VERBS—advanced 4 Flashcards
to purify / to cleanse (one’s hands, one’s spirit, etc.)
清める
[きよめる] **
tr.
to be expensive / to be costly
高く付く
[たかくつく]
intr.
to disagree with / to dispute something / to fight (over)
揉める
> [もめる] **
intr.
to add salt
to add pepper / to sprinkle on pepper
塩を加える
[しおをくわえる]
tr.
胡椒を振る
[こしょうをふる]
tr.
to obstruct (someone’s view, way, etc.) / to block out (light, wind, etc.)
遮る
[さえぎる]
tr.
to take possession of (esp. under false pretenses) / to commandeer / to seize
乗っ取る
[のっとる]
tr.
to survive (to live long)
生き延びる
[いきのびる] **
intr.
to commence
to challenge / to pick a fight / to make war
to set (a trap) / to plant (explosives, etc.) / to rig (a mechanism)
仕掛ける
[しかける] **
tr.
to move ahead with (one’s work) / to make progress on (a project, etc.) / to be productive
捗る
> [はかどる]
intr.
to kill time
時間を潰す
[じかんをつぶす]
tr.
to sweep away / to wash away / to be carry away (e.g. sand from the shore)
to run away with / to snatch / to abduct (a child, etc.)
浚う
> [さらう]
拐う
[さらう]
to have an accident / to be in an accident
to be in a traffic accident
事故に遭う
[じこにあう]
intr.
交通事故に遭う
[こうつうじこにあう]
intr.
to accompany (someone) / to follow along with (one’s way of thinking, etc.) / to keep up with (the times, etc.)
付いて行く
> [ついていく]
intr.
to unfold (e.g. in front of one’s eyes) / to unroll / to open up
繰り広げる
[くりひろげる] **
intr.
to dump / to toss / to throw out
放り出す
[ほうりだす]
tr.
to take the form of / to assume the shape of / to transform oneself into (esp. in reference to a spirit, etc.)
化ける
[ばける] **
intr.
to levy / to impose upon (someone) / to assess or assign
課す
[かす]
tr.
課する
[かする]
tr.
to carry to extremes / to carry out to the end
極める
[きわめる] **
tr.
to count on something / to anticipate or expect something
見込む
[みこむ]
tr.
to be sensible or smart / to be thoughtful / to be tasteful
to make the smart move (after taking in the situation) / to be considerate of one’s surroundings or people’s feelings and then act accordingly
気が利く
[きがきく]
intr.
気を利かせる
[きをきかせる] **
intr.
to close up / to fasten / to shut (one’s mouth, etc.)
adds a bit more emphasis in this form
閉ざす
[とざす]
tr.
to call oneself / to give one’s name as / to claim to be someone (or impersonate someone)
名乗る
[なのる]
intr.
to shrug / to duck
to shrug one’s shoulders
すくめる **
tr.
肩をすくめる
[かたをすくめる] **
tr.
to go bald
はげる **
intr.
to state definitively
to finish one’s sentence
言い切る
[いいきる]
tr.
to clear up / to make clear
to listen carefully / to strain one’s ears in order to hear
澄ます
[すます]
tr.
耳を澄ます
[みみをすます]
tr.
to tamper with / to touch / to grope about or feel around
弄る
> [いじる]
tr.
to be beneficial / to be good for (you)
ためになる
intr.
to be purified / to be cleansed
清まる
[きよまる]
intr.
to speak ambiguously (on purpose) / to make muddy (e.g. a liquid) / to make turbid / to make cloudy
濁す
[にごす]
tr.
to be be on point / to hit the mark
要領を得る
[ようりょうをえる] **
tr.
to curl up / to roll up / to make something round
丸める
[まるめる] **
tr.
to be still bad, but better than it was before (e.g. a sickness)
ましになる
to see through / to penetrate (with one’s eyes, vision)
見抜く
[みぬく]
tr.
to be bulky / to grow voluminous
嵩張る
[かさばる]
intr.
to become distorted or warped (for facial expressions, shapes, and images)
歪む
[ゆがむ]
intr.
to be dizzy / to feel faint (idiomatic)
目が回る
[めがまわる]
intr.
to fasten one’s seatbelt
シートベルトを締める
[シートベルトをしめる] **
tr.
to serve sake
酌む
[くむ]
tr.
to remove completely (e.g. a tumor) / to take away / to carry off
取り除く
[とりのぞく]
tr.
to be suited to / to suit one’s needs / to match one’s expectations
to be fulfilled (a dream, a wish, etc.)
to have a dream come true / to have a wish come true (expression)
適う
> [かなう]
intr.
叶う
[かなう]
intr.
願いがかなう
[ねがいがかなう]
intr.
to become frightened of / to grow scared (e.g. in dark woods)
怯える
[おびえる] **
intr.
to unbutton (a shirt, etc.)
to remove (one’s) glasses
ボタンを外す
[ボタンをはずす]
眼鏡を外す
[めがねをはずす]
to retain / to record / to keep in position
to limit / to stop / to put an end to
止める
> [とどめる] **
tr.
留める
to conceal / to hide
to cover up / to conceal (one’s footprints etc.) / to suppress (one’s feelings)
忍ぶ
[しのぶ]
tr.
忍ばせる
[しのばせる] **
tr.
to tremble / to sway (back and forth)
to waver / to become unstable
揺らぐ
[ゆらぐ]
intr.
to be dressed stylishly
to joke / to make a play on words / to be witty, saucy, cheeky, etc.
