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OS 213 Respiratory EXAM 1 > Viral Respiratory Infections > Flashcards

Viral Respiratory Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Rhinovirus

A

Picornaviridae

Common cold

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2
Q

Enumerate the different enteroviruses

A 
Polioviruses
Coxsackieviruses A
Coxsackieviruses B
Echoviruses
Enteroviruses
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3
Q

Apthoviruses

A

FMDV

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4
Q

Cardioviruses

A

Murine viruses

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5
Q

Characteristics of Rhinovirus

A

small, naked virus, (+) SSRNA, icosahedral

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6
Q

Primary site of inocultaion of rhinovirus

A

Nasal mucosa

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7
Q

Major human rhinovirus receptor

A

intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1)

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8
Q

Optimal temperature for replictaion of rhinovirus:

A

33-35 degrees celcius

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9
Q

Incubation period of rhinovirus

A

2 to 4 days

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10
Q

Characteristics of adenovirus

A

double stranded DNA, icosahedral, naked virus, 47 human serotypes

Orbiting satellite

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11
Q

Histological landmark of adenovirus:

A

dense central intranuclear inclusion, smudge appearance of halo around the infected cell

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12
Q

Transmission of adenovirus

A

DIrect contact,
Indirect contact
fecal-ral route

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13
Q

Clinical manifestation of adenovirus

A

Respiratory symptoms
Exudative tonsilitis
Pharyngo-conjuctival fever (triad)
Pharyngitis, non-purulent conjunctivtis, CLAD

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14
Q

Characteristics of coronavirus

A

Enveloped, (+) ssRNA, loose helical nucleocapsid, infects humans, other mammals

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15
Q

SARS symptoms

A

High grade fever
Respiratory symptoms: pneumonia
Malaise and body aches
Serious shortness of breath

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16
Q

Laboratory dx of SARS

A

Serological testing
Molecular testing (RT-PCR can detect within the first 10 days)
Culture

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17
Q

MERS Coronavirus

A

Novel corona virus of 2012 (similarity with batCoV)

camels

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18
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Mers Cov

A

Severe acute respiratory illness, Fever, cough, and shortness of breath, acute renal failure

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19
Q

Moratlity of Mers-Cov

A

44.6%

130 laboratory confirmed cases at first

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20
Q

Major reservoir host of mers cov

A

Camel

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21
Q

Sample for MersCov

A

nasopharygeal swab

bronchoalveolar lavage

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22
Q

Screening for mers cov

A

rTPCR: screening UpE
confirmation L ORF1a

positive: 2 (+) gene target or 1 plus other (+) using different sequence

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23
Q

Characteristics of Influenza virus

A

Orthomyxoviridae family

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24
Q

Major serotypes of Influenza virus

A

Influenza A - most severe
Influenza B - no antigenic shifts
Influenza C - most benign

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25
Viral structure of Influenza virus
enveloped, single stranded RNA, negative strand, Segmented genome
26
How many genome segments are there in influenza A and B?
8 segments
27
How many genome segments are there in influenza C?
7 segments
28
Only host for influenza B
Humans
29
Unique protein of influenza A
M2
30
Unique protein of influenza B
NB
31
Unique protein of influenza C
HEF
32
Caused by antigenic drift
Epidemic
33
Caused by antigenic shift
Pandemic
34
Used to name the strain of infuenza
Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase
35
Responsible for binding to host receptor, Internalization of the virus, facilitation of membrane-fusion events, target if neutralizing antibodies
Hemagglutinin protein - H1,2, 3 - most commonly associated with human infections
36
Hydrolyzes the mucus of respiratory epithelium, assist in viral budding and release of virion from cells
Neuraminidase protein (if there is too much mucus, virus cannot leave infected cells -N1, N2 ; most commonly associated with human infections
37
Birdflu
H5N1
38
All pandemics are caused by?
H1N1
39
Types of Flu
Seasonal Oandamic Zoonotic or variant
40
Seasonal Flu
Influenza A (H1N1) and A(H3N2) Type B (Victoria and Yamagata) Type C
41
Pandemic Flu
Spanish Flu | A (H1N1)
42
Zoonotic or variant
Has the capability of recombining with one another via mixing vessel ``` Avianc(H5N1), A (H9N2) Swine A(H1N1), A (H3N2) ```
43
Animal that serves as mixing vessel
Pigs
44
Minor mutations in HA antigen, Makes prior Immunity less effective, occurs primarily among influenza A viruses, UUC represents a msitake in encoding, causing the flu strain to now have phenylalanine
Antigenic drift
45
Occurs when two separate strains if influenza infect the same cell simultaneously, Major changes occur in surface antigens. Occurs by mutation or by reassortment
Antigenic shit
46
Theories for the emergence of pandemic viruses
Genetic reassortment Direct transfer Reemergence of viruses
47
Between humans and animal viruses
Genetic Reassortment
48
Viruses between animals and hmans
Direct transfer
49
from unrecognized or unsuspected reservoirs
Reemergence of viruses
50
Hong kong flu
1978 H3N2
51
Spanish flu
1918
52
Asin flu
1957 H2N2
53
Bird flu
2003 H5N1
54
Influenza A (H7N9)
circulate among birds | Severe manifestation of influenza
55
Clinical manifestations of influenza
Abrupt onset of fever, myalgia, soe throat, non productive cough, head ache, may present with associated GI symptoms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
56
Incubation period of influenza
2 days (1 - 4)
57
Antibody against the H protein
Protective
58
Antibody against N protein
Modify disease severity
59
Treatment consideration for influenza
Mostly self limiting | Symptomatic care
60
Antiviral therapy for influenza
NA inhibitors ( Tamiflu, Zabanivir)
61
Prevention and control of influenza
Vaccine (killed (IM) and Live-attenuated)
62
General characteristics of RSV
Pleomorphic, enveloped,(-)ssRNA
63
Lack HN protein; contains glycoprotein
Pneumovirus | - related to parthomyxoviridae
64
Protein structures of RSV
G protein - cell attachment M protein - virus penetration F Protein - syncytia
65
Inoculation of RSV occurs through
eyes and nose
66
Clinical presentation of RSV
Bronchiolitis in severe | Common cold in older children and adults
67
Primary infections usually symptomatic ad lasts for 7-21 days
RSV bronchiolitis
68
RSV immunoglobulin
Palivizumab

OS 213 Respiratory EXAM 1 (19 decks)

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