Virology7 Flashcards
Herpesviridae genome: Spectrum of infections: Host range: Type of infection: Reactivation: High risk patients: Shape of capsid: Envelope Presence on site of lesion
DNA (linear ds) Wide From narrow(EBV) to wide Persistent latent infection (viral latency) Periodic Elderly and immunosuppressed Icosahedral Present Not present lama ykun saheh
T or F
Herpes viruses don’t have tegument
False
T or F
HSV 1 and 2 have 70% homology
False
50%
Terminal and internal repeats are involved in ——-
Gene rearrangement
T or F
In general herpes viruses resemble each other
False
We know which virus it is from —— which is adding endonucleases and then ——-
Finger printing
Migrating fragments on southern
In the latent phase the DNA takes a —— shape
Circular
Replication of herpes viruses:
Adsorption (the virus sticks to GAGs like heparan sulfate)
The capsid enters the cell
The DNA is thrown thru the nuclear pore (uncoating)
The DNA becomes circular
Bser mtl l episome
Tegument protein initiates the replication:
Immediate early : alpha proteins
Early: beta
Late: gamma (structural)
Cellular RNA pol II
MicRNA regulates the expression (latency)
HSV1 and 2 can cause :
1-
2-
3-
4-
Skin infections (burning,tingling—) macules then small bumps then vesicles then ulcer (vesiculo ulcerative lesions)
Mucosal
Encephalitis
Conjunctivitis
Herpes viruses hide in ——— in HSv1 and in —— in HSV2
They are homologous by —–
Dorsal ganglia of trigeminal nerve
Dorsal ganglie of sacral plexus
50% (fhemna)
HSV I is mainly transmitted thru—-
HSV 2 transmitted thru——
The reverse is (possible/not)—
Saliva (orall) (1 tongue)
Genitally (2 genitals)
Possible
T or F
We should screen for HSV 2/1
False
And antibody is useless laanu 3/4 l aalam already exposed
T or F
Antibody test should be done for detection of HSV 1
False
80-90% has been exposed to HSV1
Common epitopes between 1 and 2
T or F
Herpes viruses are cytolytic
True
T or F
We can differentiate clinically between HSV and varicella
False both cause painfull vesiculo ulcerative lesions
Site of primary infections should be either —– or —— , (can/can’t)—– transmitt the virus if he is asymptomatic.
Mucosal surfaces or breached skin
Can
Primary infection is (more/less) ——- severe than reinfection amd that’s because of ——-
More
Immune system
Cowdry type A are (intracutoplasmic/intranuclear)——- bodies present after infection with ——– while type B are present in——
Intranuclear
Varicella zoster
HSV
CMV
Primary infection(rarely/often)-----can cause meningitis and encephalitis, by which it's (mild/severe)----- and can leave ------- resulting in ----- Primary infection in an intact skin (will/less likely happen)------ the most common case is transmission by----
Rarely Mild Sequela Hear loss Less likely Mucosal Breached skin
Immunocompromised patients infected with HSV can suffer from ——- after——
Ulcers and vesicles on the esophagus
Viremia
Reactivation can be caused by :
Uv rays
Stress
Menstruation
The most seen for of herpes is —— presented by small vesicles on lips (with/without) —— crusting
Cold sore
With
IP for HSV
Few days to 3 weeks
Symptoms of HSV1 mainly
Fever sore throat (prodrome) Vesicular ulcerative lesions Gingivitis mainly in children Adults : pharyngitis and tonsilitis Keratoconjuctivitis : will heal unless we have ulcers on the cornea(corneal ulcers) and lens that will lead to blindness
Strep A can be accompanied with ——-,—— and —— viruses
EBV
CMV
HSV
Genital herpes Mainly caused by ------ Painful for----- Site of infection: Spread to--- Could cause---
HSV 2 3 weeks Genitals or perineum and thighs LNs enlargement Aseptic meningitis in primary infection
T or F
Herpes can cause secondary bacterial infections because of ulcers
True
T or F
Herpes can’t cause pus
False
Herpetic whitlow is most common in —— upon small cuts or contamination on hands or toes
Hospital staff
Surgeries
Herpes gladiatorum seen in ———
Athletics
Eczema herpeticum signs:
Malaise Skin lesions Itchy painful blisters and ulcers Enlaged lymph nodes Red purple and black blisters Dermatits is very common in children ( elbows and knees) and popliteal L jeled neshef (xerosis) And rhinitis then this kid has eczema We should always put hydrating creams
Neonatal herpes
-/—- delivers
Mode of trans:
Symptoms:
In neonates most common cause of death is because of —-
1/5000
During delivery
Localized/encephalitis or disseminated
Viral pneumonitis
Tx for HsV
Acyclovir (nucleoside analog)
Important in neonates
Eza baad 72 hrs ma baate she laanu mtl eltu (this applies to all anti-viral drugs)
The only virus that causes all forms of rash at the same time is —– also characterized by——
Varicella zoster virus (chicken pox)
When prodrome disappears rash appears even if vaccinated
T or F
Macules appear in case of VZV infection (brown patches)
False
This case was for fungal infection
——- is very ——– but not as measles
But varicella in children is —— unlike —–
VZV
Contagious
Mild
Measles
Zoster is the —— of ——
Reactivation
Varicella
Zoster can be diagnosed clinically by appearance of ——- rash
Dermatomal
Pic of the trigeminal (ophthalmic)
Postherpetic neuralgia is ——pain from —— not from —-, it happens after——
Treated by —— or —- which are —-
The virus send messages of pain from —-
Neuropathic CNS not periphery Infection (not infected anymore) Pregabalin or gabapentin Antiepileptic drugs CNS
T or F
Zoster can’t be bilateral
False in immunosuppresed it could be bilateral
Immunity against VZV is —— however it’s just against—– not to —–
Permanent lifelong
Varicella (chicken pox)
Zoster
CMV duration of replication:
HSV duration of rep and clinical manifestation:
Slow
Quick
T or F
50% of herpes genes are not active in vitro
True
Because they need the host gene apparatus this allows us to make antiviral drugs (acyclovir)
T or F
In HSV asymptomatic patients don’t transmit the virus
False
Because most of primary infections are asymptomatic
T or F
Secondary herpes infection is more severe
False
Milder
In varicella the rash begins on —- then —– then ——
Face
Trunk
Extremities
Macules:
Papule:
Vesicle:
Red spots or brown
Bumps
Fehn may
In varicella we check —– it will appear as ——- that resemble the —-
Oral mucosa
1 little vesicle on soft palate
Koplik spot of measles
VZV can cause 1- 2- 3---- except in ------ We usually are scared from varicella pneumonia in: 1- 2-
Encephalitis
Sequela
Varicella pneumonia except in healthy children
Pregos
People with malignancies (hodgkin,leukemias, lymphoproliferative diseases like EBV)
Tzanck smear is caused by ——
VZV
The most complication of zoster after the neurologic disorders is ——-
Superinfections
