Adaptive/specific Immunity Part 2 Flashcards
What is cell mediated immune system? Cells?
T lymphocytes
Where does T cells originate?
Bone marrow
Where does T lymphocytes mature?
Thymus
What does T lymphocytes mainly combat?
Intracellular pathogens
Once the T cells leaves the thymus, where does it migrate to?
Secondary lymphoid tissues
Once it’s at the secondary lymphoid tissue, it encounters what?
Antigens
What is the function of cell mediated immune system?
Intracellular pathogens
Cancer cells
T cells with antigen specific TCR encounters antigens, it helps stimulate what? And activates?
Proliferation
Antigen specific T cells
T cells recognize antigen when it is already processed and presented to them by?
Antigen presenting cells ( APC )
What are the 2 main classes of T cells?
Helper T cells
Cytotoxic T cells
What’s another name for Helper T cells?
CD4+
Cytotoxic T cells are also called ?
CD8+
What’s the function of helper T cells ( CD4+ )
The commander in chief !
Help B cells and other T cells to react
What is the function of cytotoxic T cells ( CD8+ )?
Killer cells
Who’s the boss? Helper T cells ( CD4+ ) or cytotoxic T cells ( CD8+ )?
Helper T cells
Who’s the killer ? Helper T cells ( CD4+ ) or cytotoxic T cells ( CD8+ )?
Cytotoxic T cells ( CD8+ )
If someone kills CD4+, what is going to happen with CD8+?
You start dying, cause you don’t have the “ commander in chief “
What’s the most famous virus that kills helper T cells? And starts?
HIV
Starts AIDS
Activation of a T cell requires Antigen/MHC complex +, a second signal that can only be given by a ?
Professional APC
What are professional APC ( antigen presenting cell )? Examples (3)
Dendritic cells
B cells
Macrophages
B cells and macrophages must be what and by what in order to be professional APCS?
Must be Activated
By antigens
What does MHC mean?
Major histocompatability complex
T cells must recognize antigens that contain and cell surface protein called marker ?
Yes
Major histocompatibility complex
Are MHC molecules unique to each person?
Yes
Does the MHC molecules tell the body what are their cells and what isn’t?
Yes
T cells can ONLY see antigen when displayed with MHC molecules?
YES ONLY!
How does helper T cells help out Activation of B cells?
MHC class 2
Activate T cells proliferation & secretes cytokines
Helper T cell activate Bcells
CTLS is?
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
CD8+ recognize antigen presented in associated with what class?
MHC class 1
What does CD8+ produce?
Perforin
What does perforin do?
A chemical that Lyses cells
What is primary immune response?(4)
( encounter with what? What’s first, and follows and finally makes ?)
First encounter with specific antigen
IGM is first to be produced
IGG next
Memory cells are made
What is secondary immune response? And is responsible for
Repeat encounter with the same antigen ( naturally or artificially ) is responsible for memory
What does the secondary immune response promote? (3)
- stimulation of memory cells
- increased levels of IGG
- response stronger, faster and more specific
Intensity of the antibody mediated immune response can be measured by the?
Antibody titer
What is antibody titer?
Amount of antibody in serum
