Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

you’re pretty fly for a

A

Fungi

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2
Q

What is a fungus?

A

Chemo-organotrophic

eukaryote

that forms spores

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3
Q

What are the differences between plant cells and fungal cells?

A

Fungal cells do not contain chlorophyll - they do not photosynthesise

Fungal cell walls contain ergosterol (this is important in antimicrobial chemo topic) whereas plant cell walls do not

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4
Q

What is the cell wall of fungal cells made from?

A

Chitin or glucan

Which are polysaccharides

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5
Q

What are different species of fungi generally classed based on?

A

Morphology (shape)

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6
Q

What are the 3 groups of fungi?

(Not shapes)

(BAZ)

A

Basidiomycetes - mushrooms

Ascomycetes - yeasts

Zygomycetes - mould

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7
Q

Fungi produce two different spores, what are these?

A

Sexual spore and asexual spore

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8
Q

Candida is an important group of fungi that is pathogenic to humans.

What type of fungi is it?

A

Ascomycete

yeast

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9
Q

What is the shape/structure of basidiomycetes? (mushroom)

A

Bullet shape

Basidiospores are outside the cell, attached via sterigmata

2 sections: Basidium + Hypha

Sections separated by the septum

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10
Q

What is the shape/structure of ascomycetes? (Yeasts)

A

Looks a bit like a spaceship

Ascospores contain inside the cell, in an Ascus (sac)

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11
Q

Describe the structure/shape of zygomycetes (moulds).

A

Looks like a TIE fighter from star wars (H shape)

Rough wall

One or more zygospores contained in the centre

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12
Q

Describe how reproduction of yeast cells (ascomycetes) through budding works…

A

Bud begins to form off original yeast cell

Bud grows

Once bud is the same size as the mother cell, it splits off as a new yeast cell

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13
Q

Generally, what time frame does budding repeat over for yeast cells?

A

Usually takes place every 2 hours

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14
Q

Why do many fungi species thrive on the skin and nails?

A

Dermatophyes

Abundance of keratin

Can utilise it as a food source

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15
Q

What is the sexual spore of ascomycetes?

A

Ascospores

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16
Q

What is the asexual spore of zygomycetes?

A

Sporangiospores

17
Q

What is the sexual spore of basidiomycetes?

A

Basidiospores

18
Q

What is the sexual spore of zygomycetes?

A

Zygospore

19
Q

What is the asexual spore of ascomycetes?

A

Conidium

20
Q

What is the asexual spore of basidiomycetes?

A

Conidium

21
Q

What are important pathogenic species of zygomycetes (moulds)

A

Mucor

Rhizopus

22
Q

Trichophyton, epidermophyton and microsporum are responsible for causing what?

A

Athletes foot

These are all types of ascomycetes - yeasts

23
Q

What is Candida responsible for causing?

A

Thrush

24
Q

What clinically important species of basidiomycetes are there?

A

Cryptococcus - this causes Cryptococcus neoformans

Malassezia - causes Pityriasis versicolor