or bumpy

凸凹
[でこぼこ]

凸凹する

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private expense, (at) one’s own expense

私費

[しひ]

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handstand, headstand

to do a handstand or headstand

逆立ち
[さかだち]

逆立ちする

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irregular movement / indecisiveness

to be shaky / to be loose / to be unsteady / to be unable to decide

(onomatopoeic)

ぐらぐら

ぐらぐらする

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globe, sphere, orb (kanji use)

球

[きゅう]

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earnestly…. keenly…. deeply…. calmly…. (e.g. listening to classical music)

泌み泌み

> [しみじみ]

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yearned for, longed for, missed

恋しい

[こいしい]

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illustrative example, usage example

用例

[ようれい]

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local police station

派出所

[はしゅつじょ]

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(Osaka or Kyoto) prefectural office

府庁

[ふちょう]

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valiant, gallant, courageous

勇ましい

[いさましい]

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coming in contact with

to come in contact with / to make contact with / to touch

接触
[せっしょく]

接触する

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ladle (for soup, etc.)

お玉
> [おたま]

お玉杓子
[おたまじゃくし]

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receipt (usu. of money)

to receive money (in a payment fee, etc.)

領収
[りょうしゅう]

領収する

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time schedule, timetable

時間割り
[じかんわり]

時間割

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by turns…. alternately…. (showing substitution)

代わる代わる

[かわるがわる]

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native Japanese word

words of Chinese origin

和語
[わご]

漢語
[かんご]

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going north

to go north / to head north

北上
[ほくじょう]

北上する

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reinstatement, making a return

to be reinstated (to a position, etc.) / to make a return (in a game, etc.)

復帰
[ふっき]

復帰する

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if this is the current condition, then…. based on the style/manner of things, one should….

(usually used to give a suggestion or advice)

—なら —なり….

*** with same v. or adj.

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tissues, tissue paper / toilet paper

ちり紙

[ちりがみ]

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living expenses

生活費

[せいかつひ]

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not even one….

[counter] として…. —ない

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pretext (offering an excuse for something)

口実

[こうじつ]

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Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office

都庁

[とちょう]

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rainfall, rainy weather

雨降り

[あめふり]

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toes (together), tiptoes

爪先

[つまさき]

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grandeur / grand, magnificent, on a large scale

盛大

[せいだい]

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sandy beach

砂浜

[すなはま]

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a listener, audience, interviewer

a speaker

聞き手
[ききて]

話し手
[はなして]

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a profit, earnings

儲け

[もうけ]

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ghost, goblin, apparition

変化

[へんげ]

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back gate

裏門

[うらもん]

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matchmaker

go-between, middleman

仲人
[なこうど]

仲人
[ちゅうにん]

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sporadically…. in spots…. here and there…. / dots, spots

点々

[てんてん]

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that is to say…. in other words…. namely…. (conjunction)

即ち….

> [すなわち….]

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unknowingly…. unconsciously….

知らず知らず

[しらずしらず]

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a Japanese style wrapping cloth (for foods, gifts, etc.)

風呂敷

[ふろしき]

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comfortable sound (alt. kanji use)

音

[ね]

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a general name for a person who lives on part-time work

フリーター

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metropolis (kanji use)

都

[と]

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power plant

発電所

[はつでんしょ]

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setting aside…. apart from…. (to separate lesser things from those of high priority)

….はさておき

turn, order, in order of (kanji use)

順

[じゅん]

one breath / one go (e.g. in a short time) / a (short) pause or rest

to catch one’s breath / to take a breather

一息
[ひといき]

一息つく

emphasize that the extent of something is not normal, and then something surprising or unusual followed

….といったら

chestnut

栗

> [くり]

the following month (literary use)

翌月

[よくげつ]

counter for nights of a stay

a two-night stay, a three-night stay…

—泊
[—はく]

二泊、三泊

the board game of “Go”

囲碁

[いご]

morning edition paper

evening edition paper

朝刊
[ちょうかん]

