Innate Immunity

Question 1

immune system

Answer 1

ntegrated system of organs, tissues, cells, and cell products

Question 2

The first line of defense

Answer 2

any innate barrier that blocks invasion at the portal of entry – nonspecific (physical, chemical, microbial)

Question 3

Physical Barriers to Infection

Answer 3

Skin and Mucous membranes

Question 4

gut-associated
lymphoid tissue (GALT).

Answer 4

Includes tonsils and Peyer’s patches

Question 5

Chemical barriers to infection:

Answer 5

Lysozyme, pH, Digestive enzymes, antimicrobial peptides

Question 6

Lysozyme

Answer 6

enzyme that hydrolyzes the cell wall of bacteria

Question 7

pH

Answer 7

Lactic acid in sweat, Skin’s acidic pH, Acid in stomach

Question 8

Digestion

Answer 8

Bacteria in our gut microbiome use
enzymes that can help break down
our ingested food more completely
than our bodies can on their own

Question 9

Second line of defense

Answer 9

Innate immune response (protective cells and proteins,

inflammation and phagocytosis, nonspecific, present at birth)(

Question 10

What is blood composed of?

Answer 10

RBC, WBC, and Platelets

Question 11

Granulocytes:

Answer 11

lobed nucleus, contain granules filled with toxins that destroy pathogens

Question 12

Agranulocytes:

Answer 12

round nucleus, kill pathogens in various ways

Question 13

Neutrophils

Answer 13

kill ingested bacteria with toxic granules
a type of phagocyte
majority

Question 14

Eosinophils

Answer 14

associated largely with responses to helminths (eukaryotic worms)

Question 15

Basophils

Answer 15

some responses to parasites

smallest percentage

Question 16

Monocytes

Answer 16

trap and phagocytose pathogens, and

participate in other immune responses

Question 17

Macrophages:

Answer 17

critical phagocytes

Question 18

Dendritic cells:

Answer 18

trap and phagocytose pathogens, and participate in other immune responses

Question 19

PAMP:

Answer 19

Pathogen-Associated

Molecular Pattern

Question 20

PRR:

Answer 20

Pathogen Recognition Receptor

Question 21

Phagocytosis

Answer 21

Engulfing and destroying debris and pathogens.

Question 22

Dendritic cells

Answer 22

engulf pathogens and alert lymphocytes

Question 23

Chemotaxis

Answer 23

phagocytes detect molecules released by a pathogen, migrate

toward it, and recognize PAMPs

Question 24

Ingestion

Answer 24

phagocyte takes up pathogen into a vesicle called phagosome

Question 25

Phagolysosome

Answer 25

lysosome fuses with phagosome

Question 26

Destruction and elimination

Answer 26

Degradative enzymes in lysosome break down and kill pathogen