Microevolution Flashcards
What is an allele?
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene
What is a phenotype?
The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
What is a genotype?
The genetic constitution of an individual organism
What is a gene pool?
The sum of all alleles in a population
Is phenotype or genotype observable? Which is genetic information?
Observable – Phenotype
Genetic Information – Genotype
Populations exhibit allelic, or what, variation?
Genetic
What is microevolution?
The generation-to-generation changes in allele frequency within a population.
What is the smallest evolution scale?
Microevolution
What are the five causes of microevolution?
Mutation, gene flow, nonrandom mating, genetic drift, and selection
What is mutation?
Changes the proportions of specific alleles in a population
What is the least important factor in microevolution and has very low rates?
Mutation
The ultimate source of genetic variation is what?
Mutation
What is gene flow?
Changes in allele (gene) frequency due to immigration or emigration into or out of the gene pool/population.
A mutated gene leads to what two types of proteins?
No protein or abnormal protein
What is nonrandom mating?
Individuals with certain genotypes sometimes mate with one another more commonly than is expected on a random basis