Viruses Flashcards
Describe why viruses can not be described as cells.
Cannot replicate independently of a host cell
What are the 3 types of virus shapes?
Icosahedral - 20 equilateral triangle faces
Helical
Complex
Most viruses have tissue tropism. What does this mean?
Specific host range
Only infect specific type of host cell
What is the name given to the extracellular form of a virus?
Virion
Describe the structure of a virion.
Nucleic acid genome and associated polymerases surrounded by protein capsid (coat)
This is surrounded by a lipid envelope (sometimes) with attachment proteins
How does a virus synthesise it’s protein coat?
It doesn’t
It steals it from the host cell that produced it
What are the 3 routes of transmission for HIV?
Blood-borne
Sexual
Vertical
What other viral infection has the same transmission routes as HIV?
Hepatitis B
Aside from HIV and Hep B, what virus is transmitted via blood?
Hepatitis C
What viruses are transmitted via the faecal-oral route?
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis E
Polio
What viruses can be caught via droplet infection?
Influenza
RSV (Respiratory syncytial virus)
What is the method of transmission of measles?
Airborne
Aside from measles, what other virus undergoes airborne transmission?
Chickenpox
Herpes simplex, CMV and EBV are transmitted through what?
Close contact
Vector borne viruses are spread by bugs. Give 3 examples of vector borne viruses, and what insect spreads them.
Dengue
Yellow fever
Chikungunya
All 3 spread by mosquitoes