viruses Flashcards
explain the difficulty in describing viruses as living
non cellular
name two harmful viruses
common cold
coronavirus
give one way in which viruses can be beneficial to humans
vaccine production
give two ways in which the general defence system works to defend against viruses and two ways in which the specific defence system defends against viruses
general - skin acts as a barrier, mucus traps pathogens
specific - produce antibodies, memory cells recognise virus
explain vaccination
administration of a non disease causing dose of a pathogen, stimulates production of antibodies
name any two shapes of viruses
round, rod
name an organ specific to the immune system
spleen
explain why viruses are described as obligate parasites
cannot replicate by themselves
give one example of a beneficial application of a virus
production of vaccines
name the main components of a virus
protein
DNA
why can viruses be described as obligate parasites
cannot replicate by themselves
describe how virus particles can infect and replicate in host cells
attachment of virus to host cell
entry of DNA or RNA
uses host structures to replicates viral parts
name the two types of induced immunity
active
passive
give one difference between the types of induced immunity
active is longer lasting then passive
