Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 101 > Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea > Flashcards

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Biology flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

In latin, which word means poison?

A

Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Non-living and smaller than 200 nanometers are two characteristics of what thing?

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which organism is always adapting and evolving, which makes vaccines ineffective?

A

Viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which virus was the first virus that had a picture taken of it?

A

Tobacco mosaic virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This was the 2012 corona virus and has a 36% viral lethality. Which of these four viruses is it: COVID-19, seasonal flu, SARS, or Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus

A

Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

As of March 2020, this virus lethality was 2.3% but it is now 1.0%. Which of these four viruses is it: COVID-19, seasonal flu, SARS, or Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus

A

COVID-19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This viral lethality is 0.1%. Which of these four viruses is it: COVID-19, seasonal flu, SARS, or Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus

A

Seasonal flu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In 2002, this viral lethality was 9-10%. Which of these four viruses is it: COVID-19, seasonal flu, SARS, or Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus

A

SARS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type of nucleic acid, size and shape, how it infects host, and the protein and spikes on membrane or capsid are the four ways of what?

A

How a virus is named

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is found only in viruses?

A

Capsids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

An envelope embedded with spikes or protein capsid embedded with viral spikes, a core of DNA or RNA, capsid and/or bilayer membrane, and three to a few hundred genes are characteristics of what?

A

Viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do viruses infect prokaryotic, eukaryotic, or both cells?

A

Both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The four things a virus takes from the host:

A

Enzymes, tRNA, ATP, and ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many genes does HIV have?

A

9 genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Viruses are what parasites and are they host specific?

A

Intracellular and yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many types of entry binding spikes are there for viruses? What is the letter used for it?

A

18 types, H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many types of exit binding spikes are there for viruses? What is the letter used for it?

A

11 types, N

15
Q

H5N1 is what virus?

A

Bird Flu

16
Q

The immune system makes what after realizing the H and N spikes it has been exposed to?

A

Antibodies

17
Q

What are the two domains of prokaryotes?

A

Bacteria and archaea

18
Q

What first evolved 3.5-4.0 million years ago?

A

Prokaryotes

19
Q

No nucleus or membrane bound organelles is a characteristic of what?

A

Prokaryotes

20
Q

This domain has a rigid cell wall, a slime layer capsule, plasma membrane, and some have flagella.

A

Bacteria

21
Q

There are how many species of bacteria on the skin?

A

182 species

22
Q

The ratio of cells to bacterial cells is 10:1?

A

Yes

23
Q

What are the three bacteria shapes?

A

Cocci, spirilla, and bacilli

23
Q

Salmonella, meningitis, chlamydia, anthrax, pneumonia, and botulism are all examples of what?

A

Bacterial illnesses

24
Q

Two genera of cyanobacteria are what?

A

Oscillatoria and anabaena

25
Q

Photosynthetic bacteria, live in water, soil, moist surfaces, form partnerships with other organisms, and filled atmosphere with oxygen 2.4 – 2.1 bya are examples of what?

A

Cyanobacteria

26
Q

When cyanobacteria die and decompose, they use up what in the water?

A

Oxygen

27
Q

Nitrates and phosphates wash into waterways?

A

Yes

28
Q

How many species of bacteria are there?

A

9,000 species but could be up to tens of millions

29
Q

When was the first fossil of bacteria recorded?

A

3.5 bya

30
Q

How many species of archaea are there?

A

209 species

31
Q

Any any archaea harmful?

A

No

32
Q

Thermophiles, thermoacidophiles, and halophiles are three types of what?

A

Extremophiles

33
Q

Halophiles love what?

A

Salt

34
Q

What are two types of archaea?

A

Extremophiles and methanogens

35
Q

Thermoacidophiles and thermophiles live in temperatures above what?

A

80 degrees Celsius or 176 degrees F

36
Q

What are symbioses?

A

Organisms that form partnerships with other organisms

37
Q

What are two examples of symbioses?

A

Sponges and sea cucumbers

Biology 101 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions