Virology2 Flashcards

1
Q
Picornaviruses are (small/big)-----less than ------ (single/double)----- (RNA/Dna)-------(icosahedral/helical)-----(enveloped/not)------ 
They are divided into ------- transmitted thru----- and -------- transmitted thru----
A
Small
50 nm
Single
RNa pos
Icosahedral
Naked
Enteroviruses GIT
Rhino RT
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2
Q

T or F

Hepatitis B is a picornavirus

A

False

Hepatitis A

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3
Q
Poliovirus is (naked/enveloped)------ virus----- (enterovirus/rhino)------causes the destrusction of ----- so called -----
Transmitted thru ----- route
A

Naked
Entero
Myelin shealth ,poliomyelitis
Fecal oral route

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4
Q

Pathogenesis of polio:

A
Ingestion
Local LN
Primary viremia
Secondary viremia
Muscle then CNS (retrograde)
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5
Q

How many type of polio viruse we have?

Type of vaccine?

A

3 with cross reactivity

Trivalent vaccine

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6
Q

T or F

After recorvery and carriers can transmitt the virus to others (prolonged excretion of virus)

A

True

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7
Q

T or F

Humans are not the only reservoir for poliovirus

A

True

We have the primates too

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8
Q

95% of polio patients are ——- while 5%——, IP ——

A

Asymptomatic (subclinical)
Clinical
IP 1 to 2 weeks

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9
Q

In the clinical case of polio , there is a spectrum of this clinical disease
Talk about it

A

Mild , only with prodromal illness
Non paralytic , aseptic meningitis ( self limited unlike bacterial meningitis) last for 1 weeek
Paralytic poliomyelitis atrophy of proximal muscles , hip dysplagia and scoliosis

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10
Q

Post poliomyelitis infection

A

Residual paralysis

Progressive post poliomyelitis muscle atrophy

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11
Q

T or F

Poliovirus can’t affect adults

A

False

But it’s mainly in children

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12
Q

Endemic vs epidemic

A

Endemic is continous camp of refugees where there is no sudden rise in infected people because of lack of sanitation
Epidemic there is sanitation but there is a sudden rise in infected people before vaccination era

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13
Q

Vaccines of polio

A

Salk: inactive-virus can’t multiply given PRT no herd immunity virus still (keep shedding virus because of ansence of IgA) transmitted (we have IgM and igG)
Sabin : live attenuated given PO induce igA and trivalent (1,2,3), herd immunity

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14
Q

Coxsackivirus is (enterovirus/rhinovirus)——–divided into —- and —– causes —–foot mouth disease (involve/not ) —— palm and soles, causes —– rash (with/without) ——- crusting unlike —– and —– ,mainly in —— and (require/doesn’t) ——- treatment

A
Entero
A and B
Hand foot mouth disease
Involve
Vesicular
Without crusting
Herpes and small pox
Children
Doesn't
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15
Q

T or F

Only type A can cause aseptic meningitis

A

False

Both

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16
Q

Enteroviruses are the most common cause of ——- in adults

A

Viral meningitis

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17
Q

2 diseases associated with coxsackie B

A

Pleurodynia aka epidemic myalgia : fever then ,abdominal(in children) pleuritic and chest pain.

Myocarditis coxsackie is the number 1 cause of myocarditis in all viruses that causes it
Acute (heart failure) or chronic (chronic heart failure.

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18
Q

T or F

Only coxsackie B can cause common cold and gastroenteritis

A

False both

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19
Q

——— can cause undifferentiated febrile illness

A

Coxsackie

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20
Q

T or F

Coxsackie can cause inteference with affects vaccination

A

True

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21
Q

Generalized disease of infants

A

The invasion of virus in all tissues this will lead to excessive secretion on interferons and cytokines and the baby will die eventually

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22
Q

The rash that appear on skin is called —– while viscles that appear on mucosa are called——

A

Exanthem

Enanthem

23
Q

Herpangina is caused by —– and it’s (exanthema/enanthem)—– (self limited / chronic)——– characterized by——-

A

Coxsacki
Enanthem
Self limited
Viscles, febrile pharingitis

24
Q

Enterovirus 70 causes ——— and it’s (self-limited/chronic)——

A

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

Self limited

25
Q

Enteroviruses are found in:

A

Sewage مجارير

Filtering animals like oysters (not considered vectors)

26
Q

Flavi and toga are ——- the trasmission is done after—– (with/without)—— risk of pandemics—–
Genome:
Envelope:
Shape:
Characterized by—– based on it’s genetic background
Majority (will/won’t)—– involve the CNs
Immunity:
May cause —– or —– because of the cytokine burst.

