Virology2 Flashcards
Picornaviruses are (small/big)-----less than ------ (single/double)----- (RNA/Dna)-------(icosahedral/helical)-----(enveloped/not)------ They are divided into ------- transmitted thru----- and -------- transmitted thru----
Small 50 nm Single RNa pos Icosahedral Naked Enteroviruses GIT Rhino RT
T or F
Hepatitis B is a picornavirus
False
Hepatitis A
Poliovirus is (naked/enveloped)------ virus----- (enterovirus/rhino)------causes the destrusction of ----- so called ----- Transmitted thru ----- route
Naked
Entero
Myelin shealth ,poliomyelitis
Fecal oral route
Pathogenesis of polio:
Ingestion Local LN Primary viremia Secondary viremia Muscle then CNS (retrograde)
How many type of polio viruse we have?
Type of vaccine?
3 with cross reactivity
Trivalent vaccine
T or F
After recorvery and carriers can transmitt the virus to others (prolonged excretion of virus)
True
T or F
Humans are not the only reservoir for poliovirus
True
We have the primates too
95% of polio patients are ——- while 5%——, IP ——
Asymptomatic (subclinical)
Clinical
IP 1 to 2 weeks
In the clinical case of polio , there is a spectrum of this clinical disease
Talk about it
Mild , only with prodromal illness
Non paralytic , aseptic meningitis ( self limited unlike bacterial meningitis) last for 1 weeek
Paralytic poliomyelitis atrophy of proximal muscles , hip dysplagia and scoliosis
Post poliomyelitis infection
Residual paralysis
Progressive post poliomyelitis muscle atrophy
T or F
Poliovirus can’t affect adults
False
But it’s mainly in children
Endemic vs epidemic
Endemic is continous camp of refugees where there is no sudden rise in infected people because of lack of sanitation
Epidemic there is sanitation but there is a sudden rise in infected people before vaccination era
Vaccines of polio
Salk: inactive-virus can’t multiply given PRT no herd immunity virus still (keep shedding virus because of ansence of IgA) transmitted (we have IgM and igG)
Sabin : live attenuated given PO induce igA and trivalent (1,2,3), herd immunity
Coxsackivirus is (enterovirus/rhinovirus)——–divided into —- and —– causes —–foot mouth disease (involve/not ) —— palm and soles, causes —– rash (with/without) ——- crusting unlike —– and —– ,mainly in —— and (require/doesn’t) ——- treatment
Entero A and B Hand foot mouth disease Involve Vesicular Without crusting Herpes and small pox Children Doesn't
T or F
Only type A can cause aseptic meningitis
False
Both
Enteroviruses are the most common cause of ——- in adults
Viral meningitis
2 diseases associated with coxsackie B
Pleurodynia aka epidemic myalgia : fever then ,abdominal(in children) pleuritic and chest pain.
Myocarditis coxsackie is the number 1 cause of myocarditis in all viruses that causes it
Acute (heart failure) or chronic (chronic heart failure.
T or F
Only coxsackie B can cause common cold and gastroenteritis
False both
——— can cause undifferentiated febrile illness
Coxsackie
T or F
Coxsackie can cause inteference with affects vaccination
True
Generalized disease of infants
The invasion of virus in all tissues this will lead to excessive secretion on interferons and cytokines and the baby will die eventually
The rash that appear on skin is called —– while viscles that appear on mucosa are called——
Exanthem
Enanthem
Herpangina is caused by —– and it’s (exanthema/enanthem)—– (self limited / chronic)——– characterized by——-
Coxsacki
Enanthem
Self limited
Viscles, febrile pharingitis
Enterovirus 70 causes ——— and it’s (self-limited/chronic)——
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Self limited
Enteroviruses are found in:
Sewage مجارير
Filtering animals like oysters (not considered vectors)
Flavi and toga are ——- the trasmission is done after—– (with/without)—— risk of pandemics—–
Genome:
Envelope:
Shape:
Characterized by—– based on it’s genetic background
Majority (will/won’t)—– involve the CNs
Immunity:
May cause —– or —– because of the cytokine burst.
