Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

biology > ecology > Flashcards

ecology Flashcards

(93 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

give a brief biological explanation - food chains are limited in length

A

low amount of energy passed on at each trophic level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

give a brief biological explanation - there is always competition between members of a species

A

resources are limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

explain each of the following terms - ecosystem

A

organisms and their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

explain each of the following terms - habitat

A

a place within the ecosystem where an organism lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

explain each of the following terms - niche

A

a functional role it plays in the community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name the type of ecological relationship that exists between ash trees and the pathogen that caused ash dieback(2023)

A

parasitism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

from the passage, or otherwise, state a way that ecologists could ensure the survival phase of ash trees in ireland(2023)

A

diversifying species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

write down a food chain based on the information given in the passage above(2023)

A

ash-moth-robin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

suggest two possible effects on the ecosystem if all as he trees in Ireland died(2023)

A

moth population falls, robin population falls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name the type of ecological relationship that exists between the robin and the moth(2023)

A

predation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

explain the importance of this type of ecological relationship in nature(2023)

A

population control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the the main events of the nitrogen cycle

A

-nitrogen(gas) to usable compounds
-plant protein to animal protein
-waste releasing N compounds
-decomposers releases N compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe the main events of the carbon cycle

A

-carbon dioxide is fixed into plant carbohydrate
-plant carbohydrate to animal carbohydrate
-living organisms releases carbon dioxide
decay of organisms release carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

explain the term ecology

A

the study of how living things relate to each other and their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

explain the term population

A

all members of the same species living in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

explain the term community

A

population of different species of organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

explain the term parasite

A

an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species causing harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

explain the term saprophyte

A

an organism that feeds on dead organic matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

explain the term qualitative

A

where the presence of absence of a species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

explain the term quantitative

A

where the number of organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

explain the term nutrient recycling

A

elements are exchanged between living sonf non-living components of an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

name two nutrient cycles found in nature

A

carbon, nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

from the information in the passage, name on abiotic factor and one biotic factor that could be causing a reduction in trout numbers(2022 deferred)

A

abiotic-temperature
biotic-otters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what type of nutrition do trout demonstrate(2022 deferred)

