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Biochemistry > Vitamin deficiencies: Micronutrients > Flashcards

Vitamin deficiencies: Micronutrients Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin C

A

Anti-oxidant
Iron absorption

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2
Q

Energy releasing B complex vitamins

A

B1, 2, 3, 5, 7

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3
Q

Vitamin B1

A

Thiamine

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4
Q

Vitamin B2

A

Riboflavin

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5
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

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6
Q

Vitamin B5

A

Pantothenic acid

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7
Q

Vitamin B7

A

Biotin

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8
Q

Vitamin B9

A

Folic acid

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9
Q

Vitamin B12

A

Cobalamin

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10
Q

Vitamin B6

A

Pyridoxine

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11
Q

Vitamin Bp

A

Choline

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12
Q

What metabolism does B6 regulate?

A

Pyridoxine
Amino acid

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13
Q

What are the Fat soluble vitamins

A

Vitamin D, A, K, E

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14
Q

Vitamin A

A

Retinol, B-carotenes

Vision

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15
Q

Vitamin D

A

Cholecalciferol

Bone metabolism

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16
Q

Vitamin K

A

Phylloquinones, menaquinones

Blood clotting

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17
Q

Vitamin E

A

Tocopherols

Anti-oxidants (protects lipids from being oxidized)

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18
Q

Disease for Vitamin C

A

Scurvy

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19
Q

Disease for Vitamin B1

A

Beri beri

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20
Q

Disease for Vitamin B2

A

Arabinoflavinosis

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21
Q

Disease for Vitamin B3

A

Pellagra

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22
Q

Disease for Vitamin B9 and B12

A

Macrocytic anemia

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23
Q

Disease for vitamin A

A

Xerophthalmia, night blindness

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24
Q

Disease for vitamin D

A

Rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis

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25
Disease for calcium deficiency
Osteoporosis
26
Disease for iron, copper, vitamin B6 deficiencies
Microcytic anemia
27
What process does calcium help with
Cell signaling
28
Primary source of calcium
dairy
29
What is iron required for
Hemoglobin function
30
What does iron deficiency cause
Microcytic anemia (small RBCs) Hypochromic anemia (RBCs not as red as normal)
31
Dietary source of iron
Heme from meat and seafood
32
Function of zinc
Important for transcription factors
33
What does zinc deficiency cause
impaired immune function
34
Daily intake of what mineral is required because the body doesn't have storage?
zinc
35
dietary source of zinc
Red meat, poultry
36
What does vitamin B complex deficiencies primarily affect?
Rapidly growing epithelial cells (skin and GI tract) CNS is sometimes affected
37
What vitamin is water soluble
Vitamin C Vitamin B complex
38
What are the hematopoetic B vitamins
B9 and B12
39
B1 deficiency
Dry beri beri: Affects CNS Wet beri beri: Affects cardiovascular system Wernicke korsakoff: mostly dry beri beri, caused by chronic alcohol abuse
40
B3 deficiency
Pellagra: Diarrhea, dementia, glossitis affects alcoholics
41
B9 and B12 deficiencies
Macrocytic anemia Pernicious anemia: caused by B12
42
What is pernicious anemia
A type of macrocytic anemia caused by B12 deficiency due to inadequate absorption
43
What is macrocytic anemia
Macrocytic cells: Larger than normal RBC
44
complications of scurvy result from deficiency in what process?
synthesis of collagen
45
Vitamin C facilitates
Intestinal absorption of iron It's an anti-oxidant
46
What does a deficiency in synthesis of collagen cause
Problems with wound healing, blood under the skin, infections, teeth falling out
47
what is xerophthalamia
Blindness from inadequate tear production
48
What vitamin causes xerophthalamia
Vitamin A deficiency
49
adults have a 1-2 year reserve of
retinoids (vitamin A)
50
Symptoms of rickets, and what vitamin causes it
Vitamin D Bowed legs, beaded ribs
51
Why are elderly susceptible to vitamin D deficiencies?
Capacity to make vitamin D declines with age older adults drink less milk Less exposure to sun, stay indoors
52
What primary problem causes vitamin E deficiency
Fat malabsorption
53
Why does fat malabsorption cause vitamin E deficiency?
It's fat soluble so it sticks with fat and absorbs into intestine
54
Disease for vitamin E
Hemolytic anemia Normal RBCs break open in spleen or circulation Prolonged deficiency: neuromuscular dysfunction
55
what vitamins are given after birth to babies
E and K
56
Disease of vitamin K
Hemorrhaging
57
Secondary deficiencies of Vitamin K
fat malabsoprtion Intestinal flora is compromised because of antibiotic treatment
58
What population is susceptible to fat soluble vitamins?
Patients with cystic fibrosis - Pancreas don't release enough pancreatic lipase, causes fat malabsorption Vitamins D, A, K, E
59
Consumption of galactose can cause
Rickets
60
Linoleic acid is
Fatty acid
61

Biochemistry (13 decks)

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