Arboviruses (transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks ) Inoculation of blood from viremic vertebrate Without Ss + RNA Enveloped Icosahedral Neuroinvasion Won't Permanent Coma or death
Yellow fever virus is a ——– causes—— and —- injury also bleeding, first phase symptoms: ——- and ——- then the patient recovers and then will cause ——-
Flavivirus Renal and hepatic injury Jaundice Headache and loss of apetite Renal and hepatic dysfunction Saddleback
T or F
Yellow fever virus have low mortality rate but with many serotypes
High
One serotype
Steps of infection with yfv
Skin Blood LN RES BM Myocardium liver kidneys
Lesions caused by yfv are —– the virus is said to be ——
Necrotic
Cytopathic
Yfv patients bleed (internally/externally)—— and evemtially will have ——–
Internally
Circulatory collapse
Ip for yfv
Average 1 week (3-7 days)
Also one week between phase 1 and 2
——-% have severe symtomps caused by yfv and a percentage faces ——
15%
Hepatorenal failure
Vaccine for yfv
17D for live attenuated vaccine
Not viscerotropic or neurotropic
T or F
17D is given for immunocompromised patients to enhance their immunity against yfv
It is viscerotropic and neurotropic
False
Dengue fever virus symptoms
Seveeereee headache Muscle and joint pains Eye pain Breakbone fever Pain behind eyes Rash Bleeding from nose Saddleback
Filoviruses Source: Shape: Genome structure: Envelope: Mortality rate:
Fruit bat Pleomorphic particles / filamentous SS non segmented - RNA (7 genes) Enveloped (budding) 90-95%
Ebola and marburg
Family:
Tropism:
Mode of trans:
IP:
African hemorrhagic fever (50% death)
Macrophages and DC
Contact, bloody fluids even hugs, saliva and tears
Less than a week
Progression of the disease in ebola and marburg
Prodrome then internal to external bleeding (even from ears and eyes)
Rubella Family: Mode of trans: Genome: Envelope: Structure
Togavirus (not arbo) RT SS + Enveloped Helical
T or F
Rubella virus have 1 type of GP
False 2
Postnatal rubella Tageted patients: Mode of trans Ip Viremia for---- After Ab seroconversion----- will appear where the virus is(present/absent) -------- on skin ------ in women Immunity----
Patients more than 1 year URT Less severe than congenital Ip 1 week Viremia 2 weeks Macculopapular Rash (head to extrem) Absent (immunopathological) Arthralgia and arthritis Permanent
Arthralgia/ arhtritis is caused mainly by 3 viruses list them
Rubella
Hepatitis B
Parvovirus B 19
T or F
Prodrome caused by rubella is pathognominic
False
Nothing is pathognominic in rubella
Congenital rubella
Mode of trans:
Timeline of severity
Triad of rubella
Transplacentally
Earlier more severe may lead to abortion if its in the first 3 weeks
Cataract cardiac deafness
Microceeephaaaalyy (CNS involvement)
T or F
Immunity from mother to child against rubella is permanent
False
IgGs only for 6 months
Give an example of herd immunity
1-Giving the live attenuated vaccine to one person and use it’s mode of transmission to make people around him develop immunity ( msln b camp of refugees aatet la wahd mmkn hada tene yshrab mn l may le mesh mneha feha l attenuated vaccine)
2- if someone is moving from an endemic place to safe place if i give him the vaccine as if iam giving it to all of his people in the safe place (ex.chief)
T or F
We give child with fever caused by a virus vaccines to induce mmunity
False
Because if he is already infected with the first virus and i give the live attenuated the body won’t respond to it and don’t develop immunity
1 in 2 million vaccinated with live attenuated polio virus people may develop —-
VAPP ( vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis)
T or F
Foot mouth disease is caused by coxsackie virus
False
This disease is in animals
Most common cause of cold—–
Then——
And and enterovirus like —–
Rhinoviruses
Corona viruses (30%)
Coxsakie
Zika virus
Transmission:
Sign of zika:
Transplacental
Microcephaly maily frontal lobe this will lead in personality problems
Zika virus is (toga/flavi)——- virus that can be transmitted also by—–
2 more common feature of zika are :
1-
2-
Flavi
Body fluids
1-skin rash
2-conjuctivitis
T or f
Hepatitis C is flavirus and arbovirus
False
Flavi but not arbo
