VERBS—advanced 1 Flashcards
to get cold / to cool down / to have cold come in (usu. air temperature)
冷え込む
[ひえこむ]
intr.
to cool (oneself) / to cool off / to enjoy the cool air
涼む
[すずむ]
intr.
to sell wholesale
to grate (vegetables, etc.)
to cut up fish
卸す
[おろす]
tr.
to offer / to propose / to submit a request / to come forward with information
申し出る
[もうしでる] **
tr.
to roast (rice crackers, etc.)
to broil / to parch (beans in a pan, etc.)
煎る
[いる]
tr.
炒る
[いる]
tr.
to crawl / to creep (e.g. insects)
這う
[はう]
intr.
to bear in mind / to keep something in mind
心掛ける
[こころがける] **
tr.
to file / to put something in (a folder, file etc.)
綴じる
> [とじる] **
tr.
to peel off / to strip off / tear off / to rip off (e.g. stickers)
剥がす
[はがす] or [へがす]
tr.
剝がす
to be found
nowhere to be found….
見当たる
[みあたる]
intr.
見当たらない
[みあたらない]
to assign / to allot / to divi up (work, tickets, etc.)
割り当てる
[わりあてる] **
tr.
to dissolve (something) / to scramble (eggs) / to melt / to mix (water with flour, etc.)
溶く
[とく]
tr.
to be possible / to be probable / to be likely (used pre-nominally)
有り得る
[ありえる]
有り得る
[ありうる]
to recite / to chant / to advocate for / to preach
唱える
[となえる] **
tr.
to add liquid (esp. to a machine, etc.) / to pour
to put on / to apply (lipstick, etc.) / to color or dye / to light (a fire)
注す
[さす]
tr.
点す
[さす]
tr.
to get over / to recover from / to regain one’s footing / to get back on one’s feet
立ち直る
[たちなおる]
intr.
to go aboard / to get on (a train, boat, etc.)
乗り込む
[のりこむ]
intr.
to become used to seeing something / to grow accustomed to the sight of…
見慣れる
[みなれる] **
intr.
to be flustered / to be confused / to be at a loss
まごつく
intr.
*** also: まごまごする
to arrange a time for / to free up one’s schedule
to be possible (in terms of time, money, availability, etc.)
都合をつける
[つごうをつける] **
tr.
都合がつく
[つごうがつく]
intr.
to cause trouble (for someone) / to inconvenience or annoy (someone)
….に迷惑を掛ける
[….にめいわくをかける] **
tr.
raise (children) / to support (a family)
to foster (growth) / to cultivate (a habit, a quality, etc.)
養う
[やしなう]
tr.
to get up (from a chair, etc.) / to rise
起き上がる
[おきあがる]
intr.
to go back (in time, to an origin, etc.) / to date back to / to trace back to
to go upstream
遡る
[さかのぼる]
intr.
to infringe (on) / to violate (e.g. airspace) / to encroach / to intrude
侵す
[おかす]
tr.
to hang something (with a string, etc.) / to hang up (a shelf, etc.)
to suspend something (from something else) / to be hanged (by the neck, etc.)
吊るす
[つるす]
tr.
吊る
[つる]
tr.
to rely on
to be reliable
頼りにする
[たよりにする]
tr.
頼りになる
[たよりになる]
intr.
to gather together / to bring together (alt. use)
寄り集まる
[よりあつまる]
intr.
to turn upside down / to turn inside out / to turn over
to knock over / to tip over
to overturn or reverse (a decision, etc.)
引っ繰り返す
[ひっくりかえす]
tr.
引っ繰り返す
[ひっくりがえす]
tr.
to be convinced of (something) / to understand and accept as valid (thought, action, etc.)
納得が行く
[なっとくがいく]
intr.
to cut off someone / to cut in (a line, etc.) / to force one’s way into
割り込む
[わりこむ]
tr.
to put someone to bed
寝かす
[ねかす]
tr.
to engage in / to take part in
携わる
[たずさわる]
intr.
to set aside / to keep apart
to remove / to exclude / to take away / to shun (e.g. remove someone from a group)
退ける
[のける] **
tr.
除ける
[のける] **
tr.
to hold in one’s mouth / to hold between one’s teeth (e.g. a thermometer, a pipe)
咥える
> [くわえる] **
intr.
to eagerly await / to look forward to / to anxiously hope for something
待ち望む
[まちのぞむ]
tr.
to pull up / to drag up / to lift up
to salvage / to withdraw (e.g. a sunken ship) / to drag up
引き上げる
[ひきあげる] **
tr.
