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A. White- Human Anatomy > Vessels and Circulation 1 > Flashcards

Vessels and Circulation 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an anastomosis?

A

Site where two or more blood vessels merge to supply the same body region

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2
Q

What are the vasa vasorum

A

Small blood vessels that supply the cells of the vessel wall

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3
Q

Do ARTERIES become larger OR smaller as they progress from the heart?

A

Arteries become progressively smaller as they get further the heart.

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4
Q

Which vessel type forms more anastomoses, veins or arteries?

A

Veins tend to form more anastomoses than arteries.

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5
Q

Blood oxygen levels in veins of the systemic system are ______ in oxygen?

A

LOW

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6
Q

Where are veins and arteries usually found in relation to the body?

A

Veins are usually more superficial than arteries. Arteries are usually more deep than the veins.

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7
Q

Name the three kinds of capillaries.

A
  • Continuous
  • Fenestrated
  • Discontinuous
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8
Q

These blood vessels contain only the tunica intima.

A

Capillaries

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9
Q

Arteries in the systemic circulation carry _______ blood to the body and tissues?

A

OXYGENATED

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10
Q

Name the three types of arteries

A
  • Elastic
  • Muscular
  • Arterioles
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11
Q

Name the three layers or tunics of the blood vessels

A
  • Tunica intima
  • Tunica media
  • Tunica externa
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12
Q

This tunic is composed of an areolar connective tissue that contains elastic fibers, collagen fibers, and nerve fibers.

A

Tunica externa (tunica adventia)

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13
Q

What is the inner most layer of a vessel wall

A

Tunica intima (tunica Interna)

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14
Q

What is the middle layer of the vessel wall?

A

Tunica media

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15
Q

What is an aneurysm?

A

Ballooning and/ or rupture of the vessel due to a weak vessel wall

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16
Q

What is the outermost layer of the blood vessel wall?

A

Tunica externa (tunica adventia)

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17
Q

Which blood vessel type contains a higher content of collagen and elastic fibers?

A

Arteries contain more elastic and collagen fiber types than veins.

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18
Q

This tunic is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells under autonomic control.

A

Tunica media

NOTE: this tunic does contain elastic fibers as well

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19
Q

Blood oxygen levels in arteries of the systemic system are ______ in oxygen?

A

HIGH

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20
Q

The smallest blood vessels are?

A

Capillaries

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21
Q

What are the functions of valves in veins?

A

To prevent pooling in the limbs and backflow in the veins

22
Q

Pulmonary circulation consists of the blood vessels that extend where?

A

To the lungs for gas exchange and then return oxygenated blood to the heart

23
Q

Do VEINS become larger OR smaller as they progress towards the heart?

A

Veins become progressively larger as they merge and get closer to the heart.

24
Q

Capillary type found in muscle, skin, lungs, and the CNS?

A

Continuous capillaries

25
Q

What is the function of anastomoses?

A

To provide alternate blood supply routes to tissues or organs. (aka collateral circulation)

26
Q

Blood oxygen levels in arteries of the pulmonary system are ______ in oxygen?

A

LOW

27
Q

This tunic is composed of simple squamous epithelium.

A

Tunica intima (tunica interna)

28
Q

Systemic circulation consists of the blood vessels that extend where?

A

To and from the body tissues

29
Q

Compare the general wall thickness of arteries and veins.

A
  • Arteries are thicker than companion vein
  • Veins are thinner than companion artery
30
Q

In relation to the heart, blood flow in arteries takes blood where?

A

Arteries transport blood AWAY from the heart to the body.

31
Q

Blood pressure is lower In which vessel type?

A

Blood pressure is lower in veins than arteries.

32
Q

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result as a change in the tunic?

A

Tunica media

33
Q

What s the thickest tunic of an artery and a vein?

A
  • arteries = tunica media
  • veins = tunica externa
34
Q

Capillary type found in the suprarenal glands, spleen, liver and anterior pituitary gland?

A

Discontinuous capillaries

35
Q

Capillary type found in the GI tract, kidney, and endocrine glands?

A

Fenestrated capillaries

36
Q

This tunic helps to anchor the vessel to other tissues and provides both support and protection

A

Tunica externa (tunica adventia)

37
Q

In relation to the heart, where would you find muscular arteries?

A

Further away from the heart.

38
Q

Name the 3 main classes of blood vessels

A
  • Arteries
  • Capillaries
  • Veins
39
Q

What are functional end arteries?

A

Vessels whose anastomoses are so small that they may be considered tend arteries.

40
Q

What is the most common capillary type?

A

Continuous capillaries.

41
Q

In relation to the heart, blood flow in veins takes blood where?

A

Veins transports blood from the body TO the heart.

42
Q

What are the functions of the capillaries?

A
  • To connect arterioles to venules
  • Allow for rapid gas and nutrient exchange between the blood and the body tissues
43
Q

Arteries of the ______ system carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

A

PULMONARY

44
Q

As an artery’s diameter decreases, the amount of elastic fibers ______ and the amount of smooth muscle ______?

A

DECREASE, INCREASE

45
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

Fatty deposits and occlusion of the arteries

46
Q

What are anatomical end arteries?

A

Vessels whose terminal branches to not anastomose.

47
Q

Blood oxygen levels in veins of the pulmonary system are ______ in oxygen?

A

HIGH

48
Q

In relation to the heart, where would you find elastic arteries?

A

Closer to the heart.

49
Q

Compare the diameter of the lumen diameter of arteries and veins.

A
  • Arteries are more narrow than veins.
  • Veins are wider than arteries and often collapsed
50
Q

What is arteriosclerosis?

A

Hardening of the arteries

A. White- Human Anatomy (23 decks)

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