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Nursing > Vital Signs > Flashcards

Vital Signs Flashcards

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1
Q

What are factors that affect Body Temp?

A 
Age
Exercise
Hormone level
Circadian rhythm
Stress
Environment
Temperature Alterations
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2
Q

What is the normal blood pressure for:
Adult
Child
Infant

A

Adult 120/80 (90-119/60-79)
Child 110/65 - 119/75
Infant 85/54 - 95/65

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3
Q

What is the normal heart rate for:
Adult
Child
Infant

A

Adult 60-100
Child 75-100
Infant 120-160

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4
Q

What is the normal respiration rate for:
Adult
Child
Infant

A

Adult 12-20
Child 20-30
Infant 30-60

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5
Q

What factors influence the character of respirations?

A 
Exercise
Acute pain
Anxiety
Smoking
Body position
Medications
Neurological injury
Hemoglobin function
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6
Q

What is the normal temperature for:
Adult
Child
Infant

A

Adult 96.8-100.4
Child 96.8-100.4
Infant 95.9-99.5

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7
Q

What factors cause the pulse rate to vary?

A 
Exercise
Temperature
Emotions
hemorrhage
Postural changes
Pulmonary conditions
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8
Q

what are the anatomical landmarks used to locate the apical pulse?

A

Locate the angle of louis,

locate the second intercostal space, locate the fifth intercostal space, identify the midclavicular line.

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9
Q

What is a oxygen saturation of less than 90% be considered?

A

a clinical emergency

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10
Q

What are the 5 Korotkoff sounds?

A
  1. sharp thump
  2. a blowing or whooshing sound
  3. a crisp, intense tapping
  4. a softer blowing sound that fades
  5. silence
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11
Q

systolic pressure

A

the peak fo maximum pressure when ejection occurs

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12
Q

diastolic pressure

A

the minimal pressure exerted against the arterial walls at all times

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13
Q

pulpe pressure

A

the difference between systolic and diastolic

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14
Q

What are the physiological factors that influence blood pressure?

A 
age 
stress
ethnicity
gender
daily variation
medications
activity and weight
smoking
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15
Q

What ethnicity has a higher incidence of hypertension?

A

African american

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16
Q

how would a rectal thermometer differ from an oral one?

A

0.9 degrees higher

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17
Q

how would an axillary or tympanic thermometer differ from an oral one?

A

0.9 degrees lower

18
Q

How big should your BP cuff be relative to the patients arm?

A

20% greater than the diameter of the limb

19
Q

How do you convert celsius to Fahrenheit?

A

C x 9/5 + 32

20
Q

What happens during systole?

A

ventricles of the heart contract

21
Q

What happens during diastole?

A

ventricles relax, min pressure

22
Q

What is our normal blood volume?

A

5,000 mL

23
Q

What is the expected reference range of oxygen saturation?

A

95-100%

24
Q

How do you convert Fahrenheit to celsius?

A

(F-32) x 5/9

25
Q

What pulse rate is considered tachycardia?

A

> 100

26
Q

What pulse rate is considered bradycardia?

A

<60

27
Q

What respiratory rate is considered tachypnea?

A

> 20 bpm

28
Q

What respiratory rate is considered bradypnea?

A

<12 bpm

29
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs with each breath

30
Q

What BP is considered hypertension?

A

Systolic >/= 140mmHg
OR
Diastolic >/= 90 mmHg

31
Q

What BP is considered hypotension?

A

Systolic = 90mmHg
OR
Diastolic = 60mmHg

32
Q

how does the BP in the leg differ from the arm?

A

The systolic BP in the leg is usually 10-40 mmHg higher (diastolic the same as in arm)

33
Q

What are the 6 vital signs?

A 
Temp
pulse
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate
oxygen saturation
pain
34
Q

What is capnography and what is a normal range?

A

the concentration or partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the respiratory gases.
35-45 mmHg

35
Q

What is body heat?

A

heat produced - heat lost = body temp

36
Q

What controls body temp and regulates the set point?

A

hypothalamus

37
Q

What happens if body temp falls below the set point?

A

vasoconstriction - blood flow is reduced to skin and extremities

38
Q

What is the basal metabolic rate?

A

heat produced by the body at absolute rest

39
Q

What is pyrexia?

A

Fever

40
Q

What is hyperthermia?

A

heatstroke - body temp greater than 104 degrees, elevated HR, lowered BP

41
Q

What is hypothermia?

A

Body temp less than 93.2

42
Q

What is an antipyretic?

A

medications that reduce fever

Nursing (26 decks)

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