引き揚げる
[ひきあげる] **
tr.
to run over (usu. with a vehicle) / to knock down
轢く
> [ひく]
tr.
to be burdened with / to take responsibility for
to carry on the back or shoulder
to have (something) in the background / to be in front of something
背負う
[せおう]
tr.
to grasp tightly / to clench (one’s fists, etc.)
握り締める
[にぎりしめる] **
tr.
to remain / to abide / to stay in one place
to be limited to / to be confined to
to be parked ( a car)
止まる
> s
intr.
留まる
駐まる
to be dented / to be indented / to cave in / to collapse
to yield to / to give / to sink
to be overwhelmed / to feel down / to be snubbed
凹む
[へこむ]
intr.
to become a habit
to fall into the habit of….
癖になる
[くせになる]
intr.
癖がつく
[くせがつく]
intr.
to vacuum (a floor)
掃除機をかける
[そうじきをかける] **
tr.
to transfer a call / to announce an arrival / to intermediate (as a secretary, etc.)
取り次ぐ
[とりつぐ]
tr.
電話を取り次ぐ
to get rid of completely / to throw out / to abandon (e.g. a pet or a baby)
棄てる
[すてる] **
tr.
to be negligent in doing something / to be off one’s guard / to shirk
怠る
[おこたる]
tr.
to change beyond recognition / to look radically different
見違える
[みちがえる] **
tr.
to perish / to die out / to collapse / to go under
滅びる
[ほろびる] **
intr.
滅ぶ
[ほろぶ]
intr.
to be bewildered / to be perplexed
戸惑う
[とまどう]
intr.
to tear up / to tear off / to tear to pieces
千切る
> [ちぎる]
tr.
to oversleep
寝過ごす
[ねすごす]
intr.
to be freezing (one’s body) / to become numb with cold
凍える
[こごえる] **
intr.
to envy / to be jealous of
羨む
[うらやむ]
tr.
to be commonplace
有り触れる
> [ありふれる] **
intr.
to change one’s clothes
着替える
[きがえる] **
tr.
to put effort into
力を入れる
[ちからをいれる] **
tr.
to insert / to put in (a charger into a computer, etc.)
挿す
[さす]
tr.
to (deliberately) overlook / to ignore / to turn a blind eye to
見逃す
[みのがす]
tr.
to lean against something / to lean on / to recline on
to lean on (someone) / to depend on
寄り掛かる
[よりかかる]
intr.
to let (someone) hear / to tell (a story etc.) / to inform about
to let one know / to allow one to understand / to make one understand
聞かす
[きかす]
tr.
聞かせる
[きかせる]
tr.
to get warm / to become warm (e.g. soup)
to get warm / to become warm (in a room)
温まる
[あたたまる]
intr.
暖まる
[あたたまる]
intr.
to make a payment on someone else’s behalf
立て替える
[たてかえる] **
tr.
to be revived / to be resurrected / to be restored or rehabilitated
to be recalled (e.g. memories) / to be brought back
蘇る
[よみがえる]
intr.
to inhale / to suck in / to suck up
吸い込む
[すいこむ]
tr.
to embark on (a journey or voyage) / to enter (a new field, etc.)
to lean forward / to lean over
乗り出す
[のりだす]
tr.
to be concerned about (what other people think or say)
/ to worry about (other people’s feelings)
気に掛ける
[きにかける] **
tr.
to beg (for) / to ask for (one’s pardon, etc.) / to appeal to / to entreat / to solicit
請う
[こう]
tr.
to ask again / to ask someone to repeat what they said
聞き直す
[ききなおす]
tr.
to come off / to peel off / to wear off (e.g. paint from a wall) / to fade
剥げる
> [はげる] **
intr.
剝げる
to acquire a specific type of knowledge
to put on clothes / to get dressed
身につける
[みにつける] **
tr.
to shift or slide something (away from something else) / to move something out of the way
to put off / to delay or postpone
ずらす
tr.
to deify / to enshrine
to pray / to worship
祭る
[まつる]
tr.
