Viruses

Question 1

nucleocapsid

Answer 1

The capsid + nucleic acid

Question 2

Viral genome

Answer 2

either DNA or RNA but never both in same viral core

Question 3

Adsorption

Answer 3

binding of virus to the host cell

Question 4

Penetration

Answer 4

virus enters the host cell

Question 5

Uncoating

Answer 5

the genome is released from the capsid

Question 6

Synthesis

Answer 6

viral components are produced using host cell machinery and building blocks

Question 7

Assembly

Answer 7

new viral particles are constructed

Question 8

Release

Answer 8

assembled viruses are released by budding (exocytosis) or cell lysis

Question 9

host range

Answer 9

Range of cells a virus can infect

Question 10

Endocytosis

Answer 10

entire virus is engulfed and enclosed in a vacuole or vesicle

Question 11

Fusion

Answer 11

envelope merges directly with membrane resulting in nucleocapsid’s entry into cytoplasm

Question 12

Where are DNA viruses replicated?

Answer 12

DNA viruses generally are replicated and assembled in the nucleus

Question 13

Where are RNA viruses replicated?

Answer 13

RNA viruses generally are

replicated and assembled in the cytoplasm

Question 14

Budding

Answer 14

exocytosis, cell is not immediately destroyed

Provides new viral envelope from host cell membrane

Question 15

Lysis

Answer 15

nonenveloped and complex viruses released when cell dies and ruptures

Question 16

Bacteriophages

Answer 16

bacterial viruses (phages)
Only the nucleic acid enters the cytoplasm

Question 17

Prophage

Answer 17

Phage DNA is incorporated into bacterial genome, and

virus remains inactive.

Question 18

Lysogeny

Answer 18

Prophage spread silently to new cells with each round

of cell division.

Question 19

Induction:

Answer 19

Prophage may excise from genome and return to lytic cycle.