VERBS—advanced 4

Question 1

to purify / to cleanse (one’s hands, one’s spirit, etc.)

Answer 1

清める
[きよめる] **
tr.

Question 2

to be expensive / to be costly

Answer 2

高く付く
[たかくつく]
intr.

Question 3

to disagree with / to dispute something / to fight (over)

Answer 3

揉める
> [もめる] **
intr.

Question 4

to add salt

to add pepper / to sprinkle on pepper

Answer 4

塩を加える
[しおをくわえる]
tr.

胡椒を振る
[こしょうをふる]
tr.

Question 5

to obstruct (someone’s view, way, etc.) / to block out (light, wind, etc.)

Answer 5

遮る
[さえぎる]
tr.

Question 6

to take possession of (esp. under false pretenses) / to commandeer / to seize

Answer 6

乗っ取る
[のっとる]
tr.

Question 7

to survive (to live long)

Answer 7

生き延びる
[いきのびる] **
intr.

Question 8

to commence

to challenge / to pick a fight / to make war

to set (a trap) / to plant (explosives, etc.) / to rig (a mechanism)

Answer 8

仕掛ける
[しかける] **
tr.

Question 9

to move ahead with (one’s work) / to make progress on (a project, etc.) / to be productive

Answer 9

捗る
> [はかどる]
intr.

Question 10

to kill time

Answer 10

時間を潰す
[じかんをつぶす]
tr.

Question 11

to sweep away / to wash away / to be carry away (e.g. sand from the shore)

to run away with / to snatch / to abduct (a child, etc.)

Answer 11

浚う
> [さらう]

拐う
[さらう]

Question 12

to have an accident / to be in an accident

to be in a traffic accident

Answer 12

事故に遭う
[じこにあう]
intr.

交通事故に遭う
[こうつうじこにあう]
intr.

Question 13

to accompany (someone) / to follow along with (one’s way of thinking, etc.) / to keep up with (the times, etc.)

Answer 13

付いて行く
> [ついていく]
intr.

Question 14

to unfold (e.g. in front of one’s eyes) / to unroll / to open up

Answer 14

繰り広げる
[くりひろげる] **
intr.

Question 15

to dump / to toss / to throw out

Answer 15

放り出す
[ほうりだす]
tr.

Question 16

to take the form of / to assume the shape of / to transform oneself into (esp. in reference to a spirit, etc.)

Answer 16

化ける
[ばける] **
intr.

Question 17

to levy / to impose upon (someone) / to assess or assign

Answer 17

課す
[かす]
tr.

課する
[かする]
tr.

Question 18

to carry to extremes / to carry out to the end

Answer 18

極める
[きわめる] **
tr.

Question 19

to count on something / to anticipate or expect something

Answer 19

見込む
[みこむ]
tr.

Question 20

to be sensible or smart / to be thoughtful / to be tasteful

to make the smart move (after taking in the situation) / to be considerate of one’s surroundings or people’s feelings and then act accordingly

Answer 20

気が利く
[きがきく]
intr.

気を利かせる
[きをきかせる] **
intr.

Question 21

to close up / to fasten / to shut (one’s mouth, etc.)

adds a bit more emphasis in this form

Answer 21

閉ざす
[とざす]
tr.

Question 22

to call oneself / to give one’s name as / to claim to be someone (or impersonate someone)

Answer 22

名乗る
[なのる]
intr.

Question 23

to shrug / to duck

to shrug one’s shoulders

Answer 23

すくめる **
tr.

肩をすくめる
[かたをすくめる] **
tr.

Question 24

to go bald

Answer 24

はげる **

intr.

Question 25

to state definitively

to finish one’s sentence

Answer 25

言い切る
[いいきる]
tr.

Question 26

to clear up / to make clear

to listen carefully / to strain one’s ears in order to hear

Answer 26

澄ます
[すます]
tr.

耳を澄ます
[みみをすます]
tr.

Question 27

to tamper with / to touch / to grope about or feel around

Answer 27

弄る
> [いじる]
tr.

Question 28

to be beneficial / to be good for (you)

Answer 28

ためになる

intr.

Question 29

to be purified / to be cleansed

Answer 29

清まる
[きよまる]
intr.

Question 30

to speak ambiguously (on purpose) / to make muddy (e.g. a liquid) / to make turbid / to make cloudy

Answer 30

濁す
[にごす]
tr.

Question 31

to be be on point / to hit the mark

Answer 31

要領を得る
[ようりょうをえる] **
tr.

Question 32

to curl up / to roll up / to make something round

Answer 32

丸める
[まるめる] **
tr.