夕刊
[ゆうかん]

doubtful, questionable, uncertain

疑わしい

[うたがわしい]

decision, agreement (e.g. between companies)

取り決め

[とりきめ]

an account

bank account

account number

口座
[こうざ]

銀行口座
[ぎんこうこうざ]

口座番号
[こうざばんごう]

both faces, both sides / double-sided

両面

[りょうめん]

publication in, insertion into

to publish (in a magazine, etc.) / to run (an ad) / to appear (in print)

掲載
[けいさい]

掲載する

the important points, the main points

要項

[ようこう]

outset, opening

冒頭

[ぼうとう]

badge (loan word)

バッジ

unable to take one’s eyes off of something / keeping a watchful eye on

目が離せない

[めがはなせない]

start of the rainy season

to begin the rainy season

梅雨入り
[つゆいり]

梅雨入りする

the very last or the very first…. starting from or ending on….

….を限りに

….限りで

law, rule, principle, method (kanji use)

法

[ほう]

trunk, core (of the body)

体幹

[たいかん]

imperfect, incomplete (e.g. incomplete data)

不完全

[ふかんぜん]

admiration of decorative things

to admire or adore ornamental or decorative things (roses, etc.)

観賞
[かんしょう]

観賞する

incidentally…. in any case…. (when switching to a new topic in a conversation)

それはそうと….

temporary— provisional— (e.g. a provisional lisence) / unreal— fictitious—

a temporary state

(kanji use)

仮—
[かり—]

仮
[かり]

affiliation (e.g. an affiliated company) / a series, a sequence, an order of succession

chronological order

系列
[けいれつ]

時系列
[じけいれつ]

stomach and intestines, gastrointestinal tract

胃腸

[いちょう]

maze / labyrinth

迷路
[めいろ]

迷宮
[めいきゅう]

reading and writing

読み書き

[よみかき]

電報

[でんぽう]

ashtray

灰皿

[はいざら]

not able to maintain one’s health

体が持たない

[からだがもたない]

a monthly publication

月刊

[げっかん]

sexual / relating to gender

sexual desire

性的
[せいてき]

性的欲望
[せいてきよくぼう]

very small piece of dust, specks

ちり

morning glory (flower) / urinal (colloquially)

朝顔

[あさがお]

passenger plane

旅客機

[りょかくき]

wandering aimlessly

to wander around aimlessly / to hang around / to loiter

(onomatopoeic)

うろうろ

うろうろする

damp and humid, clammy / gloomy, depressing

to be damp and humid / to be depressing

(onomatopoeic)

じめじめ

じめじめする

the outskirts of town, the edge of town

町外れ

[まちはずれ]

death in battle

to die in a war / to die in battle

戦死
[せんし]

戦死する

rank, ranking / throne, crown, nobleman’s seat

位

[くらい]

marvelous, striking, remarkable

目覚ましい

> [めざましい]

the same surname (common in Japan)

同姓

[どうせい]

a monopoly

to monopolize (in business)

独占
[どくせん]

独占する

scheme, plan, tactic, policy (kanji use)

策

[さく]

forwarding, transferring

to forward (an email) / to transfer (a call, etc.)

転送
[てんそう]

転送する

gold (alt. use) / the metal gold (Au)

黄金

[おうごん]

firepower (of a gun, etc.) / heating power (of a stove, etc.)

火力

[かりょく]

(tree) trunk, (arrow) shaft, (tool) handle / plank, base, main support

幹

[みき]

on the occasion of…. when that time comes….

indicates a special time such as a visit

….折に
[….おりに]

….の折に[は]

smoothly and naturally, easily — e.g. speaking a language (onomatopoeic)

すらすら

a clothesline

a platform for drying clothes, a place for drying laundry

物干し
[ものほし]

物干し台
[ものほしだい]

change of occupation

to change one’s occupation / to find a job in another company

転職
[てんしょく]

転職する

homecoming

to return to one’s hometown

帰省
[きせい]

帰省する

intuition

to intuit / to have a hunch about

intuitive

直観
[ちょっかん]

直観する

直観的

very knowledgeable person, “a walking dictionary”

物知り

[ものしり]

Chinese-to-Japanese (e.g. dictionary of translation)

漢和

[かんわ]

inside-out / front and back, two-faced

裏表

[うらおもて]

a member, one member (of an organization, group, etc.)

