VERBS—advanced 3 Flashcards
to stick to (one’s principles, etc.) / to carry out / to maintain / to persist
to go through / to penetrate / to pierce
貫く
[つらぬく]
tr.
to grow hazy / to be misty or foggy
霞む
> [かすむ]
intr.
to jump at the chance (to do something)
話に乗る
[はなしにのる]
intr.
to ask a high price / to overcharge
ぼる
tr.
to forge / to train (one’s muscles) / to drill / to discipline
鍛える
[きたえる] **
tr.
to season / to add seasoning / to add flavor (to food)
味をつける
[あじをつける]
tr.
to hurt one’s feelings / to rub someone the wrong way
気に障る
[きにさわる]
tr.
to put in a row (following each other) / to link (e.g. beads on a necklace) / to string together (compliments, etc.)
連ねる
[つらねる]
tr.
to send away for / to order (e.g. a special part)
取り寄せる
[とりよせる] **
tr.
to be considerate / to sympathize with (alt. use)
思いやる
[おもいやる]
tr.
to entrust (e.g. important documents with a lawyer)
託す
[たくす]
tr.
託する
[たくする]
tr.
to get old / to age (as an expression)
年を取る
[としをとる]
intr.
to buy a replacement / to buy something new in replacement for something old
買い換える
[かいかえる] **
tr.
to touch up / to fix up
to put hands in one’s pocket(s)
手を入れる
[てをいれる] **
tr.
to disappear into / to be lost in / to be lost among (e.g. a letter lost in the mail)
to do under the cover of (confusion, etc.) / to be diverted from, distracted by, or to absorbed in something
紛れる
[まぎれる] **
intr.
to pass by each other / to miss meeting each other
to disagree
すれ違う
[すれちがう]
intr.
to be full of oneself / to be conceited
自惚れる
> [うぬぼれる] **
intr.
to become available / to be freed up (one’s schedule, etc.)
手が空く
[てがあく]
intr.
to set hands on / to start work on
to embezzle / to have an affair
手を付ける
[てをつける] **
tr.
to fail / to fall through / to be unsuccessful / to get ruined
駄目になる
[だめになる]
intr.
to pile up / to increase in volume, amount, or number
嵩む
> [かさむ]
intr.
to come out of place / to slip out of place / to break out of a loop, cycle or pattern (e.g. of bad thoughts or behavior)
抜け出す
[ぬけだす]
intr.
to butter up / to try to get on the good side of someone (e.g. one’s boss)
胡麻をする
> [ごまをする]
ゴマをする
to paste (as in “copy and paste” / to affix (text, a graphic, etc.) / to stick
貼り付ける
[はりつける] **
tr.
to startup (a computer, etc.) / to launch (a new business, etc.) / to boot up (a machine, etc.)
立ち上げる
[たちあげる] **
tr.
to rise to the surface / to emerge from obscurity
浮かび上がる
[うかびあがる]
intr.
to cease / to run out completely / to come to an end (e.g. one’s money flow)
途絶える
[とだえる] **
intr.
to soak into / to penetrate / to permeate / to pierce
to (completely) soak into / to permeate
染みる
[しみる] **
intr.
染み込む
[しみこむ]
intr.
to run out of (something) / to go short on / to go out of (stock)
切らす
[きらす]
tr.
to carry something in one’s hand(s)
携える
[たずさえる] **
tr.
to have a talk / to talk together
語り合う
[かたりあう]
int.
to get stuck / to get jammed / to become clogged / to be blocked up (chest, throat, etc.)
閊える
> [つっかえる] **
intr.
to change into (alt. use) / to be reduced into (during a process of transformation)
化する
[かする]
to become moldy / to become musty
かびる **
intr.
to correct oneself (when speaking) / to restate in a different (better) way
言い直す
[いいなおす]
tr.
to fan (oneself)
to incite / to instigate
扇ぐ
[あおぐ]
tr.
to cut corners / to ease up (on an opponent)
手を抜く
[てをぬく]
tr.
to reverse (a decision) / to overturn something / to disrupt (an established theory)
to overthrow (a government, etc.)
覆す
[くつがえす]
tr.
to come nearer to / to approach (usu. in relation to time—e.g. “spring is approaching”)
差し掛かる
> [さしかかる]
intr.
to cause someone to tremble or shake (esp. from emotion)
震わせる
[ふるわせる] **
tr.
to venture / to brave / to risk / to dare to
to harm / to afflict / to affect
冒す
[おかす]
tr.
to warm (e.g. one’s hands over a fire) / to dry (something using heat)
to scorch / to toast / to broil / to grill
焙る
[あぶる]
tr.
