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Biology 101 > Fungi and Plants > Flashcards

Fungi and Plants Flashcards

1
Q

Myco means what?

A

Fungi

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2
Q

Which four kingdoms are in the Eukarya domain?

A

Protists, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia

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3
Q

What is the order of these fungi from furthest to closest common ancestors? AM fungi, chytrids, club fungi, sac fungi, and zygospore fungi

A

Chytrids, zygospore fungi, AM fungi, sac fungi, and club fungi

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4
Q

What does sapotrophic mean?

A

Heterotrophic via absoprtion

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5
Q

Fungi can have asexual reproduction by three things or sexual reproduction by what?

A

Asexual – Fragmentation, budding, and spores
Sexual – Spores

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6
Q

Forms symbiotic relationships with other organisms, decomposers, sapotrophic, and and most are multi-cellular are characteristics of what kingdom?

A

Fungi

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7
Q

Where does the mycelium grow? The part that grows above ground is for what?

A

Underground portion of fungi and reproduction

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8
Q

The armillaria ostoyae’s common name is what?

A

Honey mushroom

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9
Q

The homey mushroom growing in Malheur National Forest, Oregon has been growing for 8,650 years. It weights how many tons?

A

35,000 tons

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10
Q

Honey mushroom is 8.9 km^2. That amounts to what miles squared or how many acres?

A

3.5 miles^2 or 2,200 acres

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11
Q

The phylum Zygomycota is part of what kingdom? What is its common name?

A

Fungi and the bread molds

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12
Q

How many species of the phylum zygomycota are there? What is an example and what is the common name?

A

1,060 species and rhizopus stolonifer/black bread mold

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13
Q

The phylum Ascomycota is part of what kingdom? What is its common name and what are they categorized as?

A

Fungi and sac fungi. Commonly known as the molds and mildews

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14
Q

How many species of the phylum ascomycota are there? What is an example and what does it do?

A

64,000 species and penicillium roqueforti, which gives blue cheese its flavor

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15
Q

The phylum Basidiomycota is part of what kingdom? What is its common name and what are they known as?

A

Fungi and club fungi. Commonly known as mushrooms and toadstools

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16
Q

How many species of the phylum Basidiomycota are there?

A

31,515 species

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17
Q

Two examples of symbiotic fungi are what?

A

Lichens and mycorrhizae

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18
Q

Mycorrhizae is a relationship between fungi and what?

A

Plants

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19
Q

What does mycorrhizae mean?

A

Fungus roots

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20
Q

Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between what phylum of fungi and what bacteria?

A

Ascomycota, or molds and mildews, and cyanobacteria

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21
Q

Death angel, destroying angel, death cap, and fool’s mushroom are four examples of what type of mushroom?

A

Deadly fungi

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22
Q

95% of fatalities from this fungi are from what genus? How many species are there?

A

Amanita and about 600 species

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23
Q

Psychedelic mushrooms, or shrooms, are in what genus? How many species are there?

A

Psilocybin and 190 species

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24
Q

The four major groups of plants:

A

Gymnosperms, angiosperms, seedless vascular plants, and nonvascular land plants

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25
Which two groups of plants are seed vascular plants?
Angiosperms and gymnosperms
26
What transports water and minerals?
Xylem
27
What transports sugars, hormones, RNAs, organic molecules, and etc?
Phloem
28
The xylem and phloem are found in vascular or nonvascular plants?
Vascular plants
29
Does the xylem or phloem have two-way movement?
Phloem
30
What is a cotyledon?
Seed leaf
31
What group of plants are naked seeds and produces a cone to reproduce?
Gymnosperms
32
What group of plants are vessel seeds and are flowering plants?
Angiosperms
33
Two cotyledons are called what two things?
Dicots or eudicots
34
What evolved 600 mya from green algae?
Nonvascular plants
34
What supplies the nutrition a plant embryo needs to germinate and become established as a photosynthetic organism?
Cotyledons
35
Must live near water or a moist environment, 600 mya, have spores, and lack true roots, stems, and leaves are four characteristics of what plants?
Nonvascular plants
36
The phylum Bryophyta has how many species? 15,000, 9,000, or 200?
15,000 species
37
The phylum Marchantiophyta has how many species? 15,000, 9,000, or 200?
9,000 species
38
The phylum Anthocerophyta has how many species? 15,000, 9,000, or 200?
200 species
39
The phylum Bryophyta contains what type of plants?
Mosses
40
The phylum Marchantiophyta contains what type of plants?
Liverworts
41
The phylum Anthocerophyta contains what type of plants?
Hornworts
42
Seedless vascular plants contains what two things?
Ferns and fern "allies"
43
Must live near water or a moist environment, 400 mya, have spores, and have true roots, stems, and leaves are four characteristics of what plants?
Seedless vascular plants or fern and fern "allies"
44
Nonvascular plants are also called what?
Bryophytes
45
What phylum is the oldest group of vascular plants?
Lycophyta
46
The phylum lycophyta is full of what type of mosses?
Club mosses
47
The phylum lycophyta has how many genera and species?
5 genera and 1,150 species
48
The phylum monilophyta has what three plants?
Whisk ferns, horse tails, and ferns
49
Whisk ferns have how many genera and species?
2 genera and 17 species
50
Horse tails have how many genera and species?
1 genus and 15 species
51
Ferns have how many genera and species?
230 genera and 11,000 species
52
Lycopodium and selagnella are two examples of what phylum?
Lycophyta
53
Psilotum is an example of what plant?
Whisk ferns
54
Equistum is an example of what plant?
Horse tails
55
What is sorus (sori)?
Cluster of spore-producing receptacles on the underside of a fern frond
56
What plants have seeds, xylem & phloem, and fully adapted to land; no water needed to reproduce?
Seeds plants or angiosperms/gymnosperms
57
What three parts does the seed have?
Seed coat, embryo, and food supply/endosperm
58
What is the largest phyla of the gymnosperm?
Conifers, or pinophyta
58
What are the four phyla for gymnosperms? How many species total?
Conifers, cycads, gnetophytes, and Ginkgo. 786 species
59
How are angiosperms split?
Monocotyledonous or eudicotyledonous
59
What is the phylum name for conifers?
Pinophyta
60
Juniper, cypresses, firs, pines, redwoods, spruces, larches, hemlocks, yews, and boxwoods are examples of what phylum?
Pinophyta
61
What is the common name of the pinus longaeva?
Bristlecone pine
62
What is the phylum name for the cycads?
Cycadophyta
63
Where are the cycadophyta plants found?
Mainly tropical or hot places
64
Ephaedra and welwitschia mirabilis are two examples of what phylum?
Gnetophyta
65
The phylum Ginkgophyta has one species and is known as a living fossil because it is how old and what is its name?
270 mya and Ginkgo biloba
66
All angiosperms are in what phylum?
Anthophyta
67
How many monocotyledon species are there? 65,000 or 1750,000?
65,000 species
68
How many eudicotyledon species are there? 65,000 or 1750,000?
175,000 species
68
Cactus, dandelion, beans, poplars, and strawberries are examples of what?
Eudicotyledons
69
Corn, wheat, rice, tulips, bamboo, orchids, and grasses are examples of what?
Monocotyledons
70
The pistil has what three parts? Which sex does it belong to
Stigma, style, and ovary. Female
71
The stamen has what two parts? Which sex does it belong to?
Anther and filament. Male
72
What becomes the seed in a flowering plant?
Ovule
73
What carries plant sperm cells?
Pollen

Biology 101 (17 decks)

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