How Cells Acquire and Release Stored Energy Flashcards
Does energy flow from consumers to producers or producers to consumers?
Producers to consumers
Plants, algae, and some bacteria are all capable of what?
Photosynthesis
Bacteria use what two things to make a carbohydrate for photosynthesis?
Sunlight energy and water
44% visible light, 52% infrared, and 4% ultraviolet is the percentage of what light?
Sunlight
Sunlight consists of what?
Photons
400-700 nanometers is what light?
Visible light
Highly structured, membrane-rich organelles are?
Chloroplasts
Plant pigments absorb the energy in what?
Light
Do pigments both absorb and reflect light energy?
Yes
What is the most important chlorophyll? What percentage?
Chlorophyll a, 75%
What is orange, yellow in color?
Carotenoids
What chlorophyll makes plants appear green?
Chlorophyll a
What are two examples of carotenoids?
Carotenes and xanthophylls
Is chlorophyll b an accessory pigment?
Yes
Accessory pigments help what absorb light energy?
Chlorophyll a
What is adenosine?
Adenine and ribose
The universal energy molecule that is also a modified nucleotide is what?
ATP
What are the two parts of photosynthesis?
Light reaction and the CBB cycle
What part of photosynthesis occurs on the chlorophyll and accessory pigment molecules that absorb energy in light waves?
Light reaction
The pigment molecules used for the light reaction are concentrated on the surface of what?
Thylakoid membranes
In the light energy, light is used to split H2O. Oxygen from the water is released as what while hydrogen becomes an energy source for part 2 as it travels on what carrier molecule?
Waste and NADPH
The electrons from water in the light reaction are used to make what?
ATP
How many electrons, hydrogens, and oxygens are released after water is split?
2 electrons, 2 hydrogens, and 1 oxygen
The 2 hydrogens and ATP created in the light reaction are used to make what from CO2 in the second part?
Carbohydrates