炙る
[あぶる]
tr.
to warp or become warped / to curve or become curved / to be arched or bent
反る
[そる]
intr.
to throw into / to toss into
放り込む
[ほうりこむ]
tr.
to be prominent / to be conspicuous / to stand out amongst others (e.g. one’s talents compared to a larger group)
際立つ
[きわだつ]
intr.
to go away / to fade away (e.g. a bad feeling) / to become more distant
遠ざかる
[とおざかる]
intr.
to speak / to utter (idiomatic use)
口を利く
[くちをきく]
intr.
to take offense to / to be hurt by (one’s words, etc.)
気を悪くする
[きをわるくする]
intr.
to pile up / to amass (a fortune, etc.) / to build up (e.g. a stone hut, a business, a reputation, etc.)
築く
[きずく]
to curve something / to bend something / to warp something
反らす
[そらす]
tr.
to cut off / to cut out (e.g. text from a document) / to (totally) remove / to tear off / to amputate / to excise
切り取る
[きりとる]
tr.
to dwell in / to take shelter in
to be located in (esp. figuratively)
to be pregnant / to be in the mother’s womb (when referring to an unborn child)
宿る
[やどる]
intr.
to ponder something anxiously
案じる
[あんじる] **
tr.
to investigate (a case) / to conduct a (criminal) investigation
取り調べる
[とりしらべる] **
tr.
to surpass (esp. in amount, rate, figures, etc.) / to exceed / to be more than
上回る
[うわまわる]
tr.
to throw down / to throw out / to throw something on to something else
to abandon / give up (e.g. in the middle of a game) / to sacrifice (one’s life)
to stretch out one’s legs
投げ出す
[なげだす]
tr.
to drop in / to stop by (for a short visit)
立ち寄る
[たちよる]
intr.
to become emotionally attached to
懐く
[なつく]
tr.
to sustain a wound
傷を負う
[きずをおう]
tr.
to draw a conclusion
to make a decision / to hand down a verdict
下す
[くだす]
tr.
to proceed forward according to (e.g. ocean currents) / to go in the direction of
to come to reach a certain state / to face (facts, circumstances, etc.)
赴く
[おもむく]
intr.
to let go of / to release
to relinquish / to part with (a possession) / to send away (a child)
手放す
[てばなす]
tr.
to get worked up / to be wrought up / to be filled with intense emotion
高ぶる
[たかぶる]
intr.
to stiffen up / to become stiff
強張る
> [こわばる]
intr.
to be found out / to be exposed (in a lie, improper behavior, etc.) / to leak out (a secret)
ばれる **
intr.
to run counter to / to be contrary to / to infringe on / to go against
背く
[そむく]
intr.
to avoid facing (reality, etc.) / to turn one’s face away / to look away
背ける
[そむける] **
tr.
to sharpen / to hone / to whet / to grind
研ぐ
[とぐ]
tr.
to stagnate / to be delayed / to be backed up / to be overdue
滞る
[とどこおる]
intr.
to tailor / to tailor-make / to prepare (in a specific way)
仕立てる
[したてる] **
tr.
to be clear (of sight, sound, color, etc.) / to be bright, vivid, crisp
to be clear-headed / to be alert / to be on the ball
to master a skill / to excel at
冴える
[さえる] **
intr.
to peel off / to strip off / to tear off / to disrobe (someone)
to strip of (one’s clothes, rank, etc.)
剥ぐ
[はぐ]
tr.
to leave out / to skip (e.g. to skip lunch)
抜かす
[ぬかす]
tr.
to change the position of something
置き換える
[おきかえる] **
tr.
to show through (feelings, emotions, etc.)
to run, to spread (liquid, etc.) / to ooze, to well up (teats, etc.) / to blur / to blot
滲む
[にじむ]
intr.
to shrivel, to wither up, to become wrinkled (e.g. one’s fingers)
萎びる
[しなびる] **
intr.
to spew, to spout, to emit (fire, water, smoke, blood, etc.)
噴く
[ふく]
intr.
噴き出す
[ふきだす]
intr.
to thrust (one’s opponent) / to prop up / to support
to stick to (one’s opinion) / to insist on / to become stiff
突っ張る
[つっぱる]
tr.
to be adapted to / to be adapted from / to be based on / to conform with (e.g. conform with the role in ‘Don Giovani”)
即する
[そくする]
intr.
to step aside / to move back / to leave the presence of a superior / to concede
退く
[しりぞく]
intr.
to leave (one) alone / to leave as is
*** used often in modified command form, with spelling change, meaning “leave me alone!”
放っておく
[ほうっておく]
tr.
