Cell bio review Flashcards
What is in the inner leaflet
Posphatidylserine and Phopshatidylinositol
What is in the outerleaflet
Phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin
What does phosphatidylinositol do
Cell signaling
What is lysolipid
Removal of one FA from glycerophospholipid or sphingolipid
Facilitated diffusion
Requires transporter to bind to carrier protein
ATP is not required
Simple diffusion
Gases and lipid soluble substances do it
ATP Is not required
High concentration to low concentration
Gated channels
Transmembrane proteins form a pore
ATP Is used
Active transport
Compound is concentrated on one side of gradient
Goes against concentration gradient
Primary active transport
Energy applied directly to transporter
Secondary active transport
Energy is used to make ion gradient
Symport
Goes in same direction
Antiporter
Transported in opposite directions
Endocytosis
Brings material inside cell
Phagocytosis if vesicle forms around matter
Pinocytosis
Bringings fluids inside cell
Potocytosis
Type of endocytosis that transports material across plasma membrane via caveolae
Folate
Integral proteins
Embedded in plasma membrane
PERMANENT
Peripheral proteins
Attached to membrane surface via electrostatic interactions to LIPIDS or INTEGRAL PROTEINS
TEMPORARY
Glycoprotein
proteins on outer leaflet that covalently bind to Carbohydrate chains
Glycocalyx
Hydrophilic carbohydrate layer, proteins cell from sigestion
stops uptake of hydrophobic compounds
Glycolipids
Lipids on outer leaflet that is covalently bound to carb chains
Cholesterol
Maintains membrane fluidity
Interspersed between phospholipids
Glycerophospholipid
1 glycerold, 2 FA, phosphate, head group
Lysosomes
Digestion
Single membrane
eliminates waste, recycles
Mitochondria
Generates most ATP
inner membrane is highly permeable
OxPhos is ____ diffusion
Facilitated
Peroxisosomes
Oxidative reactions using oxygen
oxidizes long FA chains to short ones
Smooth ER
Lacks ribosomes
Has enzymes to synthesize lipids
Glycogen is store in liver with more SER
Rough ER
Synthesizes proteins
N-linked glycosylation
Disulfide formation
Golgi complex
Modifies proteins made in RER
Post translational modifications
- oligosaccharide addition
- sulfation
- phosphorylation
Lipid anchored proteins
Something is covalently attached to a lipid which anchors proteins to external or internal surface of membrane
What lipids are in the outer leaflet
Phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin
What is the difference between secondary and facilitated diffusion
Secondary goes against the concentration gradient and uses energy stored from gradient
Facilitated goes along the gradient and doesn’t use energy
