Virology12 Flashcards
T or F
Immunosuppresion caused by HIv has the same influence as that of organ transplant
False
Primary acute HIV syndrome is much like that of—— so we call it —–
Some of it’s symptoms are :
1-
2-
EBV
Mononucleosis like syndrome
Hepatosplenomegaly
Pruritic Rash
T orF
Signs of HIV acute syndrome are clear ,specific and we can tell that this patient has HIv from this stage
False
Most patiets enter the clinical latency without anyone knowing
T or F
In HIv we have viral latency
False
T or F
If the patient came with recurrent diarrhea and night sweats, candidisis
This raise the suspicion that he might have HIV
Truee
T or F
In acute HIV syndrome we have immunosuppresion
False
T or F
HIV acute syndrom can’t go asymptomatic
False
People who have covid and living with HIV but on HAART have (severe/normal)—– infection. They might have (longer/shorter)—— covid symptoms.
The most cases of HIV are in —— where we have ——— and——,that was the problem regarding ppl livin with HIV.
Normal Longer Africa Low vaccination Overwhelming of healthcare sys
People living with HIV are like COVID patients are prone to —– and —– on the long term
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
T or F
During clinical latency the patient is not infectious
Akid infetious le3en den l manta2a
Oral hairy leukoplakia as a —— is caused by —– in immunosuppresed patients or even in ——-
Constitutional symptom
EBV
Early acute HIV syndrome
——- is caused by HHV8 in immunosupp ppl, which is ——
Kaposi sarcoma
Connective tissue malignant cancer
T or F
Kaposi sarcoma is a blanching macculopapular rash
False
Non blanching
T or F
Most of kaposi sarcomas are unnoticed
True (taht usbaa ejru)
We should always examine skin and oral cavity
Pleaseeeeee shufun
Data showed we have (male/female) —— predisposition to kaposiii
Male
Male:female (17:1)
AIDS defining illness 1- 2- 3- 4-
+1-
2-
3-
1-CD4<200
2-pulmonary tuberculosis
3- recurrent pneumonia
4-invasive cervical cancer
Kaposi
Pneumocystis carini pneumonia (b america is more prevalent than TB so by3tbruwa as aids defining illness)
Esophageal candidasis
TB infection increases by —– fold in HIV patients, we can screen by—- and —–
20 fold
PPD (>5)
Chest x ray looking for tubercles and not granulomas (laanu l granuloma kter zghar) (tubercles hene majmu3t granulomas)
Coccidioides immitis aka —— caused by —— , causes —– fever but in immunosupp ppl it will cause —– or —— when the CD4 drops below—–
Mainly in ——(country)
Coccidioidomycosis Mycelium of fungu Valley Very severe pneumonia Meningitis 250 USA
Pneumocystis carini pneumoniae aka —–is a —– causes —–,—– and ——
However in immunosuppressed patients it causes ——- that appear on CT scan like —–, when the CD4 drops to ——
Prophylaxis:
Jirovecii Yeast fungus Fever-dyspnea-cough Ground glass pattern pneumonia CoViD Less than 200 Bactrim
T or F
Fungal pneumonia or recurrent bacterial pneumoni in a healthy looking patient is suspicious and i should do HIv test
True
T or F
Recurrent Bacterial pneumonia appears only when CD4 count drops below 200
False
May appear on 400-500
Main bacteria that causes recurrent pneumonia :
1-
2-
Hemophilus influenzae
Strep pneumonia
Candida albicans causes —— in immunocompetent patients while in immunosuppressed ppl it causes mainly —— and ——, when the CD4 count drops below—–
Superficial friable white lesions on mucosa only (mesh mtl l oral leukoplakia ma beruhu) Esophageal candida (can be from omeprazole) And cutaneous candida 200
Histoplasma capsulatum are —— fungus live in —– and it can be —–, feathers of the bird and GI of —-, in immunosuppresed patients it causes—– which can be confusing with —– also can cause ——- when the CD4 count drops below—–
Dimorphic Soil Airborne Bats Granulomatous pulmonary disease TB Dissemenated histoplasmosis rash 150
Cryptococcus neoformans is aquired from ——, in immunosuppressed it causes —– when the CD4 count drops below —–
Pidgeon droplets
CNS disease (encephalitis or meningitis)
100
Cryptosporidium parvum and —– causes —— in HIV patients when the CD4 count drops below —–
Isospora belli
Chronic diarrhea (feha tkun mn giardia aw salmonellaa)
