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Biology 101 > Fungi and Plants > Flashcards

Fungi and Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

Myco means what?

A

Fungi

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2
Q

Which four kingdoms are in the Eukarya domain?

A

Protists, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia

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3
Q

What is the order of these fungi from furthest to closest common ancestors? AM fungi, chytrids, club fungi, sac fungi, and zygospore fungi

A

Chytrids, zygospore fungi, AM fungi, sac fungi, and club fungi

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4
Q

What does sapotrophic mean?

A

Heterotrophic via absoprtion

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5
Q

Fungi can have asexual reproduction by three things or sexual reproduction by what?

A

Asexual – Fragmentation, budding, and spores
Sexual – Spores

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6
Q

Forms symbiotic relationships with other organisms, decomposers, sapotrophic, and and most are multi-cellular are characteristics of what kingdom?

A

Fungi

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7
Q

Where does the mycelium grow? The part that grows above ground is for what?

A

Underground portion of fungi and reproduction

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8
Q

The armillaria ostoyae’s common name is what?

A

Honey mushroom

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9
Q

The homey mushroom growing in Malheur National Forest, Oregon has been growing for 8,650 years. It weights how many tons?

A

35,000 tons

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10
Q

Honey mushroom is 8.9 km^2. That amounts to what miles squared or how many acres?

A

3.5 miles^2 or 2,200 acres

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11
Q

The phylum Zygomycota is part of what kingdom? What is its common name?

A

Fungi and the bread molds

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12
Q

How many species of the phylum zygomycota are there? What is an example and what is the common name?

A

1,060 species and rhizopus stolonifer/black bread mold

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13
Q

The phylum Ascomycota is part of what kingdom? What is its common name and what are they categorized as?

A

Fungi and sac fungi. Commonly known as the molds and mildews

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14
Q

How many species of the phylum ascomycota are there? What is an example and what does it do?

A

64,000 species and penicillium roqueforti, which gives blue cheese its flavor

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15
Q

The phylum Basidiomycota is part of what kingdom? What is its common name and what are they known as?

A

Fungi and club fungi. Commonly known as mushrooms and toadstools

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16
Q

How many species of the phylum Basidiomycota are there?

A

31,515 species

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17
Q

Two examples of symbiotic fungi are what?

A

Lichens and mycorrhizae

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18
Q

Mycorrhizae is a relationship between fungi and what?

A

Plants

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19
Q

What does mycorrhizae mean?

A

Fungus roots

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20
Q

Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between what phylum of fungi and what bacteria?

A

Ascomycota, or molds and mildews, and cyanobacteria

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21
Q

Death angel, destroying angel, death cap, and fool’s mushroom are four examples of what type of mushroom?

A

Deadly fungi

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22
Q

95% of fatalities from this fungi are from what genus? How many species are there?

A

Amanita and about 600 species

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23
Q

Psychedelic mushrooms, or shrooms, are in what genus? How many species are there?

A

Psilocybin and 190 species

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24
Q

The four major groups of plants:

A

Gymnosperms, angiosperms, seedless vascular plants, and nonvascular land plants

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25
Q

Which two groups of plants are seed vascular plants?

A

Angiosperms and gymnosperms

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26
Q

What transports water and minerals?

A

Xylem

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27
Q

What transports sugars, hormones, RNAs, organic molecules, and etc?

A

Phloem

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28
Q

The xylem and phloem are found in vascular or nonvascular plants?

A

Vascular plants

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29
Q

Does the xylem or phloem have two-way movement?

A

Phloem

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30
Q

What is a cotyledon?

A

Seed leaf

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31
Q

What group of plants are naked seeds and produces a cone to reproduce?

A

Gymnosperms

32
Q

What group of plants are vessel seeds and are flowering plants?

A

Angiosperms

33
Q

Two cotyledons are called what two things?

A

Dicots or eudicots

34
Q

What evolved 600 mya from green algae?

A

Nonvascular plants

34
Q

What supplies the nutrition a plant embryo needs to germinate and become established as a photosynthetic organism?

A

Cotyledons

35
Q

Must live near water or a moist environment, 600 mya, have spores, and lack true roots, stems, and leaves are four characteristics of what plants?

