Viruses Part 1.2 ( viral Taxonomy, DNA section ) Flashcards
What is it called for a virus family?
Viridae
What does a species ( group of viruses ) do?
They have same nuclic acid and infect same host cells
What are the 4 main group of classification of dna and rna viruses ?
Single stranded dna viruses
Double stranded dna viruses
Single stranded rna viruses
Double stranded rna viruses
What family falls under single stranded dna viruses ?
Parvoviridae
What are the 3 things to help classify if it’s a parvoviridae?
( what is it, it’s shape, naked or envelope )
Single stranded dna
Icosahedral
Naked viruses
What does the the parvoviridiae cause?(3)
- fetal death
- gastroenteritis
- fifth disease
What are examples of the parvoviridae viruses ?
Human parvovirus
B19
What makes the human parvovirus so dangerous?
It’s because if a pregnant women gets it without already having immunity, it cause fetal death, still born baby
What lowers the chances of a still born baby from happening after human parvovirus?
Most of us are already exposed to it by the age of 30
What are 5 family of viruses that fall under double stranded dna viruses ?
Adenoviridae
Papovaviridae
Poxviridae
Hepadnaviridae
Herpesviridae
What are the 3 things to help classify if it’s a adenoviridae ?
( what is it, shape, naked or envelope?)
Double stranded dna
Icosahedral shape
Naked viruses
What does the adenoviridae cause?
Respiratory disease
What are the 3 things to help classify if it’s a papovaviridae?
( what is it, shape, naked or envelope?)
Double stranded dna
Icosahedral shape
Naked viruses
What does the pa in papovaviridae mean?
Papilloma meaning warts
What does the po in papoviridae mean?
Polyoma meaning tumors
What does the va in papovaviridae mean?
Vacuolating meaning causing vacuoles in host cell
What is the virus that follows under papovaviridae?
Human papilloma virus ( HPV )
What makes HPV so dangerous?
causes cancer ( cervical and penile )
What is the most common sexually transmitted disease ?
HPV ( human papilloma virus )
What does HPV also cause? More so a mild but still pretty bad symptom?
Warts
( over 60 types of them !)
Is there prevention to HPV ?
Yes!! Vaccines
( typically received before puberty, around 14 age )
Is HPV vaccine the only type of vaccine to help prevent cancer?
Yes!
What are the 3 things to help classify if it’s a poxviridae ?
( what is it, shape, naked or envelope?)
- double stranded dna
- complex shape
- enveloped
Is the poxviridiae the largest of all viruses ?
Yes
What viruses fall under poxviridae?
Small pox ( variola )
Cow pox ( vaccinia )
What makes smallpox so speical for the poxviridae ?
We completed eradicated it by vaccination (1978)
What makes the smallpox viruses so dangerous for poxviridae?
It’s a bioterrorism
( some history behind this )
We only have 2 smallpox viruses in the world, United States and Russia. If they were to release that vaccine to the public, most of us would die since we are not immune to it. Also transmitted through the respiratory tract
What are the 3 things to help classify if it’s a hepadnaviridae?
( what is it, shape, naked or envelope?)
Double stranded dna
Isosahedral shape
Enveloped
What is the virus that falls under hepadnaviridae?
Hepatitis B virus
What makes the hepatitis B viruses so dangerous ?
Liver cancer
When are we vaccinated for hepatitis b viruses?
Pretty much the second we leave the hospital
( most of us under the age of 30 are vaccinated against it )
How is hepatitis B virus transmitted ?
Sex & blood
What are the 3 things to help classify if it’s a herpesviridae?
( what is it, shape, naked or envelope?)
Double stranded dna
Isosahedral shape
Enveloped
What makes herpesviridae so dangerous?(2)
Once you get it, you have it forever
&
It’s latent, you can get experience multiple times, it’s dormat for a while in the nerve ganglion, then reactives
( usually through stress & immuno definecy)
If you get a cold sore, can you get it again?
Yes because it’s herpes, once infected, always infected
How many types of herpesviridae viruses are there?
8
What are the name of the 8 herpesviridae viruses?
HHV1 & HHV2 = simplexvirus
HHV3 = varicellovirus
HHV4 = lymphocryptovirus
HHV5= cytomegalovirus
HHV6 & HHV7 = Roseolovirus
HHV8 = rhadinovirus
What is a slogan to help me remember the 8 herpresviridae types of virus?
1&2 are Simple
3 is valuable
4 is LIPS
5 is Crisp
6&7 are Rich
And
8 is ruthless
What are the causes for HHV1 & HHV 2 ? ( simplexvirus )(2)
Cold sores
Genital herpes
What are the causes for HHV3 ?( varicellovirus )(3)
Chickenpox
Shingles
( varicella-zoster virus)
What are the causes of HHV4 ? (Lymphocryptovirus)(2)
EBV ( Epstein Barr virus ) causing
- mononucleosis ( kissing disease )
What does HHV8 cause ? (Rhadinovirus)
Kaposi sarcoma
( cancer cells in GI tract )
Lets go more in depth about herpes.
What percentage of population is infected with HHV1?
85%
What does HHV1 cause?
Cold sores
How does the HHV1 get transmitted?
Oral or respiratory tract
What are the physical symptoms of HHV1?
Lesions recur because of stress, sunlight, fever, or horizontal changes
( Cold sores )
Where does HHV1 stay dormant in?
Trigeminal nerve ganglion
What does HHV2 cause?
Genital herpes
Can HSV1 cause genital herpes?
Yes
What are the symptoms of genital herpes ? HHV2?
Vesicles ( fluid filled blisters ) on genital
Where does HHV2 lay dormant in?
Sacral ganglia
How does HHV2 reactivate?
Stress, hormonal changes, illness
Are there medication HHV2 people have to take?
Yes, acyclovir helps improve their outbreaks but no cure
Is there a cure for herpes?
No
What is HSV-2?
Neonatal herpes
How does neonatal herpes work? (HSV-2)
Herpes passing through placenta and infects fetus
How does the infant acquire HSV-2?
If the mother has blisters at the time of delivery and passing it to her newborn
How can you get shingles?
Only if you have had chicken pox in the past
Can you get shingles from someone else?
No because it’s a reactivation of your chicken pox virus from the past
( some information to know, you get chicken pox first if you were to get infected, then later in your life you can get shingles )
