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biology > respiration > Flashcards

respiration Flashcards

1
Q

what is meant by the term anaerobic

A

oxygen is absent

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2
Q

what other substance is produced in animals cells as a result of anaerobic respiration

A

lactic acid

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3
Q

what is the name given to stage one

A

glycolysis

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4
Q

stage one ended with the formation of a three carbon compound. name this compound

A

pyruvic acid

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5
Q

describe in detail what happens top these electrons when they are removed

A

they pass to NAD+ to make NADH and then they pass to electron transport chain. they lose energy(ATP) then Is passed to oxygen and to protons(H+) to make water

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6
Q

what is the word equation

A

ADP+P+Energy –> ATP+H20

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7
Q

where in the cell does stage one occur

A

cytosol

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8
Q

name the cell organelle in which stage 2 occurs

A

mitochondria

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9
Q

explain why muscle cells contain large numbers of the cell organelle (mitochondria)

A

the release of energy, muscles need a lot of energy

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10
Q

what does ATP stand for

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

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11
Q

NAD is another energy carrier involved in respiration, what is its function

A

transports protons and electrons

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12
Q

name the by product of anaerobic respiration in a muscle cell

A

lactic acid

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13
Q

name the series of chemical reactions, involving acetyl.co enzyme A, which does occur in the mitochondrion

A

Krebs cycle s

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14
Q

state the number of carbon atoms in a molecule of acetyl co. enzyme A

A

2

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15
Q

write a balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration

A

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 –>6CO2 + H2O

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16
Q

identify the molecules;es which is released during stage one

A

ATP

17
Q

describe how ATP is made

A

ADP + P

18
Q

compare the amount of energy released when oxygen is used and not used

A

O2 is used - high energy
o2 is not used - low energy

19
Q

name the two carbon contains molecules produced when the three carbon molecule at pyruvic acid is broken down

A

acetyl co. enzyme A

20
Q

outline the events that take place in the electron transport chain

A

high energy electrons pass along carriers, electrons lose energy which is used to form ATP

21
Q

name the storage polysaccharide in humans from which glucose is produced

A

glycogen

22
Q

give one major storage location of this polysaccharide in the body

A

liver

23
Q

what happens to pyruvate molecules;es that prepares them for the Krebs cycle

A

lose cO2

24
Q

name the there products of the Krebs cycle

A

ATP, CO2, NADH

25
Q

what is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration

A

oxygen

26
Q

what does NAD stand for

A

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

27
Q

name two types of particle that are transferred by NAD

A

electrons
protons

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