100
The diarrhea is considered persistent after —– and chronic after ——
2 -4 weeks
1 month
HSV causes ——- in HIv patients but will be ——- that will be (painless/painful)——also on the anal level it will develop to——
Also may cause—– and ——
When the CD4 count drops below—–
ulcers Severe and chronic Very painfulll HSV proctitis Esophagitis Eczema herpeticum 100
Ulcers are considered chronic after ——
Few weeks (1-2 months)
JC virus in normal individual causes —– while in HIV patients it causes ——-
Progressive because it appears as —–,—– and —— those will lead to —– when the CD4 count drops below—–
Tx:—–
Asymptomatic to prodromal Prog multifocal leukoencephalopathy Vision problems , speech and personality shifts Prog weakness 100 HAART
JC virus is transmitted thru—– with latency in —– and —–, reactivation happens when we have ——
Transported thru the BBB inside—-
Inhalation
Kidney and bone marrow
Immunosuppresion
B cells
CMV causes ------- under --- CD4 count and can cause -----, on the brain level it causes ---- And ------ in GIT When the CD4 count drops below---- Tx: Also we should ----
Retinitis 1 Blindness Encephalitis Colitis 50 Acyclovir(?) with HAART Screen
If we wanna diagnose the disease with CMV we should ask for —— or —–, if below 50 and i wanna know if he has CMV i make ——
PCR from stool specimen or CSF
Serology
T or F
Every organ can be involved in CMv
True
CMV is a —– for HIV
Co-infection
Mycobacterium avium complex below cd4—- causes —— and —-
50
Anemia
Dissemination RES
T or F
Mycobacterium avium is atypical and causes the disease alone
False
Multiple microorganisms
Toxoplasma gondi causes —— under cd4 count of ——
We should screen at —-
Space occupying lesions/neuroligical manefistations
50
Any CD4 count like in TB
T or F
Mycobacterium avium is the the most common cause of neurological manefistation with a patient livin with AIDS.
False
Toxoplasmosis
HPV is the —– STI in most people it’s —– and——-
Genome:
Envelope:
Cutaneous HPV is (malignant/not)—– but in cervix or —–it’s —– and it causes —–
Most common in the whole world Dormant Oncogenic DsDNA circular Naked Not Penis Malignant Dysplasia
Screening for HPV:
Vaccines for HPV:
Vaccines is recommended for ——
Pap smear
Gardasil
Cervarix
Women and men
List some microorganisms when present we will be more exposed to HIV because of broken skin: (co-infections) or co-factors
Hemophilus ducreyi Treponema pallidum HCV EBV CMV HSV HBV
Pediatric AIDS Clinical latency : Death (without HAARt): Oral candidiasis is (less/more) ------ severe than adults, with ------ and ------ ------ because of bacteria with ------
2 4 More Encephalopathy-pneumonitis(inflamation of conn tissue)/ pneumonia Sepsis Wasting
Aids causes ——- aka—– and —–on CNS on the long run by destruction of —–, also—— on PNS
Dementia aka aids dementia complex
Aseptic meningitis
Neurons
Peripheral neurophathy (bebatl yhes b ejre)
AIDS dementia complex characterisation: 1- 2- 3- 4- 5-
Memory loss Concentration Apathy Psychomoto problem Behaviour (awkward)
Without HAART, after aids dementia complex the patient will die in —–
Neurological consequences of HIV along with cancer caused by HIv will (complete/stop)—— with treatment
6 m
Complete regardless of treatment
Ppl livin with HIV and taking HAARt have higher risk of : 1- 2- 3- 4-
Cardiovascular disease Dementia Diabetes Cancer (CNS lymphoma and burkitts) 2C 2D
HAART: Current problem is because of: U=U: Effect of uncompliance in therapy: 3 fam of drugs: Reason of triple therapy: Prep: Role of prep: Composition of prep: Paradoxycal effect of prep:
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
Stigma
Untrasmissible if undetected viral load even if it’s unprotected sex
Resistance
2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + 1 nonnucleoside or integrase inhibitor
If one have resistance there are other 2 working
Pre-exposure prophylaxis: HIV will not transmitted by having sex with a HIV+
Prep=treatment -1
less condoms usage fa balash ynta2al eshya tenye (ducreyi,syphilis)
T or F
Universally the highest HIV percentage is amongst homosexuals
False
Laanu b africa (2/3 of cases) are among heterosexuals
