Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Principles of dizzees > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What genetic material is found inside a bacterium?

A

Single chromosome

No nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What colour will Gram positive and gram negative bacteria show, when stained?

A

Positive = Purple

Negative = Red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the differences in the structure of Gram positive and negative bacteria?

A

Positive - thick peptidoglycan (murein) wall

Negative - thin peptidoglycan (murein) wall + outer membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the outer membrane made of, in gram negative bacteria?

A

Lipopolysaccharides + proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In a bacterial cell, what separates the inner membrane from the peptidoglycan wall?

A

Periplasmic space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What shape does ‘cocci’ signify?

A

Spherical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What shape does ‘bacilli’ mean?

A

Rod shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What purpose does the murein / peptidoglycan wall serve?

A

Strength and shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What protein molecules are present on the surface of bacteria, that are involved with forming cross links?

A

Penicillin binding proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What surface feature gives bacteria motility?

A

Flagellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What surface feature is used by bacteria to attach to cells?

A

Fimbriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the purpose of capsules?

A

Prevents the bacterium from being engulfed by phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does monotrichous mean?

A

Single flagellum on bacterial cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does Peritrichous mean?

A

Flagella all over the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does Amphitrichous mean?

A

Flagella on both sides of the bacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Lophotrichous mean?

A

Tuft of flagella from one place on bacterium

17
Q

What is the basic purpose of spores?

A

Contains protected ‘version’ of bacterium + nutrients which can grow later

18
Q

What are plasmids?

A

Circular loops of DNA

Not in the chromosome

19
Q

Plasmids can be transferred from one bacterial cell to another. What structure allows this to take place?

A

Pillus

20
Q

In terms of plasmid transfer, what is a promiscuous bacterium?

A

One that can pass a plasmid to either a gram positive or gram negative bacterial cell

21
Q

What is the name given to the gene transfer using pillus’s and plasmids?

A

Conjugation

22
Q

How do bacterial cells replicate?

A

Binary fission

23
Q

What are the 3 ways that bacteria transfer DNA?

A

Conjugation
Transformation
Transduction

24
Q

What is transformation?

A

When a bacteria is surrounded by DNA, it takes up some of the DNA hat contains advantageous genes

25
Q

Bacteriophages attach to bacterium using what two features?

A

End plate

Tail fibres

26
Q

Describe the structure of a bacteriophage.

A 
Head
Collar
]Tail 
End plate 
Tail fibres

(+genetic info etc)

27
Q

What two things make up the names of strains of bacteria?

A

Genus and species

Principles of dizzees (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions