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OS 213 Respiratory EXAM 1 > Viral Respiratory Infections > Flashcards

Viral Respiratory Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Rhinovirus

A

Picornaviridae

Common cold

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2
Q

Enumerate the different enteroviruses

A 
Polioviruses
Coxsackieviruses A
Coxsackieviruses B
Echoviruses
Enteroviruses
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3
Q

Apthoviruses

A

FMDV

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4
Q

Cardioviruses

A

Murine viruses

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5
Q

Characteristics of Rhinovirus

A

small, naked virus, (+) SSRNA, icosahedral

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6
Q

Primary site of inocultaion of rhinovirus

A

Nasal mucosa

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7
Q

Major human rhinovirus receptor

A

intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1)

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8
Q

Optimal temperature for replictaion of rhinovirus:

A

33-35 degrees celcius

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9
Q

Incubation period of rhinovirus

A

2 to 4 days

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10
Q

Characteristics of adenovirus

A

double stranded DNA, icosahedral, naked virus, 47 human serotypes

Orbiting satellite

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11
Q

Histological landmark of adenovirus:

A

dense central intranuclear inclusion, smudge appearance of halo around the infected cell

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12
Q

Transmission of adenovirus

A

DIrect contact,
Indirect contact
fecal-ral route

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13
Q

Clinical manifestation of adenovirus

A

Respiratory symptoms
Exudative tonsilitis
Pharyngo-conjuctival fever (triad)
Pharyngitis, non-purulent conjunctivtis, CLAD

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14
Q

Characteristics of coronavirus

A

Enveloped, (+) ssRNA, loose helical nucleocapsid, infects humans, other mammals

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15
Q

SARS symptoms

A

High grade fever
Respiratory symptoms: pneumonia
Malaise and body aches
Serious shortness of breath

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16
Q

Laboratory dx of SARS

A

Serological testing
Molecular testing (RT-PCR can detect within the first 10 days)
Culture

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17
Q

MERS Coronavirus

A

Novel corona virus of 2012 (similarity with batCoV)

camels

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18
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Mers Cov

A

Severe acute respiratory illness, Fever, cough, and shortness of breath, acute renal failure

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19
Q

Moratlity of Mers-Cov

A

44.6%

130 laboratory confirmed cases at first

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20
Q

Major reservoir host of mers cov

A

Camel

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21
Q

Sample for MersCov

A

nasopharygeal swab

bronchoalveolar lavage

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22
Q

Screening for mers cov

A

rTPCR: screening UpE
confirmation L ORF1a

positive: 2 (+) gene target or 1 plus other (+) using different sequence

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23
Q

Characteristics of Influenza virus

A

Orthomyxoviridae family

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24
Q

Major serotypes of Influenza virus

A

Influenza A - most severe
Influenza B - no antigenic shifts
Influenza C - most benign

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25
Q

Viral structure of Influenza virus

A

enveloped, single stranded RNA, negative strand, Segmented genome

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26
Q

How many genome segments are there in influenza A and B?

A

8 segments

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27
Q

How many genome segments are there in influenza C?

A

7 segments

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28
Q

Only host for influenza B

A

Humans

29
Q

Unique protein of influenza A

A

M2

30
Q

Unique protein of influenza B

A

NB

31
Q

Unique protein of influenza C

A

HEF

32
Q

Caused by antigenic drift

A

Epidemic

33
Q

Caused by antigenic shift

A

Pandemic

34
Q

Used to name the strain of infuenza

A

Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase

35
Q

Responsible for binding to host receptor, Internalization of the virus, facilitation of membrane-fusion events, target if neutralizing antibodies

A

Hemagglutinin protein

  • H1,2, 3 - most commonly associated with human infections
36
Q

Hydrolyzes the mucus of respiratory epithelium, assist in viral budding and release of virion from cells

A

Neuraminidase protein (if there is too much mucus, virus cannot leave infected cells

-N1, N2 ; most commonly associated with human infections

37
Q

Birdflu

A

H5N1

38
Q

All pandemics are caused by?

A

H1N1

39
Q

Types of Flu

A

Seasonal
Oandamic
Zoonotic or variant

40
Q

Seasonal Flu

A

Influenza A (H1N1) and A(H3N2)

Type B (Victoria and Yamagata)

Type C

41
Q

Pandemic Flu

A

Spanish Flu

A (H1N1)

42
Q

Zoonotic or variant

A

Has the capability of recombining with one another via mixing vessel

Avianc(H5N1), A (H9N2)
Swine A(H1N1), A (H3N2)
43
Q

Animal that serves as mixing vessel

A

Pigs

44
Q

Minor mutations in HA antigen, Makes prior Immunity less effective, occurs primarily among influenza A viruses, UUC represents a msitake in encoding, causing the flu strain to now have phenylalanine

A

Antigenic drift

45
Q

Occurs when two separate strains if influenza infect the same cell simultaneously, Major changes occur in surface antigens. Occurs by mutation or by reassortment

A

Antigenic shit

46
Q

Theories for the emergence of pandemic viruses

A

Genetic reassortment
Direct transfer
Reemergence of viruses

47
Q

Between humans and animal viruses

A

Genetic Reassortment

48
Q

Viruses between animals and hmans

A

Direct transfer

49
Q

from unrecognized or unsuspected reservoirs

A

Reemergence of viruses

50
Q

Hong kong flu

A

1978 H3N2

51
Q

Spanish flu

A

1918

52
Q

Asin flu

A

1957 H2N2

53
Q

Bird flu

A

2003 H5N1

54
Q

Influenza A (H7N9)

A

circulate among birds

Severe manifestation of influenza

55
Q

Clinical manifestations of influenza

A

Abrupt onset of fever, myalgia, soe throat, non productive cough, head ache, may present with associated GI symptoms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

56
Q

Incubation period of influenza

A

2 days (1 - 4)

57
Q

Antibody against the H protein

A

Protective

58
Q

Antibody against N protein

A

Modify disease severity

59
Q

Treatment consideration for influenza

A

Mostly self limiting

Symptomatic care

60
Q

Antiviral therapy for influenza

A

NA inhibitors ( Tamiflu, Zabanivir)

61
Q

Prevention and control of influenza

A

Vaccine (killed (IM) and Live-attenuated)

62
Q

General characteristics of RSV

A

Pleomorphic, enveloped,(-)ssRNA

63
Q

Lack HN protein; contains glycoprotein

A

Pneumovirus

- related to parthomyxoviridae

64
Q

Protein structures of RSV

A

G protein - cell attachment
M protein - virus penetration
F Protein - syncytia

65
Q

Inoculation of RSV occurs through

A

eyes and nose

66
Q

Clinical presentation of RSV

A

Bronchiolitis in severe

Common cold in older children and adults

67
Q

Primary infections usually symptomatic ad lasts for 7-21 days

A

RSV bronchiolitis

68
Q

RSV immunoglobulin

A

Palivizumab

OS 213 Respiratory EXAM 1 (19 decks)

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