一員

[いちいん]

sentence / composition, text, writings (kanji use)

文

[ぶん]

(full) moon viewing / a style of Japanese noodles with a raw egg in the middle of the bowl

月見

[つきみ]

metamorphosis

to undergo a metamorphosis (e.g. Gregor Samsa) / to transform / to shape-shift

変身
[へんしん]

変身する

back off! leave me alone!

ほっといて

carpet (loan word)

カーペット

rapid increase, surge

to increase sharply / to surge (e.g. profits, production)

急増
[きゅうぞう]

急増する

fastener, zipper (loan word)

ファスナー

there may be other reasons, but since…..

…..but anyways, because…. (an action is taken)

(colloquial)

….ことだし

Japanese-Soviet

日ソ

[にっソ]

life and death / samsara (the cycle of rebirth)

生死

[せいし]

giving notice, announcement

to give notice (esp. short notice) / to make a (new and important) announcement

通告
[つうこく]

通告する

having some knowledge of…. happening to know of….

心当たり

[こころあたり]

sub-zero, below zero

零下

[れいか]

bringing to fullness

to bring to fullness / to fulfill / to make complete or sustainable

充実
[じゅうじつ]

充実する

idiom, idiomatic usage / common expression

慣用句

[かんようく]

leisure (loan word)

レジャー

special sale

to have a special sale

特売
[とくばい]

特売する

net—

net price

net weight

正味
[しょうみ]

正味値段

正味重量

dramatic (e.g. for dramatic effect)

劇的

[げきてき]

money-making

to make money (through stocks, schemes, etc.)

金儲け
[かねもうけ]

金儲けする

annotation, explanatory note, comment

注
[ちゅう]

註
[ちゅう]

large amount(s) of water, flooding

大水

[おおみず]

unmarried, yet to be married

未婚

[みこん]

gulp, swallow

in one gulp….

ごくん

ごくんと

distribution

to distribute / to hand-out (esp. tickets, flyers, etc.)

配布
[はいふ]

配布する

a fixation, an obsession, a hangup / a particular specialization

拘り

> [こだわり]

shameful, unbecoming, indecent

見っともない

> [みっともない]

tip, gratuity / chips (loan word)

チップ

lobby, lounge (loan word)

ロビー

chopping board

まな板

[まないた]

exceedingly…. greatly….

extreme, intense, heavy (damage, etc.) / flagrant, blatant, gross, absurd

甚だ
[はなはだ]

甚だしい
[はなはだしい]

cork, stopper

corkscrew, bottle opener

栓
[せん]

栓抜き
[せんぬき]

famine, drought, crop failure

飢饉

[ききん]

continuing for a long time

to last a long time (e.g. a relationship) / to continue on for a while (into the future)

長続き
[ながつづき]

長続きする

playground / sports ground, playing field (at school, etc.)

運動場

[うんどうじょう]

generation of heat

to generate heat (in science, etc.) / to get a fever

発熱
[はつねつ]

発熱する

this…. and that….and so forth….

citing examples with a nuance of being fed up with something or thinking something is tedious

(colloquial use)

—だの —だの ….

incessantly…. with ongoing frequency…. / eagerly…. anxiously….

頻りに

> [しきりに]

guard, guardrail (loan word)

ガード

shivering, trembling

to shiver (with cold, fear, etc.) / to tremble / to shake

(onomatopoeic)

ぶるぶる

ぶるぶるする

orbit, trajectory (astronomy term) / railroad track (alt. use)

軌道

[きどう]

tomorrow morning (formal)

明朝

[みょうちょう]

battery, dry cell battery (AA, AAA, etc.)