祀る
[まつる]
tr.
to turn over a page (in a book, calendar, etc.)
to strip off (a futon, etc.) / to tear off
捲る
> [めくる]
tr.
to put one’s strength into
力を込める
[ちからをこめる] **
tr.
to be embarrassed / to lose face
恥をかく
[はじをかく]
intr.
to make / to manufacture
to prepare / to dress oneself up
to have
拵える
> [こしらえる]
tr.
to escape (alt. use, often in an existential sense)
逃れる
[のがれる] **
intr.
to accept (applications, etc.) / to allow the receiving of
受け付ける
[うけつける] **
tr.
to express in words
言い表す
[いいあらわす]
tr.
to move forward (a time, schedule etc.) / to expedite / to speed up
早める
[はやめる] **
tr.
to make-up / to fabricate (a story, etc.)
作り上げる
[つくりあげる] **
tr.
to attach (something) / to stick (something) together / to paste
くっ付ける
> [くっつける] **
tr.
to pinch / to hold (one’s nose, etc.)
to snack on *(when in kana)
摘む
> [つまむ]
tr.
to consent to / to receive / to look over or read / to agree or accept (humble form)
承る
[うけたまわる]
tr.
to grow late (esp. at night) / to get on or advance (in time)
to age / to grow old / to get on or advance (in life)
更ける
[ふける] **
intr.
老ける
[ふける] **
intr.
to bustle / to be lively or crowded with people
to prosper / to flourish / to do thriving business = (a lot of people coming)
賑わう
> [にぎわう]
intr.
to put on sale / to put on the market
売り出す
[うりだす]
tr.
to become known / to be found out / to come to light
知れる
[しれる] **
intr.
to be given the cold shoulder / to be rejected / to be dumped
振られる
[ふられる] **
intr.
to melt into / to merge into
to fit in (to one’s environment, etc.) / to blend in / to adapt
溶け込む
[とけこむ]
intr.
to switch over to / to “throw a switch” and change (something)
切り替える
[きりかえる] **
tr.
to be full of / to be crowded with (e.g. an area full of houses)
立て込む
[たてこむ]
intr.
to tickle
くすぐる
tr.
to entangle / to entwine / to develop a connection with
to become intertwined
絡む
[からむ]
intr.
絡み合う
[からみあう]
intr.
to weave
織る
> [おる]
tr.
to control / to crack down on / to closely regulate
取り締まる
[とりしまる]
tr.
to age / to grow old / to become elderly
老いる
[おいる] **
intr.
年老いる
[としおいる] **
intr.
to give (time, money, goods, etc.) / to donate to / to bestow
to preform or engage in (esp. charitable activities)
to apply (makeup) / to add (ornamentation)
施す
[ほどこす]
tr.
to tell (to do) / to tell (on somebody) / to report (somebody) / to often say
言い付ける
[いいつける] **
tr.
to stumble / to trip up / to trip over
躓く
> [つまずく]
intr.
to drift / to float / to be in the air
to waft (e.g. a scent) / to hang in the air (a lingering feeling or mood)
to wander around (as if drifting)
漂う
[ただよう]
intr.
to hold hands
手を繋ぐ
[てをつなぐ]
tr.
to set up (a house, a building, etc.) / to open (a store etc.) / to prepare in advance (a meal, etc.)
構える
[かまえる] **
tr.
to attract / to captivate (someone)
to fascinate (someone)
to be captivated by / to be taken by / to be charmed by
惹く
[ひく]
tr.
惹きつける
[ひきつける] **
tr.
惹かれる
[ひかれる] **
intr.
to stretch out (the edges) / to enlarge (a photo, etc.)
to delay the end of (a meeting, etc.)
引き伸ばす
[ひきのばす]
tr.
引き延ばす
[ひきのばす]
tr.
to be torn off / to come off / to be ripped to pieces
千切れる
> [ちぎれる] **
intr.
to cultivate land / to till / to plough (agriculture)
耕す
[たがやす]
tr.
to make a hasty decision / to act rashly
to move ahead by (a few hours, etc.)
早まる
[はやまる]
intr.
to blast off / to set off / to launch (fireworks, etc.)
打ち上げる
[うちあげる] **
tr.
to know and understand (one’s psychology, etc.) / to be aware of / to regard as / to take for
to consent / to agree
心得る
[こころえる] **
tr.
to match / to combine / to match up (esp. rhythm, speed, etc.)
