sexual reproduction of flowering plants Flashcards
explain fruit formation by plants
to protect seeds
function of stigma
where pollen lands after pollination
function of anther
produces pollen
function of sepal
protect the flower
describe insect pollination
petals are bright, coloured, scented with nectarsd
describe wind pollination
petals are small, not brightly coloured
what does the ovule develop into if fertilisation occurs
seed
name a suitable seed that you used
radish seeds
how did you deprive the seeds of oxygen
placed them in boiled water with a layer of oil on top
what type of agar did you use
starch
how did you know digestion had occurred
iodine remained a blue black colour where the seed had been
explain pollination
transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower of the same species
explain cross pollination
transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a different
explain self pollination
transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma od the same place
name two ways in which cross pollination can occur in flowering plants
insect
wind pollination
describe what happens to the generative nucleus following pollination
divides by mitosis
state the collective term used to describe the anther and filament of the flower
stamen
name two methods by which pollination can occur
wind
insect
describe the main events that occur immediately after pollination
pollen grain germinates
produces pollen tube
generative nucleus divides by mitosis - forms to male nuclei
state the location where food is usually stored in monocle seed
endosperm
state the location where food is usually stored in dicot seed
cotyledon
name one part of a flower from which a fruit may develop
ovary
outline one role of genetics in fruit production
seedless fruits
give two advantages of seed dispersal
avoids overcrowding
increases chance of survival
describe the role of digestion in germination
produce soluble nutrients
describe the role of respiration in germination
release of energy from food
give one example of asexual reproduction in flowering plants
vegetative propagation
give one disadvantage of self pollination
less variation
which part develops into a fruit
ovary
give one way seedless fruits may develop
auxins
explain germination
regrowth of an embryo
explain dispersal
spreading of seeds away from parent plant
explain dormancy
period of no growth
outline how dormancy in seeds benefits plant species
provides time for dispersal
give two roles of water in the process of germination
softens testa
activates enzymes
identify two possible food stores in seeds
cotyledon
endospore
state three factors necessary fro successful germination
warmth
oxygen
water
why were the seeds soaked in water prior to the investigation
softens testa
describe how you further prepared the seeds and added them to the agar plates
split the seeds
sterilise the seeds
place flat/ cut side onto the agar
under what conditions did you store the plates contain gin the seeds to allow germination to occur
incubator
describe the events that happened to a mature pollen grain following pollination up to double fertilisation
pollen tube grows down the style
the generative nucleus divides by mitosis into 2 haploid Male gametes
they enter the embryo sac
one fuses with egg, the other fuses with polar nuclei
give two adaptions of wind pollinated flowers that increase their chance of successful pollination
stigmas large, feathery
anthers longer and outside
state to advantages of sexual reproduction versus asexual reproduction in plants
less overcrowding
less competition
outline what happens during each fertilisation
one male game fuses with the egg
one male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei
state what is produced by each fertilisation
zygote
triploid endosperm
