Energetics and Catabolism

Question 1

Catabolism:

Answer 1

breakdown of complex molecules into smaller ones

Question 2

Anabolism:

Answer 2

reactions that build molecules

Question 3

Exoenzymes

Answer 3

transported extracellularly

Question 4

Endoenzymes

Answer 4

retained intracellularly

Question 5

What are the three general catabolic pathways that break down glucose?

Answer 5

glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the respiratory chain

Question 6

Glycolysis

Answer 6

occurs in the cytoplasm, break down of glucose into 2 pyruvate, pyruvate enters next cycle

Question 7

Aerobic breakdown of glycolysis

Answer 7

2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH
2 H+
cytoplasm
*breaks down glucose into pyruvate*

Question 8

Aerobic breakdown of krebs cycle

Answer 8

3 CO2
3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP (or GTP)
cytoplasm
*breaks down pyruvate*

Question 9

Aerobic breakdown of Electron transport chain

Answer 9

electrons are released from NADH and FADH2;
occurs in bacterial membrane
Requires molecular oxygen (O2)

Question 10

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 10

Oxygen-containing molecule, rather than molecular oxygen (O2), is the final electron acceptor

Question 11

Alcohol Fermentation

Answer 11

Breakdown pyruvate to alcohols and CO2

Question 12

Acid fermentation:

Answer 12

Produces specific acids (like lactic acid), and possibly gas depending on the specific process

Question 13

Mixed acid fermentation

Answer 13

Breakdown pyruvate to acids, gases, and other products

Question 14

Durham Tubes test

Answer 14

yellow media indicates acidic fermentation products

Presence of bubble shows gas production