乾電池

[かんでんち]

a fixed distance / journey, course, leg (of a race, etc.)

行程

[こうてい]

ruler, measure (alt. form)

物差し

[ものさし]

wrapping paper

包み紙

[つつみがみ]

I appreciate your efforts

Thank you very much for your hard work

(usu. used by seniors towards subordinates)

ご苦労様
[ごくろうさま]

ご苦労様でした

as it is…. as they are…. (e.g. see the facts as they are)

有りの儘

> [ありのまま]

lightly…. nimbly….

ひらりと

without permission, without notice (e.g. don’t do this without permission)

done without permission….

an unexcused absence

無断
[むだん]

無断で

無断欠席
[むだんけっせき]

December (archaic / poetic usage)

師走

[しわす]

despite…., in the end, (one) had to move on without something happening

….ずじまい

….ずじまい[だ]

phone extension (number) / inner wiring, inner line

内線

[ないせん]

off / off– (e.g. off-season) / —off (e.g. percent off)

to switch off / to turn off / to be off

(loan word)

オフ

オフする

plain, field, prairie, tundra, wilderness (kanji use)

原

[はら]

speed (in terms of capability)

full speed, full steam

速力
[そくりょく]

全速力
[ぜんそくりょく]

(financial) crash, plunge

to plunge / to crash / to slump (e.g. stock prices)

暴落
[ぼうらく]

暴落する

the written word, written language

書き言葉

[かきことば]

I wonder how much….! how….! so….!

adding emphasis to the questioning of something, often rhetorically

(written expression)

….ことだろう

….ことか

short temper(ed)

短気

[たんき]

end of the rainy season

to finish the rainy season

梅雨明け
[つゆあけ]

梅雨明けする

sitting cross-legged

胡座

> [あぐら]

union, alliance / RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)

to form a union (e.g. a trade union)

連合
[れんごう]

連合する

mobilization

to mobilize

動員
[どういん]

動員する

beach, seashore (kanji use)

浜

[はま]

suffocation, choking

to suffocate / to choke

窒息
[ちっそく]

窒息する

mic, microphone (loan word)

マイク

incremental growth

to grow (in increments) / to develop (plants, etc.)

生長
[せいちょう]

生長する

rough and rude, curt, careless (manner)

ぞんざい

flying into rage / suddenly becoming bright

to fly into a rage / to lose one’s cool / to flare up / to burn up (brightly)

かっと

かっとする

Christian Era, A.D.

西暦

[せいれき]

native (Japanese) reading of kanji (kanji use)

訓

[くん]

constraints

to put constraints on / to put restrictions on / to limit (someone’s freedom, etc.)

制約
[せいやく]

制約する

improvement and reform

to make improvements (in machinery, land, products, etc.)

改良
[かいりょう]

改良する

temperate zone

温帯

[おんたい]

Western-style, foreign-style (esp. for formal things)

洋式

[ようしき]

after something is done, the results are….

after something is done…. certain circumstances (are understood)

—(た) ところ….

one’s weak point

不得意

[ふとくい]

a cut of cloth, a scrap, a strip

きれ

Mr., Mrs., pronoun for the third person (honorific)

氏

[し]

moonlit night

月夜

[つきよ]

this year (formal)

the current year…. (in business, etc.)

本年
[ほんねん]

本年度

owner (loan word)

オーナー

joke, pun, witticism

fashionable (as an abbreviation)

洒落
[しゃれ]

シャレ

goods, items, things (to buy), stock (kanji use)

品

[しな]

nameless, anonymous, unsigned (sports player, etc.), not famous (artist, etc.)

