Victimology

Question 1

BCS

Answer 1

British crime survey: self-report study

• Those living in the poorest areas are most to be subject to crime (no human insurance, no CCTV
• Males are most likely to be victims in crime, particularly assault, violent crime. 16-24 years old. Most likely to be involved in crime, committing and victim.
• Females are more likely to be victims of sexual assault and violence.
• Honour killings are usually conducted against women
• Young people are hugely unrepresented
• Martial rape
• People do not realise they are a victim of crime
• ‘victimless crimes’, e.g drug taking, underage drinking.
• Knife crime stats have hugely increased, never used to be reported now it is, looks like a higher increase than it is.
• Police often show a poor attitude when young people report/ are victims of crime. E.g Rape
• In 2009 less than 10% of rape cases end up in court, a person’s characteristics and credibility.
• Christie described the ‘ideal victim’: weaker than offender, does not know the offender, going about their business.

Question 2

Liberal victimologists: Carribine

Answer 2

Liberal victimologists, are interested in every victim.
Carribine:
They came up with the term ‘secondary victimisation’ and why we have negative attitudes towards victims of crime. ‘primary victimisation’ is the crime itself. Currently the BCS only focuses on street crime and ignores crimes committed by the ruling class.

Question 3

Radical victimologists

Answer 3

Radical/critical victimology’s:
Look at mass scale victims of crime, e.g criticism of green crime, human rights abuse crimes. Also interested in the harm done to the innocent by the criminal justice sustem itself, eg excessive stop and searches wrongful arrest and false imprisonment

Question 4

Positivist victimology

Answer 4

Positivist victimology
Analyses rates of victimisation based on stats that focuses on violent crimes and how victims might contribute to this happening “victim pprecipitation”

Question 5

Hoyle 2012

Answer 5

Hoyle 2012
Crime surveys can: identify victims who have not been reported to police, in-depth local studies about victims, creates data on victims experiences of crime.

Question 6

BCS focuses on these factors:

Answer 6

• Age,men 16-24 highest victims
• Sex, men except rape and DV
• Routine activities, people who go out and drink
• Ethnicity, e.m.g
• Location, poorer working class areas.