洒落る
[しゃれる] **
intr.
to wrap around and enclose / to encircle / to surround (completely or in all directions)
取り巻く
[とりまく]
tr.
to whirl / to swirl / to curl (like smoke)
to be all jumbled together (feelings, thoughts, etc.)
渦巻く
[うずまく]
intr.
to come running / to rush to (some place)
駆けつける
[かけつける] **
intr.
to make thin / to make narrow (esp. to narrow one’s eyes)
細める
[ほそめる] **
tr.
to strangle (a neck, etc.) / to constrict
絞める
[しめる] **
tr.
to refuse to do something / to reject participation in or acceptance of
拒む
[こばむ]
tr.
to chase down / to hunt down / to corner / to hold at bay (e.g. a wild animal)
追い詰める
[おいつめる] **
tr.
to grow fat / to put on weight (esp. animals)
to become fertile (soil, etc.)
肥える
[こえる] **
intr.
to falsify / to fabricate / to feign / to deceive
偽る
[いつわる]
intr. + tr.
to devote oneself to (a cause, etc.) / to invest (one’s time)
to throw / to cast (a vote, light, shadow, etc.)
投じる
[とうじる] **
intr.
to fade / to grow pale / to become thin
薄らぐ
[うすらぐ]
intr.
to excuse oneself / to take one’s leave / to leave one’s post
辞す
[じす]
intr.
辞する
[じする]
intr.
to keep feelings or thoughts to oneself / to hide or keep inside
秘める
[ひめる] **
tr.
to strip someone / to remove someone’s clothes
脱がす
[ぬがす]
tr.
to fulfill / to accomplish / to obtain success / to bring to the end
成し遂げる
[なしとげる] **
tr.
to be submerged / to be soaking in (an onsen, etc.)
to be pickled / to be well-seasoned
to be totally immersed in (a condition or state)
浸かる
[つかる]
intr.
to meet fortuitously (e.g. running into an old friend)
to meet by chance / to happen across
巡り会う
[めぐりあう]
intr.
巡り合う
to project / to show (e.g. an image on a big screen) / to reveal (e.g. one’s inner emotions)
映し出す
[うつだす]
tr.
to overhang / to stick out / to jut out
張り出す
[はりだす]
tr.
to arrange flowers
生ける
> [いける] **
tr.
to fade out / to become dim
薄れる
[うすれる] **
intr.
to lay something down (on its side)
to be lying down / to be stretched out (on one’s side)
横たえる
[よこたえる] **
tr.
横たわる
[よこたわる]
intr.
to tie up in a bundle (e.g. straw, flowers, bills, letters)
束ねる
[たばねる] **
tr.
to step into (someone’s territory, etc.) / to break into / to raid
to come to grips with / to get to the core of (the issue, etc.)
踏み込む
[ふみこむ]
tr.
to be distressed / to be in a state of anxiety
憂える
[うれえる] **
tr.
愁える
to atone for / to recompense
償う
[つぐなう]
tr.
to pass away / to breathe one’s last breath (idiomatic)
息を引き取る
[いきをひきとる]
tr.
to create bitter feelings / to worsen (of a relationship) / to get stormy
角が立つ
[かどがたつ]
intr.
to be the first (to do something) / to do something ahead of others
to be the first…. to be faster than others…. (when used grammatically)
先駆ける
[さきがける]
intr.
N + に先駆けて….
to be knotted together / to be tied together / to be pasted together
繋ぎ合わせる
[つなぎあわせる] **
intr.
to be wide-awake / to be unable to sleep
目が冴える
[めがさえる] **
intr.
to be choked by something / to choke on something
むせる **
intr.
to attract somebody’s attention (or affection)
to get one’s hooks into
to sound somebody out
気を引く
[きをひく]
to put in danger / to put in jeopardy / to imperil / to threaten
脅かす
[おびやかす]
tr.
*** alt reading of おどかす
to develop a rash or inflammation / to have a (skin) reaction to
to be strongly influenced by (with a neg. nuance as in a poser)
かぶれる **
intr.
to wilt (a flower) / to wither / to droop
to be crestfallen
しおれる**
intr.
to soothe / to pacify
なだめる **
tr.
to be considerate / to treat with sympathy
to tend to (an injury, etc.) / to care for / to nurse
労る
> [いたわる]
tr.
to cover for / to stick up for / to protect someone / to go out on a limb for
かばう
tr.
to offer / to present
to revere at a distance / to do respectfully
奉る
[たてまつる]
tr.
to pretend / to feign (alt. use)
見せかける
[みせかける] **
tr.
to try all possible means
手を尽くす
[てをつくす]
to join forces
手を組む
[てをくむ]
to revise / to correct
to perform some process / to apply some treatment
手を加える
[てをくわえる] **
tr.
to join hands / to link hands
手を結ぶ
[てをむすぶ]
tr.
to install / to equip / to affix / to mount
据え付ける
[すえつける] **
tr.
to feel resentment / to be indignant / to be enraged or angered
憤る
[いきどおる]
intr.
to have / to possess (alt. use)
擁する
[ようする]
to abuse (verbally) / to curse at / to shout abuse at / to speak ill of
罵る
[ののしる]
to admonish (one’s students, etc.) / to remonstrate / to warn / to persuade
諭す
[さとす]
tr.
to rip at the seams / to come un-sewn
to start to bloom / for a bud to open
to smile (alt.)
綻びる
[ほころびる] **
intr.
to grieve over / to mourn (the deceased)
悼む
[いたむ]
tr.
to covet / to crave / to be greedy for something
(in compound verbs) to do something greedily or hungrily
貪る
[むさぼる]
tr.