A

Nonvascular plants

36
Q

The phylum Bryophyta has how many species? 15,000, 9,000, or 200?

A

15,000 species

37
Q

The phylum Marchantiophyta has how many species? 15,000, 9,000, or 200?

A

9,000 species

38
Q

The phylum Anthocerophyta has how many species? 15,000, 9,000, or 200?

A

200 species

39
Q

The phylum Bryophyta contains what type of plants?

A

Mosses

40
Q

The phylum Marchantiophyta contains what type of plants?

A

Liverworts

41
Q

The phylum Anthocerophyta contains what type of plants?

A

Hornworts

42
Q

Seedless vascular plants contains what two things?

A

Ferns and fern “allies”

43
Q

Must live near water or a moist environment, 400 mya, have spores, and have true roots, stems, and leaves are four characteristics of what plants?

A

Seedless vascular plants or fern and fern “allies”

44
Q

Nonvascular plants are also called what?

A

Bryophytes

45
Q

What phylum is the oldest group of vascular plants?

A

Lycophyta

46
Q

The phylum lycophyta is full of what type of mosses?

A

Club mosses

47
Q

The phylum lycophyta has how many genera and species?

A

5 genera and 1,150 species

48
Q

The phylum monilophyta has what three plants?

A

Whisk ferns, horse tails, and ferns

49
Q

Whisk ferns have how many genera and species?

A

2 genera and 17 species

50
Q

Horse tails have how many genera and species?

A

1 genus and 15 species

51
Q

Ferns have how many genera and species?

A

230 genera and 11,000 species

52
Q

Lycopodium and selagnella are two examples of what phylum?

A

Lycophyta

53
Q

Psilotum is an example of what plant?

A

Whisk ferns

54
Q

Equistum is an example of what plant?

A

Horse tails

55
Q

What is sorus (sori)?

A

Cluster of spore-producing receptacles on the underside of a fern frond

56
Q

What plants have seeds, xylem & phloem, and fully adapted to land; no water needed to reproduce?

A

Seeds plants or angiosperms/gymnosperms

57
Q

What three parts does the seed have?

A

Seed coat, embryo, and food supply/endosperm

58
Q

What is the largest phyla of the gymnosperm?

A

Conifers, or pinophyta

58
Q

What are the four phyla for gymnosperms? How many species total?

A

Conifers, cycads, gnetophytes, and Ginkgo. 786 species

59
Q

How are angiosperms split?

A

Monocotyledonous or eudicotyledonous

59
Q

What is the phylum name for conifers?

A

Pinophyta

60
Q

Juniper, cypresses, firs, pines, redwoods, spruces, larches, hemlocks, yews, and boxwoods are examples of what phylum?

A

Pinophyta

61
Q

What is the common name of the pinus longaeva?

A

Bristlecone pine

62
Q

What is the phylum name for the cycads?

A

Cycadophyta

63
Q

Where are the cycadophyta plants found?

A

Mainly tropical or hot places

64
Q

Ephaedra and welwitschia mirabilis are two examples of what phylum?

A

Gnetophyta

65
Q

The phylum Ginkgophyta has one species and is known as a living fossil because it is how old and what is its name?

A

270 mya and Ginkgo biloba

66
Q

All angiosperms are in what phylum?

A

Anthophyta

67
Q

How many monocotyledon species are there? 65,000 or 1750,000?

A

65,000 species

68
Q

How many eudicotyledon species are there? 65,000 or 1750,000?

A

175,000 species

68
Q

Cactus, dandelion, beans, poplars, and strawberries are examples of what?

A

Eudicotyledons

69
Q

Corn, wheat, rice, tulips, bamboo, orchids, and grasses are examples of what?

A

Monocotyledons

70
Q

The pistil has what three parts? Which sex does it belong to

A

Stigma, style, and ovary. Female

71
Q

The stamen has what two parts? Which sex does it belong to?

A

Anther and filament. Male

72
Q

What becomes the seed in a flowering plant?

A

Ovule

73
Q

What carries plant sperm cells?

A

Pollen

Biology 101 (17 decks)

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