A

heterotrophic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what type of ecological relationship exists between trout and otters(2022 deferred)
predator-prey
26
suggest one effect that fewer numbers of trout may have on otters(2022 deferred)
otter population falls
27
from the text, or otherwise, suggest one behavioural adaption that trout possess(2022 deferred)
trout migrate
28
explain the term food chain
sequence of organisms showing transfer of energy from one to the next
29
explain the term edaphic factors
soil factors
30
explain the term omnivore
only eats plants and animals
31
explain the term contest competition
organisms actively struggle for a resource that is in short supply
32
explain the term nitrogen fixation
convert nitrogen gas into nitrates
33
explain the term biosphere
part of the earth where life can exist
34
explain the term symbiosis
relationship between species involving benefit
35
suggest one reason why dragonflies are such successful predators(2022)
compound eyes
36
give two benefits for dragonfly populations living near freshwater vegetation(2022)
protection and laying eggs
37
suggest a benefit of the adult and the nymph having different food sources(2022)
not in competition for same resource
38
what type of ecological relationship exists between swallows and dragonflies(2022)
predator-prey
39
suggest one possible effect on the dragonfly population - a disease affecting the swallows(2022)
increase in population
40
suggest one possible effects on the dragonfly population-cutting of vegetation along the river banks(2022)
decrease in population
41
suggest one reason why volunteers are being asked to identify dragonflies(2022)
conservation
42
what might a volunteer use to help them identify a dragonfly(2022)
key
43
explain why the carbon cycle is critical to life on earth
so carbon dioxide won't run out
44
explain the term pollution
any harmful addition to the environment
45
give one example of waste management from agriculture or fishery or forestry
slurry is stored and spread on dry land
46
give two factors that can have an effects on the human population
war,famine
47
why do organisms need nitrogen
to make protein
48
give one limitation of the use of pyramids of numbers one colony
may be inverted
49
suggest one advantage of females giving birth in early summer and not in spring(2021)
warmer
50
name and explain one human activity that impacts on Irish bat populations(2021)
increase use of pesticides- decreases bat population die to poisoning of bats
51
name one type of adaption necessary for organisms to survive(2021)
structural
52
from the text, or otherwise, give two adaptions that bats possess(2021)
can fly, hibernate
53
why is it necessary for an organism to possess an adaption to its habitat
increase chance of survival
54
name two type of adaption that an organism can exhibit
structural, behavioural
55
give two methods by which gunnera outcompetes native Irish plants(20202)
creeping surface rhizomes, scatter of plant fragments
56
what method is usually used to control the population of gunnera(2020)
glyphosate
57
suggest one reason why gunnera is so successful at growing in poor quality soil(2020)
fix its own nitrogen
58
biological control, using herbivores, might not be successful at controlling the population of gunnera. suggest one reason why(2020)
toxic bacteria
59
suggest two ways how gunnera may invade and colonise new areas(2020)
creeping surface rhizomes, scatter of plant fragments
60
name two abiotic factors that have limited the spread of gunnera in Ireland(20202)
water, humidity
61
what is the importance in nature of recycling elements such as carbon and nitrogen
elements can be reused
62
name two types of bacteria that play a role in the nitrogen cycle
nitrifying, denitrifying
63
explain the term predation
the catching, killing and eating of another organsims
64
explain the term conservation
management of the environment
65
suggest why the mink has become a successful predator of the gulls(2019)
lack of competition
66
mink are omnivores. why is this an advantage when mink invade an island(2019)
they benefit from both animal and plant matters as food
67
other then predation, suggest a way in which mink could cause by the presence of mink on these island(2019)
introduce disease
68
suggest another impact on food chains in this ecosystem cause by the presence of mink on these island(2019)
decline in other predators
69
explain the term biotic factor
living factors
70
what term is used to describe the organisms at the top of the food chain
tertiary consumer
71
explain why pyramids of numbers are usually restricted to three of four levels
due to large energy loss
72
factors which influence the size of human population
war-high death rate -famine-high death rate -contraception-low birth rate
73
write a note on organism adaptions
a physical or behavioural d feat of an animal that helps them better survive in their environment
74
why is it important that nutrients are recycled in nature
can be reused
75
during the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen from the air is converted to nitrates. of what benefit is this
plants can absorb nitrate
76
nitrates are formed directly from other molecules in the soil, name one of these molecules
nitrite
77
mention one role of animals, other than as consumers, in the nitrogen cycle
excrete nitrogen
78
name the family on plants which have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen fixing bacteria
legumes
79
the nitrogen in the air is converted to nitrates but the percentage of nitrogen in the air does not change. what process is responsible for this
denitrification
80
what is the role of modern fertilisers in the nitrogen cycle
supply nitrate
81
draw a food web from the ecosystem you have studied
grass-grasshopper-bird-hawk dandelion-aphid-blackbird-fox grass-worm-bird-fox
82
some animals have adaptive features that may help them escape capture. give an example of one such adaptive feature
worm - streamlined shape
83
explain how this adaption helps the animal escape capture
allows them to burrow through soil
84
suggest why ecological surveying is important
detects change
85
explain the term scramble competition
all competing organisms get some of the resource
86
list two species from an ecosystem you have studied, which are involved in a predator-prey realtionship
fox,rabbit
87
outline a role in nature of such a predator-prey relationship
population control
88
what is meant by the term trophic level
position on the food chain
89
explain why food chains are generally short
little energy passed on the next level
90
give a possible reason why the secondary consumer may decline naturally
predation
91
explain the term fauna
plants found in ecosystem
92
what is meant by the term variation
differences within a population
93
give a reason why there might be a variation in the height of a matte plant species in the ecosystem
difference in a named factor

biology (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions