Gender and Crime

Question 1

Radical feminism

Answer 1

Heidensohn
argues women commit less crime because of patriarchal society, controls women a home, work and in public

home- domestic role, no oppression, bedroom cult, not going out due to father control
public- sexual voilence, media creates fear of rape
work- ‘glass ceiling’ prevents white collar crime

Question 2

Winlow 2001

Answer 2

conducted study- bouncers in Birmingham, area of dindustrilisation and high unemployment
found young men likely to be employed as a bouncer, paid way of demonstrating masquilinity

Question 3

Seduction of crime

Answer 3

Katz, PM

1. search for pleasure/emotional thrills in face of boredem
2. as masquilinity which instils into men, importance of success and control over others
3. search for male identity to feel comfortable

committing crime- boredom, exist, identity seeking, masculinity

Question 4

Socialist feminism

Answer 4

Carlen 1988
study of 39 women, unstructured
-w.c female liberation, no reason to conform, nothing to loose with crme
-women conform due to ‘class and gender deals’, sacrifice freedom/hard work, w.c no qualification, poverty, no reason to conform
-‘gender deal’ also involves long term relationship, patriarchal ideologies, controlled in return of family
w.c abused, lived in care, opposed gender deal

Question 5

sex-role theory

Answer 5

female role, socialisation = lower crime rate

parsons–> expressive, internalise caring, empathy, reducing likelihood of crime
child-caring role–> women more attached to family and communities, stronger bonds
buiser–> women do more and have less time/opps to commit

Question 6

‘the changing role’/liberationist

Answer 6

alder 1975; argues girls are committing more crimes due to freedom and roles declining, adopting masculine traits
descombe; girls more likely to adopt risky behaviour ‘look hard’

Question 7

stats

Answer 7

4/5 convicted offenders are male
by age 40, 32% criminal convictions, 9% women
45% female crime is shop lifting

Question 8

masculinity and high male crime rates

Answer 8

socialisation–> ‘rough and tough’ more likely to be delinquent, parsons internalised during adolescence= delinquent behaviour
subcultures–> younger boys joined ‘gangs’ create relationship with older males create reputation

Question 9

Chivarlry thesis

Answer 9

Haralambos and Holborn
suggests statistics do not reflect reality
instead of male law enforces protect women from justice system, socialised into ‘gentlemanliness’
mens ‘chivalric values’, women incapable of crimes such as child abuse as it goes against their values.

14% women convicted, 26% men

Question 10

Gender points

Answer 10

• sex role theory
• chivarly thesis
• winlow 2001
• masquilinity and high crime rates
• radical feminism
• seduction of crime