Question 33

to be still bad, but better than it was before (e.g. a sickness)

Answer 33

ましになる

Question 34

to see through / to penetrate (with one’s eyes, vision)

Answer 34

見抜く
[みぬく]
tr.

Question 35

to be bulky / to grow voluminous

Answer 35

嵩張る
[かさばる]
intr.

Question 36

to become distorted or warped (for facial expressions, shapes, and images)

Answer 36

歪む
[ゆがむ]
intr.

Question 37

to be dizzy / to feel faint (idiomatic)

Answer 37

目が回る
[めがまわる]
intr.

Question 38

to fasten one’s seatbelt

Answer 38

シートベルトを締める
[シートベルトをしめる] **
tr.

Question 39

to serve sake

Answer 39

酌む
[くむ]
tr.

Question 40

to remove completely (e.g. a tumor) / to take away / to carry off

Answer 40

取り除く
[とりのぞく]
tr.

Question 41

to be suited to / to suit one’s needs / to match one’s expectations

to be fulfilled (a dream, a wish, etc.)

to have a dream come true / to have a wish come true (expression)

Answer 41

適う
> [かなう]
intr.

叶う
[かなう]
intr.

願いがかなう
[ねがいがかなう]
intr.

Question 42

to become frightened of / to grow scared (e.g. in dark woods)

Answer 42

怯える
[おびえる] **
intr.

Question 43

to unbutton (a shirt, etc.)

to remove (one’s) glasses

Answer 43

ボタンを外す
[ボタンをはずす]

眼鏡を外す
[めがねをはずす]

Question 44

to retain / to record / to keep in position

to limit / to stop / to put an end to

Answer 44

止める
> [とどめる] **
tr.

留める

Question 45

to conceal / to hide

to cover up / to conceal (one’s footprints etc.) / to suppress (one’s feelings)

Answer 45

忍ぶ
[しのぶ]
tr.

忍ばせる
[しのばせる] **
tr.

Question 46

to tremble / to sway (back and forth)

to waver / to become unstable

Answer 46

揺らぐ
[ゆらぐ]
intr.

Question 47

to be dressed stylishly

to joke / to make a play on words / to be witty, saucy, cheeky, etc.

Answer 47

洒落る
[しゃれる] **
intr.

Question 48

to wrap around and enclose / to encircle / to surround (completely or in all directions)

Answer 48

取り巻く
[とりまく]
tr.

Question 49

to whirl / to swirl / to curl (like smoke)

to be all jumbled together (feelings, thoughts, etc.)

Answer 49

渦巻く
[うずまく]
intr.

Question 50

to come running / to rush to (some place)

Answer 50

駆けつける
[かけつける] **
intr.

Question 51

to make thin / to make narrow (esp. to narrow one’s eyes)

Answer 51

細める
[ほそめる] **
tr.

Question 52

to strangle (a neck, etc.) / to constrict

Answer 52

絞める
[しめる] **
tr.

Question 53

to refuse to do something / to reject participation in or acceptance of

Answer 53

拒む
[こばむ]
tr.

Question 54

to chase down / to hunt down / to corner / to hold at bay (e.g. a wild animal)

Answer 54

追い詰める
[おいつめる] **
tr.

Question 55

to grow fat / to put on weight (esp. animals)

to become fertile (soil, etc.)

Answer 55

肥える
[こえる] **
intr.

Question 56

to falsify / to fabricate / to feign / to deceive

Answer 56

偽る
[いつわる]
intr. + tr.

Question 57

to devote oneself to (a cause, etc.) / to invest (one’s time)

to throw / to cast (a vote, light, shadow, etc.)

Answer 57

投じる
[とうじる] **
intr.

Question 58

to fade / to grow pale / to become thin

Answer 58

薄らぐ
[うすらぐ]
intr.

Question 59

to excuse oneself / to take one’s leave / to leave one’s post

Answer 59

辞す
[じす]
intr.

辞する
[じする]
intr.

Question 60

to keep feelings or thoughts to oneself / to hide or keep inside

Answer 60

秘める
[ひめる] **
tr.

Question 61

to strip someone / to remove someone’s clothes

Answer 61

脱がす
[ぬがす]
tr.

Question 62

to fulfill / to accomplish / to obtain success / to bring to the end

Answer 62

成し遂げる
[なしとげる] **
tr.

Question 63

to be submerged / to be soaking in (an onsen, etc.)

to be pickled / to be well-seasoned

to be totally immersed in (a condition or state)

Answer 63

浸かる
[つかる]
intr.

Question 64

to meet fortuitously (e.g. running into an old friend)

to meet by chance / to happen across

Answer 64

巡り会う
[めぐりあう]
intr.

