Visual Separation Flashcards
When can visual separation be used to separate IFR flights?
During a VMC climb or descent when the pilots have agreed to maintain their own separation.
Under specific conditions, in the vicinity of an aerodrome.
Under specific conditions, when an aircraft is executing a visual approach and has the preceding traffic in sight.
When may VMC climb and descent be authorised for IFR flights?
Aircraft is operating in Class D and E
VMC exist
Daylight Hours
Separation can be maintained to one other aircraft
Remain in VMC
What are the caveats associated with VMC climb and descent?
The clearance shall be for a specified portion of the flight at or below 3050m (10 000 ft).
If there is a possibility that flight under visual meteorological conditions may become impracticable, an IFR flight shall be provided with alternative instructions.
If operation in VMC becomes impossible, the aircraft shall inform ATC before entering IMC and shall follow given instructions.
When can separation be reduced in the vicinity of the aerodrome?
a) When each aircraft is
continuously visible to this controller
b) When each aircraft is continuously visible to flight crews of each aircraft and they can maintain their own separation.
c) In the case of one aircraft following another, the preceding aircraft is continuously visible to the following flight crew and separation can be maintained.
When can an IFR flight be cleared to execute a visual approach?
When the pilot can maintain visual reference to the terrain.
The reported ceiling is at or above the approved initial approach level for the aircraft so cleared.
The pilot reports that at the beginning of the approach, or at any time, the meteorological conditions are such that with reasonable assurance a visual approach and landing can be completed.
What separation is provided for aircraft on a visual approach?
Separation shall be provided between an aircraft cleared to execute a visual approach and other arriving and departing traffic
For successive visual approaches, radar or non-radar separation shall be maintained until the pilot of a succeeding aircraft reports having the preceding aircraft in sight.
The aircraft shall then be instructed to follow and maintain own separation from the preceding aircraft.
What happens when aircraft are different wake categories and the distance between is less than the appropriate wake turbulence minimum?
The ATCO shall issue a caution of possible wake turbulence.
The pilot-in-command of the following aircraft shall be responsible for ensuring that the spacing is acceptable.
If additional spacing is required, the flight crew shall tell ATC, stating their requirements.
Transfer to Tower should be effected at such a time that traffic information and a clearance can be given in a timely manner.
