respiration Flashcards
what is meant by the term anaerobic
oxygen is absent
what other substance is produced in animals cells as a result of anaerobic respiration
lactic acid
what is the name given to stage one
glycolysis
stage one ended with the formation of a three carbon compound. name this compound
pyruvic acid
describe in detail what happens top these electrons when they are removed
they pass to NAD+ to make NADH and then they pass to electron transport chain. they lose energy(ATP) then Is passed to oxygen and to protons(H+) to make water
what is the word equation
ADP+P+Energy –> ATP+H20
where in the cell does stage one occur
cytosol
name the cell organelle in which stage 2 occurs
mitochondria
explain why muscle cells contain large numbers of the cell organelle (mitochondria)
the release of energy, muscles need a lot of energy
what does ATP stand for
Adenosine Triphosphate
NAD is another energy carrier involved in respiration, what is its function
transports protons and electrons
name the by product of anaerobic respiration in a muscle cell
lactic acid
name the series of chemical reactions, involving acetyl.co enzyme A, which does occur in the mitochondrion
Krebs cycle s
state the number of carbon atoms in a molecule of acetyl co. enzyme A
2
write a balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 –>6CO2 + H2O
identify the molecules;es which is released during stage one
ATP
describe how ATP is made
ADP + P
compare the amount of energy released when oxygen is used and not used
O2 is used - high energy
o2 is not used - low energy
name the two carbon contains molecules produced when the three carbon molecule at pyruvic acid is broken down
acetyl co. enzyme A
outline the events that take place in the electron transport chain
high energy electrons pass along carriers, electrons lose energy which is used to form ATP
name the storage polysaccharide in humans from which glucose is produced
glycogen
give one major storage location of this polysaccharide in the body
liver
what happens to pyruvate molecules;es that prepares them for the Krebs cycle
lose cO2
name the there products of the Krebs cycle
ATP, CO2, NADH
what is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration
oxygen
what does NAD stand for
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
name two types of particle that are transferred by NAD
electrons
protons
