food Flashcards
name the three chemical elements that are present in all carbohydrates
carbon
nitrogen
hydrogen
give the general formula for carbohydrates
Cx(H20)y
name the smallest unit of a carbohydrates
monosaccharides
name the type of carbohydrate formed when many of the smallest units of a carbohydrate bind together
polysaccharide
give one structural role of carbohydrates in living organisms
makes up cell wall
state one dietary source of carbohydrates
bread
give one example of a structural polysaccharides
cellulose
identify a non metallic element, other than C,H,O and H, sometimes found in protein
phosphorus
name the molecular sub units that combine together to for protein
amino acids
name one eater soluble vitamin present in food
vitamin c
name one disorder associated with a deficiency of a named vitamin
vitamin c - scurvy
how many common amino acids are found in proteins
20
name any one fibrous protein
myosin
give one metabolic role of proteins in living organisms
enzymes
give one good source of protein in the diet
meat
identify one difference between fats and oils at room temperature
fats are solid
oils are liquids
identify one difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid
triglycerides have three fatty acids
phospholipids have two fatty acids
identify one metabolic role for lipids in cells
energy
name one fat soluble vitamin present in food
vitamin d
name one disorder associated with a named vitamin(vitamin d)
vitamin d - rickets
name one element present in dissolved salts in food
calcium
give one example of a trace element in the human diet
copper
name the basic unit that makes up lipids
triglyceride
respiration is an example of a metabolic pathway in organisms. wha type of ,metabolic pathway is in question
catabolic
what is meat by the term polysaccharide
more than two sugar units
name a storage polysaccharide found in animals
glycogen
state the two reasons why food is required by all living organisms
energy
growth
what is the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in carbohydrates
2:1
name a test or give the chemicals used to demonstrate the presence of protein in a food sample
biuret
where in the human body would you expect to find the fibrous protein
muscles
give a role of a named mineral which is required by plants
magnesium
forms chlorophyll
state two reasons why water is required by living organisms
transportation
most things dissolve in water
name the metallic element present in haemoglobin
iron
which type of biomolecule may be identified by the use of Benedicts solution
reducing sugar
where would you expect to find phospholipids in human cells
cell membrane
what is the approximate percentage of water in a human cell
70%
name a catholic process that produces these simplest units
digestion
which carbohydrate is always found in DNA
deoxyribose
explain the term metabolism
chemical reactions in an organism