A
Arboviruses (transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks )
Inoculation of blood from viremic vertebrate
Without
Ss + RNA
Enveloped
Icosahedral
Neuroinvasion
Won't
Permanent
Coma or death
27
Q

Yellow fever virus is a ——– causes—— and —- injury also bleeding, first phase symptoms: ——- and ——- then the patient recovers and then will cause ——-

A
Flavivirus
Renal and hepatic injury
Jaundice
Headache and loss of apetite
Renal and hepatic dysfunction
Saddleback
28
Q

T or F

Yellow fever virus have low mortality rate but with many serotypes

A

High

One serotype

29
Q

Steps of infection with yfv

A
Skin
Blood
LN
RES
BM
Myocardium liver kidneys
30
Q

Lesions caused by yfv are —– the virus is said to be ——

A

Necrotic

Cytopathic

31
Q

Yfv patients bleed (internally/externally)—— and evemtially will have ——–

A

Internally

Circulatory collapse

32
Q

Ip for yfv

A

Average 1 week (3-7 days)

Also one week between phase 1 and 2

33
Q

——-% have severe symtomps caused by yfv and a percentage faces ——

A

15%

Hepatorenal failure

34
Q

Vaccine for yfv

A

17D for live attenuated vaccine

Not viscerotropic or neurotropic

35
Q

T or F
17D is given for immunocompromised patients to enhance their immunity against yfv
It is viscerotropic and neurotropic

A

False

36
Q

Dengue fever virus symptoms

A
Seveeereee headache
Muscle and joint pains 
Eye pain
Breakbone fever
Pain behind eyes
Rash
Bleeding from nose
Saddleback
37
Q
Filoviruses
Source:
Shape:
Genome structure:
Envelope:
Mortality rate:
A
Fruit bat
Pleomorphic particles / filamentous
SS non segmented - RNA (7 genes)
Enveloped (budding)
90-95%
38
Q

Ebola and marburg

Family:
Tropism:
Mode of trans:
IP:

A

African hemorrhagic fever (50% death)
Macrophages and DC
Contact, bloody fluids even hugs, saliva and tears
Less than a week

39
Q

Progression of the disease in ebola and marburg

A

Prodrome then internal to external bleeding (even from ears and eyes)

40
Q
Rubella 
Family:
Mode of trans:
Genome:
Envelope:
Structure
A
Togavirus (not arbo)
RT
SS +
Enveloped
Helical
41
Q

T or F

Rubella virus have 1 type of GP

A

False 2

42
Q
Postnatal rubella
Tageted patients:
Mode of trans
Ip
Viremia for----
After Ab seroconversion----- will appear where the virus is(present/absent) -------- on skin
------ in women
Immunity----
A
Patients more than 1 year
URT
Less severe than congenital
Ip 1 week
Viremia 2 weeks
Macculopapular Rash (head to extrem)
Absent (immunopathological)
Arthralgia and arthritis
Permanent
43
Q

Arthralgia/ arhtritis is caused mainly by 3 viruses list them

A

Rubella
Hepatitis B
Parvovirus B 19

44
Q

T or F

Prodrome caused by rubella is pathognominic

A

False

Nothing is pathognominic in rubella

45
Q

Congenital rubella
Mode of trans:
Timeline of severity
Triad of rubella

A

Transplacentally
Earlier more severe may lead to abortion if its in the first 3 weeks
Cataract cardiac deafness
Microceeephaaaalyy (CNS involvement)

46
Q

T or F

Immunity from mother to child against rubella is permanent

A

False

IgGs only for 6 months

47
Q

Give an example of herd immunity

A

1-Giving the live attenuated vaccine to one person and use it’s mode of transmission to make people around him develop immunity ( msln b camp of refugees aatet la wahd mmkn hada tene yshrab mn l may le mesh mneha feha l attenuated vaccine)
2- if someone is moving from an endemic place to safe place if i give him the vaccine as if iam giving it to all of his people in the safe place (ex.chief)

48
Q

T or F

We give child with fever caused by a virus vaccines to induce mmunity

A

False
Because if he is already infected with the first virus and i give the live attenuated the body won’t respond to it and don’t develop immunity

49
Q

1 in 2 million vaccinated with live attenuated polio virus people may develop —-

A

VAPP ( vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis)

50
Q

T or F

Foot mouth disease is caused by coxsackie virus

A

False

This disease is in animals

51
Q

Most common cause of cold—–
Then——
And and enterovirus like —–

A

Rhinoviruses
Corona viruses (30%)
Coxsakie

52
Q

Zika virus
Transmission:
Sign of zika:

A

Transplacental

Microcephaly maily frontal lobe this will lead in personality problems

53
Q

Zika virus is (toga/flavi)——- virus that can be transmitted also by—–
2 more common feature of zika are :
1-
2-

A

Flavi
Body fluids
1-skin rash
2-conjuctivitis

54
Q

T or f

Hepatitis C is flavirus and arbovirus

A

False

Flavi but not arbo