ほっといて
to get torn / to wear out / to become ragged (esp. paper, cloth, etc.)
破ける
[やぶける] **
intr.
to mix / to put things together (alt. use)
取り混ぜる
[とりまぜる] **
tr.
to keep in mind (and pay attention to) / to give heed to
気に留める
[きにとめる] **
tr.
to pester / to plead / to coax / to hound
ねだる
tr.
to begrudge / to envy
妬む
> [ねたむ]
tr.
to shoot (an arrow, bolt, dart, etc.)
射る
[いる]
tr.
to brew (sake, etc.)
to bring about / to give rise to / to cause
醸す
[かもす]
tr.
to engender / to bring about (change, etc.) / to brew (metaphorically)
醸し出す
[かもしだす]
tr.
to pluck / to pull out (weeds, etc.)
むしる
tr.
to pinch (specifically to squeeze a small amt. of skin)
抓る
> [つねる]
tr.
to learn (one’s) lesson / to learn the hard way / to learn through (an) experience
懲りる
[こりる] **
intr.
to get tangled up in (used literally or metaphorically)
絡まる
> [からまる]
intr.
to devote oneself solely to / to do intently and exclusively / to do throughout (the night, etc.)
徹する
[てっする]
to take the name of / to call (oneself) / to claim (to be)
to pretend / to feign
称する
[しょうする]
to deceive / to delude / to trick / to fool
to be as…. as…. (e.g. as beautiful as a rose)
欺く
[あざむく]
tr.
to take service under / to serve / to work for
to enter public service
仕える
[つかえる] **
intr.
to look back (over one’s shoulder, at the past, etc.) / to reflect on or reconsider / to contemplate (oneself) / to introspect
省みる
[かえりみる] **
tr.
顧みる
[かえりみる] **
tr.
to look bright (in terms of the prospects for a situation) / to have hopes that something can (soon) be accomplished
めどが立つ
[めどがたつ]
intr.
to be consistent with / to be coherent
つじつまが合う
[つじつまがあう]
intr.
to reproach / to rebuke / to blame
to nitpick / to find fault
to aggravate (an injury)
咎める
> [とがめる] **
tr.
to look attractive / to look pretty / to shine (in the evening sun, etc.)
映える
[はえる] **
intr.
to be faded / to be blurred / to be hazy
ぼける **
intr.
to be out of focus / to be blurred (photo, video, etc.) / for a camera to be shaken
to waver in one’s beliefs
to shift position / to be slightly off
ぶれる **
intr.
ブレる **
intr.
to soften / to be soothed / to calm down
和む
[なごむ]
intr.
to soak / to dip in / to immerse (e.g. a baby’s head in water)
浸す
[ひたす]
tr.
to get addicted to something / to become crazy about something
to fit in / to get into / to be suited to / to fall into (a trap, etc.)
はまる
intr.
to address / to address someone (e.g. when writing a letter)
宛てる
[あてる] **
tr.
to conform to / to apply to / to follow
準じる
[じゅんじる] **
intr.
准じる
to decay / to rot
to be forgotten with time (often neg.) / to die in obscurity
朽ちる
[くちる] **
intr.
to inherit / to succeed / to take over (e.g. the family business)
受け継ぐ
[うけつぐ]
tr.
to make a display of / to flaunt
見せつける
[みせつける] **
tr.
to exchange glances / to look at each other
to postpone / to suspend operations
見合わせる
[みあわせる] **
intr.
to show off (e.g. show off a new dress)
見せびらかす
[みせびらかす]
tr.
to rub / to chafe / to strike (a match) / to squander one’s money (through gambling, etc.)
to graze / to touch lightly / to take a percentage / to squeeze out
擦る
[する]
tr.
擦る
> [かする]
tr.
to become worn out / to be rubbing or chafing
to get scraped (by) / to be grazing (across) / to be touching lightly (e.g. wheels on the road)
擦れる
[すれる]
intr.
擦れる
> [かすれる]
intr.
to hum / to sing to oneself / to compose impromptu (poems)
口吟む
[くちずさむ]
tr.
to laugh at / to sneer at / to make fun of
to ridicule / to scoff / to jeer at
嘲笑う
[あざわらう]
tr.
嘲る
[あざける]
tr.
to be granted (something) / to be honored with (humble)
賜る
[たまわる]
tr.
to consult with / to confer / to bring a matter before someone
諮る
[はかる]
tr.
to mend / to patch up / to repair / to groom / to keep appearances or cover up mistakes
繕う
[つくろう]
tr.
