the skeleton and muscles

Question 1

give two functions of the skeleton

Answer 1

-support
-protection of internal organs

Question 2

name any two bones of the avial skeleton

Answer 2

-skull
-ribs

Question 4

name the biomolecule that is the main component of cartilage

Answer 4

protein

Question 5

the innominate bones are part of the appendicular skeleton. what are these bones commonly known as

Answer 5

pelvis

Question 6

explain the term antagonistic muscle pair

Answer 6

muscles with opposing effects

Question 7

give one example of an antagonistic pair of muscles in the human body

Answer 7

biceps

Question 8

name the connective tissue that joins muscles to bones

Answer 8

tendon

Question 9

name the type of bone cell that lays down new bone

Answer 9

osteoblast

Question 10

give two factors that affect bone renewal

Answer 10

-excercise
-hormones

Question 11

name a type of joint in the human body and give its location

Answer 11

ball and socket - shoulder

Question 12

name one type of synovial joint and give one location in the body where it is found

Answer 12

hinge - knee

Question 13

name the structure that connects two bones in a joint

Answer 13

ligament

Question 14

give one function of cartilage

Answer 14

shock absorber

Question 15

give one function of compact bone

Answer 15

strength

Question 16

spongy bone contains bony bars and plates separated by irregular spaces. name the tissue that fills these spaces and give one function of this tissue

Answer 16

bone marrow - makes blood cells

Question 17

give one possible cause for arthritis

Answer 17

wear and tear of cartilage

Question 18

explain the term carpal

Answer 18

bones in the wrist

Question 19

explain the term tarsal

Answer 19

bones in the ankle or heel

Question 20

explain the term tendon

Answer 20

connects muscle to bone

Question 21

explain the term ligament

Answer 21

connects bone to bone

Question 22

explain the term biceps

Answer 22

muscle contracts to bend arm

Question 23

explain the term triceps

Answer 23

muscle contracts to straighten arm

Question 24

explain the term osteoblasts

Answer 24

cell that builds up bone

Question 25

explain the term osteoclast

Answer 25

cell that breaks down bone

Question 26

explain the term axial skeleton

Answer 26

skull and vertebrae

Question 27

explain the term appendicular skeleton

Answer 27

limbs

Question 28

name the two main parts of the appendicular skeleton, to which the lies are attached

Answer 28

-pectoral girdle
-pelvis

Question 29

name two types of bones that make up the foot

Answer 29

-tarsals
-metatarsals

Question 30

name an antagonistic muscle pair in the human body

Answer 30

biceps and triceps

Question 31

describe in full how this antagonistic muscle pair works

Answer 31

-biceps contract to flex the arm
-triceps contract to extend the arm

Question 32

there are five regions in the vertebral column. name any two of these regions and state how many bones are found in each named region

Answer 32

cervical-7
thoracic-12

Question 33

what are the intervertebral discs made of and what is their function

Answer 33

cartilage - shock absorber

Question 34

give a function of yellow marrow

Answer 34

stores fat

Question 35

give a function of red marrow

Answer 35

makes blood cells

Question 36

where are the discs in the human backbone

Answer 36

between the vertebrae