Vision

Question 1

Range of visible light

Answer 1

-300nm - 800nm

Question 2

Cornea

Answer 2

bends light

Question 3

Retina

Answer 3

Light sensitive structure

made up of light sensitive receptor cells–> Rods and Cones

Question 4

Optic disc

Answer 4

Where optic nerve leaves the eyeball

Question 5

Blind spot

Answer 5

Where there are no rods and cones in the optic disc

where ganglion cells exit the retina

Question 6

Ganglion cells

Answer 6

form the optic nerve

Carry info. to the first visual relay in the brain

Question 7

Photopigments

Answer 7

light sensitive chemicals that fill photoreceptors

Question 8

Rhodopsin

Answer 8

photopigment of the rods

Functions in dim light

Question 9

What type of light do rods function in?

Answer 9

Dim light

Question 10

Iodopsin

Answer 10

the cone photopigment
Functions in bright light
Detail vision is good
Distinguishes among colors

Question 11

What type of light do cones function in?

Answer 11

Bright light

Question 12

Where are rods located?

Answer 12

In the back of the retina

Question 13

Where are cones located?

Answer 13

In the fovea surrounding the eye

Question 14

Receptive Field of rods

Answer 14

Large

Question 15

Receptive Field of cones

Answer 15

small

Question 16

Visual acuity

Answer 16

Sharpness of vision

Question 17

Where is acuity the greatest?

Answer 17

At the fovea

Question 18

Helmholtz

Answer 18

Proposed humans recognize an object through its reflectance

Question 19

Where does the eye form an image?

Answer 19

On the retina

Processing begins in the photoreceptors

Question 20

Where do photoreceptors transmit impulses?

Answer 20

To bipolar neurons and onto ganglion neurons

Question 21

Horizontal Cells

Answer 21

Get info from photoreceptors and send it on to surrounding bipolar neurons

Question 22

Amacrine Cells

Answer 22

Get info from bipolar neurons and send it to ganglion neurons

Question 23

What does stimulation by light do to photoreceptors?

Answer 23

It hyperpolarizes them and they release neurotransmitter

Question 24

Trichromatic Theory

Answer 24

All vision is a combination of red, green, and blue

Supported by 3 color sensitive cone receptors in retina

Question 25

Visual Field

Answer 25

Part of the environment that is being recognized by the retina

Question 26

Receptive Field

Answer 26

The area where a stimulus will modify the activity of a neuron

Question 27

Simple Cells

Answer 27

Respond to light with a specific orientation

Question 28

Complex cell

Answer 28

made up of the inputs from several simple cells

Question 29

Which receptive fields are bigger, complex or simple cells?

Answer 29

Complex cells

Question 30

Form vision

Answer 30

Detects edges and features

Question 31

Modular

Answer 31

each component of processing is segregated into separate locations

Question 32

Hierarchical

Answer 32

Information ascends through increasingly complex levels of the nervous system

Question 33

Nasal

Answer 33

nose side axons cross the midline

Question 34

Temporal

Answer 34

ear side axons do not cross

Question 35

Optic Chiasm

Answer 35

where the 2 optic nerves join

Question 36

Where does the left visual field go?

Answer 36

To the right brain

Question 37

Where does the right visual field go?

Answer 37

To the left brain

Question 38

Where do nerve synapse?

Answer 38

In the Lateral Geniculate Nuclei LGN

Question 39

Ventral Stream

Answer 39

Color perception and object recognition

Question 40

Dorsal Stream

Answer 40

Movement and location of objects in space

Question 41

Where do Ventral and Dorsal streams meet?

Answer 41

In the prefrontal cortex

Question 42

Object Agnosia

Answer 42

Inability to recognize objects

Question 43

Prosopagnosia

Answer 43

Inability to recognize familiar faces

Question 44

Fusiform Face Area

Answer 44

Critical for recognizing faces

Question 45

Color agnosia

Answer 45

Loss of the ability to perceive colors

Question 46

V4

Answer 46

Provides color constancy

Question 47

Movement Agnosia

Answer 47

Inability to perceive movements