合わす
[あわす]
tr.
to turn away / to veer away / to bear off
to go astray / to miss (a target, etc.)
to deviate from / to digress
逸れる
[それる] **
intr.
to torment / to harass / to (cause) troubles / to molest
悩ます
[なやます]
tr.
to connect (something) / to tie to / to fasten / to transfer (a call)
つなげる **
tr.
to be overturned / to topple over / to tip over
引っ繰り返る
[ひっくりかえる]
intr.
to hear (by chance or accidentally) / to catch the sound of (idiomatic use)
耳にする
[みみにする]
intr.
to apply to (e.g. this rule applies to….) / to come under (a category) / to be applicable / to hold true
当てはまる
[あてはまる]
intr.
to bite / to snap or snarl at (usu. animals)
噛み付く
[かみつく]
tr.
to send over (someone to help, etc.) / to hand over / to forward (a letter, etc.)
寄越す
> [よこす]
tr.
to print / to color or pattern fabric
刷る
> [する]
tr.
to allow to escape / to let loose / to miss an opportunity (alt. use, often in an existential sense)
逃す
[のがす]
tr.
to get twisted / to get wound-up
捻じれる
> [ねじれる] **
intr.
to cut off (supplies, etc.) / to sever (ties, communication, etc.)
to completely abstain from or give up
断つ
[たつ]
tr.
to apply (a rule, theory, etc.) / to put under (a category) / to adapt
当てはめる
[あてはめる] **
tr.
to weaken (in old age, etc.) / to decline / to waste away / to fade
衰える
[おとろえる] **
intr.
to search for something that is lost or missing / to seek a suspect in a crime
捜す
[さがす]
tr.
to delay something (e.g. one’s departure) / to put off / to (purposely) hold up
遅らせる
[おくらせる] **
tr.
to take in / to bring in / to adopt (a behavior)
to be in confusion / to take in trouble(s)
to import (in computing)
取り込む
[とりこむ]
tr. + intr.
to shout at, to roar (in anger), to (loudly) use offensive language
怒鳴る
[どなる]
intr.
to burn / to scorch / to char / to singe
焦がす
[こがす]
tr.
to add on to (as an afterthought, etc.) / to append
付け足す
[つけたす]
tr.
to kill a person with a sword or blade / to cut or chop down (alt. use)
斬る
[きる]
tr.
to moisten / to dampen
湿らせる
[しめらせる] **
tr.
to give an example / to bring up a topic / to cite
to conduct a ceremony (esp. a wedding)
挙げる
[あげる] **
tr.
to talk back / to retort
言い返す
[いいかえす]
tr.
to sink something / to submerge something (underwater)
沈める
[しずめる] **
tr.
to take on (something) / to be entrusted (with a mission, task, etc.)
to have a trace of / to be tinged with
to be wear (a sword, etc.) / to carry
帯びる
[おびる] **
tr.
to be curly / to be wavy / to be frizzled / to be corrugated
縮れる
[ちぢれる] **
intr.
to go out somewhere in order to meet someone (e.g. picking up someone from the airport)
出迎える
[でむかえる] **
to lean against / to recline on
to sit heavy in the stomach / to be uneasily digested
もたれる **
intr.
to taste / to eat
to speak of / to refer to
(idiomatic use)
口にする
[くちにする]
intr.
to knead (to work and press into a mass)
to work out (an idea, etc.) / to polish (refine or improve imperfections)
練る
[ねる]
tr.
to be endowed with / to be gifted with (a skill, etc.)
to be furnished with / to be equipped with
備わる
[そなわる]
intr.
具わる
[そなわる]
intr.
to twist / to screw / to wind (up)
捻じる
> [ねじる]
tr.
to tear apart (and destroy) / to rip up
破く
[やぶく]
tr.
to pull up / to bring alongside / to park (a vehicle)
着ける
[つける] **
tr.
to adjoin (each other) / to be next door to each other / to be side by side
隣り合う
[となりあう]
intr.
to add (as needed) / to add one thing to another (e.g. a name to a list)
付け加える
[つけくわえる] **
tr.
to feel down / to feel depressed / to be in a slump or unfavorable condition
落ち込む
[おちこむ]
intr.
to engage in (esp. a discussion) / to bring into (the mix)
交える
[まじえる] **
tr.
to be sticky (to the touch) / to be adhesive
to stick to something / to be persistent
粘る
[ねばる]
intr.
to have origin in / to be based on (usu. some factual data)
to plant oneself on (firmly) / to have one’s feet firmly planted on
踏まえる
[ふまえる] **
tr.
