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Biopsych > Vision > Flashcards

Vision Flashcards

1
Q

Range of visible light

A

-300nm - 800nm

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2
Q

Cornea

A

bends light

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3
Q

Retina

A

Light sensitive structure

made up of light sensitive receptor cells–> Rods and Cones

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4
Q

Optic disc

A

Where optic nerve leaves the eyeball

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5
Q

Blind spot

A

Where there are no rods and cones in the optic disc

where ganglion cells exit the retina

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6
Q

Ganglion cells

A

form the optic nerve

Carry info. to the first visual relay in the brain

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7
Q

Photopigments

A

light sensitive chemicals that fill photoreceptors

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8
Q

Rhodopsin

A

photopigment of the rods

Functions in dim light

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9
Q

What type of light do rods function in?

A

Dim light

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10
Q

Iodopsin

A

the cone photopigment
Functions in bright light
Detail vision is good
Distinguishes among colors

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11
Q

What type of light do cones function in?

A

Bright light

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12
Q

Where are rods located?

A

In the back of the retina

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13
Q

Where are cones located?

A

In the fovea surrounding the eye

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14
Q

Receptive Field of rods

A

Large

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15
Q

Receptive Field of cones

A

small

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16
Q

Visual acuity

A

Sharpness of vision

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17
Q

Where is acuity the greatest?

A

At the fovea

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18
Q

Helmholtz

A

Proposed humans recognize an object through its reflectance

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19
Q

Where does the eye form an image?

A

On the retina

Processing begins in the photoreceptors

20
Q

Where do photoreceptors transmit impulses?

A

To bipolar neurons and onto ganglion neurons

21
Q

Horizontal Cells

A

Get info from photoreceptors and send it on to surrounding bipolar neurons

22
Q

Amacrine Cells

A

Get info from bipolar neurons and send it to ganglion neurons

23
Q

What does stimulation by light do to photoreceptors?

A

It hyperpolarizes them and they release neurotransmitter

24
Q

Trichromatic Theory

A

All vision is a combination of red, green, and blue

Supported by 3 color sensitive cone receptors in retina

25
Q

Visual Field

A

Part of the environment that is being recognized by the retina

26
Q

Receptive Field

A

The area where a stimulus will modify the activity of a neuron

27
Q

Simple Cells

A

Respond to light with a specific orientation

28
Q

Complex cell

A

made up of the inputs from several simple cells

29
Q

Which receptive fields are bigger, complex or simple cells?

A

Complex cells

30
Q

Form vision

A

Detects edges and features

31
Q

Modular

A

each component of processing is segregated into separate locations

32
Q

Hierarchical

A

Information ascends through increasingly complex levels of the nervous system

33
Q

Nasal

A

nose side axons cross the midline

34
Q

Temporal

A

ear side axons do not cross

35
Q

Optic Chiasm

A

where the 2 optic nerves join

36
Q

Where does the left visual field go?

A

To the right brain

37
Q

Where does the right visual field go?

A

To the left brain

38
Q

Where do nerve synapse?

A

In the Lateral Geniculate Nuclei LGN

39
Q

Ventral Stream

A

Color perception and object recognition

40
Q

Dorsal Stream

A

Movement and location of objects in space

41
Q

Where do Ventral and Dorsal streams meet?

A

In the prefrontal cortex

42
Q

Object Agnosia

A

Inability to recognize objects

43
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Inability to recognize familiar faces

44
Q

Fusiform Face Area

A

Critical for recognizing faces

45
Q

Color agnosia

A

Loss of the ability to perceive colors

46
Q

V4

A

Provides color constancy

47
Q

Movement Agnosia

A

Inability to perceive movements

Biopsych (12 decks)

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