巡り合う

Question 65

to project / to show (e.g. an image on a big screen) / to reveal (e.g. one’s inner emotions)

Answer 65

映し出す
[うつだす]
tr.

Question 66

to overhang / to stick out / to jut out

Answer 66

張り出す
[はりだす]
tr.

Question 67

to arrange flowers

Answer 67

生ける
> [いける] **
tr.

Question 68

to fade out / to become dim

Answer 68

薄れる
[うすれる] **
intr.

Question 69

to lay something down (on its side)

to be lying down / to be stretched out (on one’s side)

Answer 69

横たえる
[よこたえる] **
tr.

横たわる
[よこたわる]
intr.

Question 70

to tie up in a bundle (e.g. straw, flowers, bills, letters)

Answer 70

束ねる
[たばねる] **
tr.

Question 71

to step into (someone’s territory, etc.) / to break into / to raid

to come to grips with / to get to the core of (the issue, etc.)

Answer 71

踏み込む
[ふみこむ]
tr.

Question 72

to be distressed / to be in a state of anxiety

Answer 72

憂える
[うれえる] **
tr.

愁える

Question 73

to atone for / to recompense

Answer 73

償う
[つぐなう]
tr.

Question 74

to pass away / to breathe one’s last breath (idiomatic)

Answer 74

息を引き取る
[いきをひきとる]
tr.

Question 75

to create bitter feelings / to worsen (of a relationship) / to get stormy

Answer 75

角が立つ
[かどがたつ]
intr.

Question 76

to be the first (to do something) / to do something ahead of others

to be the first…. to be faster than others…. (when used grammatically)

Answer 76

先駆ける
[さきがける]
intr.

N + に先駆けて….

Question 77

to be knotted together / to be tied together / to be pasted together

Answer 77

繋ぎ合わせる
[つなぎあわせる] **
intr.

Question 78

to be wide-awake / to be unable to sleep

Answer 78

目が冴える
[めがさえる] **
intr.

Question 79

to be choked by something / to choke on something

Answer 79

むせる **

intr.

Question 80

to attract somebody’s attention (or affection)

to get one’s hooks into

to sound somebody out

Answer 80

気を引く

[きをひく]

Question 81

to put in danger / to put in jeopardy / to imperil / to threaten

Answer 81

脅かす
[おびやかす]
tr.

*** alt reading of おどかす

Question 82

to develop a rash or inflammation / to have a (skin) reaction to

to be strongly influenced by (with a neg. nuance as in a poser)

Answer 82

かぶれる **

intr.

Question 83

to wilt (a flower) / to wither / to droop

to be crestfallen

Answer 83

しおれる**

intr.

Question 84

to soothe / to pacify

Answer 84

なだめる **

tr.

Question 85

to be considerate / to treat with sympathy

to tend to (an injury, etc.) / to care for / to nurse

Answer 85

労る
> [いたわる]
tr.

Question 86

to cover for / to stick up for / to protect someone / to go out on a limb for

Answer 86

かばう

tr.

Question 87

to offer / to present

to revere at a distance / to do respectfully

Answer 87

奉る
[たてまつる]
tr.

Question 88

to pretend / to feign (alt. use)

Answer 88

見せかける
[みせかける] **
tr.

Question 89

to try all possible means

Answer 89

手を尽くす

[てをつくす]

Question 90

to join forces

Answer 90

手を組む

[てをくむ]

Question 91

to revise / to correct

to perform some process / to apply some treatment

Answer 91

手を加える
[てをくわえる] **
tr.

Question 92

to join hands / to link hands

Answer 92

手を結ぶ
[てをむすぶ]
tr.

Question 93

to install / to equip / to affix / to mount

Answer 93

据え付ける
[すえつける] **
tr.

Question 94

to feel resentment / to be indignant / to be enraged or angered

Answer 94

憤る
[いきどおる]
intr.

Question 95

to have / to possess (alt. use)

Answer 95

擁する

[ようする]

Question 96

to abuse (verbally) / to curse at / to shout abuse at / to speak ill of

Answer 96

罵る

[ののしる]

Question 97

to admonish (one’s students, etc.) / to remonstrate / to warn / to persuade

Answer 97

諭す
[さとす]
tr.

Question 98

to rip at the seams / to come un-sewn

to start to bloom / for a bud to open

to smile (alt.)

Answer 98

綻びる
[ほころびる] **
intr.

Question 99

to grieve over / to mourn (the deceased)

Answer 99

悼む
[いたむ]
tr.

Question 100

to covet / to crave / to be greedy for something

(in compound verbs) to do something greedily or hungrily

Answer 100

貪る
[むさぼる]
tr.