無名

[むめい]

the facts of the matter are…. it is the case that…. (used when presenting information)

….という次第だ

[….というしだいだ]

communism

Communist Party

(the principle of) communism, collectivism

共産
[きょうさん]

共産主義
[きょうさんしゅぎ]

共産党
[きょうさんとう]

flowering plant / plants and flowers

草花

[くさばな]

number (loan word)

ナンバー

lead (for a mechanical pencil), staples (for a stapler)

(to the) core, heart, center

芯

[しん]

a correct answer

to give the correct answer / to make the right choice

正解
[せいかい]

正解する

precise, exact, minute (in its detail)

精密

[せいみつ]

kabuki (Japanese classical drama played by male actors)

歌舞伎

[かぶき]

looking up, retrieval of info

to search (esp. on the internet) / to retrieve (info)

検索
[けんさく]

検索する

student discount

学割

[がくわり]

touch, touching

to touch

(loan word)

タッチ

タッチする

summing up / a shortened version

to summarize / to sum up (another’s words, etc.) / to create a shortened version

要約
[ようやく]

要約する

crude, rough / shabby, humble

crudely…. roughly….

to handle (a thing) roughly or crudely

粗末
[そまつ]

粗末に

粗末に扱う
[そまつにあつかう]

soon (alt. usage)

もうじき

style and form (in paintings, etc.)

stylistic

the beauty of style and form

様式
[ようしき]

様式的

様式美
[ようしきび]

lock / rock (music)

to lock something up

(loan word)

ロック

ロックする

posture, stance (in sports, etc.)

体勢

[たいせい]

fraction (in mathematics)

分数

[ぶんすう]

unequal, representing inequality

不平等

[ふびょうどう]

high pressure (system)

low pressure (system) / foul mood (idiomatic)

高気圧
[こうきあつ]

低気圧
[ていきあつ]

harshness, cruelty / harsh

残酷

[ざんこく]

example problem or exercise (for the reader)

例題

[れいだい]

textile / (woven) fabric

織物

[おりもの]

plan, idea, thought (kanji use)

案

[あん]

encyclopedia

百科事典

[ひゃっかじてん]

forgery

to forge (documents, etc.) / to fabricate / to counterfeit

偽造
[ぎぞう]

偽造する

a plan (of action), a policy (moving forward), measures (that must be taken)

方策

[ほうさく]

factory worker

工員

[こういん]

an attachment, appendix

to add an attachment (to an email)

添付
[てんぷ]

添付する

gold used for currency / money (alt. use)

Kaneko (common female surname)

金子
[きんす]

金子
[かねこ]

womb, uterus

子宮

[しきゅう]

argument, discourse, theory, doctrine (kanji use)

論

[ろん]

rice cooker

炊飯器

[すいはんき]

public bath, communal bathhouse

銭湯

[せんとう]

tracking down

to chase (e.g. a police chase) / to track down / to pursue

追跡
[ついせき]

追跡する

heavy snow

大雪

[おおゆき]

once around

to go (once) around / to make a lap, revolution, etc.

一周
[いっしゅう]

一周する

barley

大麦

[おおむぎ]

(traditional) cap, crown

the top kanji radical

冠
[かん]

冠
[かんむり]

disposable (splittable wood) chopsticks

割り箸

[わりばし]

picnic (loan word)

ピクニック

turning round and round, going in circles

spinning, whirling, coiling

(onomatopoeic)

ぐるぐる

ぐるぐるする

くるくる

くるくるする

bringing, carrying, taking

to bring something, to carry with, to take along (e.g. a camera on a walk)

持参
[じさん]

持参する

an opening, a gap

開き
[ひらき]

開き
[あき]

new—

new car

新—
[しん—]

新車
[しんしゃ]

crying face

泣き顔

[なきがお]

weekend (loan word)

ウィークエンド

rustling sound / dry or rough feeling (onomatopoeic)

がさがさ

dictionary (esp. for kanji characters)

字引

[じびき]

guts, grit, courage

度胸

[どきょう]

the early dawn

未明

[みめい]

….functioning as…. (the main part, etc.)

to use…. as….

to have…. be seen as….

—を —とする….

—を —として….

