Adverse drug reactions

Question 1

What is an adverse drug reaction?

Answer 1

Noxious and unintended response to drug

At a dosage used in prophylaxis, diagnosis or treatment

Question 2

What are the 3 types of time delay for the onset of an ADR?

Adverse drug reaction

Answer 2

Acute

Sub-acute

Latent

Question 3

What are the characteristics and common reactions of each type of onset time delay?

Answer 3

Acute

• within 60 minutes
• bronchoconstriction

Sub-acute

• between an hour and a day
• Rash or serum-sickness

Latent

• over 2 days
• Eczematous eruption

Question 4

How is the severity of an ADR classified?

Answer 4

Mild
Moderate
Severe

Question 5

What are the classes of ADR’s?

Type A-F

Answer 5

A - Augmented
B - Bizarre
C - Chronic 
D - Delayed 
E - End of treatment 
F - Failure of treatment

Question 6

What are potential causes of ADR’s?

Answer 6

Multiple drug therapies affecting each other

Inter-current disease

Race/Genetic polymorphisms

Age

Sex

Question 7

What is the main cause of a type A ADR?

Answer 7

Too high a dosage

Question 8

Pharmacokinetics refers to the _____ of a drug

Answer 8

Movement (within the body)

Question 9

What is pharmacogenetics concerned with?

Answer 9

Differences in how drugs are metabolised due to genetic differences between people

Question 10

Pharmacodynamics is the…

Answer 10

Mechanisms of action, and effects of a drug

Question 11

What is an idiosyncratic response to a drug?

Answer 11

Inherent abnormal response

Due to genetic abnormality