Cell bio review

Question 1

What is in the inner leaflet

Answer 1

Posphatidylserine and Phopshatidylinositol

Question 1

What is in the outerleaflet

Answer 1

Phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin

Question 2

What does phosphatidylinositol do

Answer 2

Cell signaling

Question 3

What is lysolipid

Answer 3

Removal of one FA from glycerophospholipid or sphingolipid

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 4

Requires transporter to bind to carrier protein
ATP is not required

Question 5

Simple diffusion

Answer 5

Gases and lipid soluble substances do it
ATP Is not required
High concentration to low concentration

Question 6

Gated channels

Answer 6

Transmembrane proteins form a pore
ATP Is used

Question 7

Active transport

Answer 7

Compound is concentrated on one side of gradient
Goes against concentration gradient

Question 8

Primary active transport

Answer 8

Energy applied directly to transporter

Question 9

Secondary active transport

Answer 9

Energy is used to make ion gradient

Question 10

Symport

Answer 10

Goes in same direction

Question 11

Antiporter

Answer 11

Transported in opposite directions

Question 12

Endocytosis

Answer 12

Brings material inside cell
Phagocytosis if vesicle forms around matter

Question 13

Pinocytosis

Answer 13

Bringings fluids inside cell

Question 14

Potocytosis

Answer 14

Type of endocytosis that transports material across plasma membrane via caveolae

Folate

Question 15

Integral proteins

Answer 15

Embedded in plasma membrane
PERMANENT

Question 16

Peripheral proteins

Answer 16

Attached to membrane surface via electrostatic interactions to LIPIDS or INTEGRAL PROTEINS

TEMPORARY

Question 17

Glycoprotein

Answer 17

proteins on outer leaflet that covalently bind to Carbohydrate chains

Question 18

Glycocalyx

Answer 18

Hydrophilic carbohydrate layer, proteins cell from sigestion
stops uptake of hydrophobic compounds

Question 19

Glycolipids

Answer 19

Lipids on outer leaflet that is covalently bound to carb chains

Question 20

Cholesterol

Answer 20

Maintains membrane fluidity
Interspersed between phospholipids

Question 21

Glycerophospholipid

Answer 21

1 glycerold, 2 FA, phosphate, head group

Question 22

Lysosomes

Answer 22

Digestion
Single membrane
eliminates waste, recycles

Question 23

Mitochondria

Answer 23

Generates most ATP
inner membrane is highly permeable

Question 24

OxPhos is ____ diffusion

Answer 24

Facilitated

Question 25

Peroxisosomes

Answer 25

Oxidative reactions using oxygen
oxidizes long FA chains to short ones

Question 26

Smooth ER

Answer 26

Lacks ribosomes
Has enzymes to synthesize lipids
Glycogen is store in liver with more SER

Question 27

Rough ER

Answer 27

Synthesizes proteins
N-linked glycosylation
Disulfide formation

Question 28

Golgi complex

Answer 28

Modifies proteins made in RER
Post translational modifications
- oligosaccharide addition
- sulfation
- phosphorylation

Question 29

Lipid anchored proteins

Answer 29

Something is covalently attached to a lipid which anchors proteins to external or internal surface of membrane

Question 30

What lipids are in the outer leaflet

Answer 30

Phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin

Question 31

What is the difference between secondary and facilitated diffusion

Answer 31

Secondary goes against the concentration gradient and uses energy stored from gradient

Facilitated goes along the gradient and doesn’t use energy