—を —に….

the highest level, the best one

最上

[さいじょう]

on the brink of— on the verge of— at the side of— at the—

at the window

time, moment of, verge (when not a suffix)

—際
[—ぎわ]

窓際
[まどぎわ]

際
[きわ]

handle, grip, lever

柄

[え]

sleep-wear (clothes for sleeping)

寝巻き

[ねまき]

underground passage, underpass

地下道

[ちかどう]

scale (for weighing or measuring)

秤

> [はかり]

major company, big corporation

大手

[おおて]

rumble, grumble, thunder / something heavy rolling (onomatopoeic)

ごろごろ

(instinctive) desire

to have (an instinctive) desire or urge

欲求
[よっきゅう]

欲求する

simplicity / simple and plain

簡素

[かんそ]

origin (coordinates), the starting point (in mathematics, etc.)

原点

[げんてん]

outside of the city

市外

[しがい]

capitalism

資本主義

[しほんしゅぎ]

unoccupied land, vacant lot

空き地

[あきち]

beggar, begging

to beg for (food, money, etc.)

乞食
[こじき]

乞食する

New Year’s gift money (usu. given to children)

お年玉

[おとしだま]

putting on hold, deferment / hold button (on a phone)

to put something on hold / to defer / to be pending

to put a person on hold (while using the phone)

保留
[ほりゅう]

保留する

電話を保留する

sparklingly…. glitteringly…. with a momentary flash of light….

きらりと

the human body (scientific usage)

人体

[じんたい]

packing

to pack up / to do the packing

to pack up for moving (to a new house, etc.)

荷造り
[にづくり]

荷造りする

引っ越しの荷造りする

full stomach, belly-full

腹いっぱい

[はらいっぱい]

absolutely…. totally….

not at all, not a bit…. not in the least….

(formal)

一向に
[いっこうに]

一向に …. ない

the circumstances in which something is possible do not exist

….どころではない

—(る) どころではない

swallow (bird)

燕

> [つばめ]

long talk

to have a long conversation / to have a long talk

長話
[ながばなし]

長話する

turbulence / being shaken (emotionally)

to be turbulent / to be shaken or jolted (by bad news, etc.)

動揺
[どうよう]

動揺する

(in the) meantime / a certain interval (as a suffix)

間

[かん]

a decision after thorough deliberation

to pass a resolution (in congress, etc.) / to come to a decision after deliberation or discussions

決議
[けつぎ]

決議する

spatula

フライ返し

[フライがえし]

insomnia

不眠症

[ふみんしょう]

a payment, a bill (to pay)

払い

[はらい]

pajamas (loan word)

パジャマ

local express, semi-express (train, bus, etc.)

準急

[じゅんきゅう]

manufacturing (alt. use)

to manufacture (products, machinery, drawings etc.)

作製
[さくせい]

作製する

abstinence from alcohol

to quit drinking / to abstain from drinking alcohol

禁酒
[きんしゅ]

禁酒する

writing utensils

筆記用具

[ひっきようぐ]

awkward, stiff (in conversation, etc.)

ぎこちない

slut

やりまん

foolish

foolish, stupid

a fool

愚か
[おろか]

愚かしい
[おろかしい]

愚か者
[おろかもの]

several— a number of—

数—

[すう—]

re— repeated— again—

再—

[さい—]

smooth (loan word)

スムーズ

revelation, tell-all

to reveal / to disclose / to tell everything (e.g. once secret information)

暴露
[ばくろ]

暴露する

when it comes to…. concerning…. (used to express a perceived deficiency or criticism)

N + ときたら

strict / close, exacting

strictly speaking….

厳密
[げんみつ]

厳密に言うと….

厳密に言えば….

expressing the intention with which something is being done (in regards to future plans)

V (た) + つもりで

because of the circumstances resulting from the standpoint of….

because of the circumstances resulting from the position….

N + の手前
[N + のてまえ]

V + 手前

on the same level as…. on par with…. equal to….

N + 並み

[N + なみ]

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