Vessels and Circulation 1 Flashcards
What is an anastomosis?
Site where two or more blood vessels merge to supply the same body region
What are the vasa vasorum
Small blood vessels that supply the cells of the vessel wall
Do ARTERIES become larger OR smaller as they progress from the heart?
Arteries become progressively smaller as they get further the heart.
Which vessel type forms more anastomoses, veins or arteries?
Veins tend to form more anastomoses than arteries.
Blood oxygen levels in veins of the systemic system are ______ in oxygen?
LOW
Where are veins and arteries usually found in relation to the body?
Veins are usually more superficial than arteries. Arteries are usually more deep than the veins.
Name the three kinds of capillaries.
- Continuous
- Fenestrated
- Discontinuous
These blood vessels contain only the tunica intima.
Capillaries
Arteries in the systemic circulation carry _______ blood to the body and tissues?
OXYGENATED
Name the three types of arteries
- Elastic
- Muscular
- Arterioles
Name the three layers or tunics of the blood vessels
- Tunica intima
- Tunica media
- Tunica externa
This tunic is composed of an areolar connective tissue that contains elastic fibers, collagen fibers, and nerve fibers.
Tunica externa (tunica adventia)
What is the inner most layer of a vessel wall
Tunica intima (tunica Interna)
What is the middle layer of the vessel wall?
Tunica media
What is an aneurysm?
Ballooning and/ or rupture of the vessel due to a weak vessel wall
What is the outermost layer of the blood vessel wall?
Tunica externa (tunica adventia)
Which blood vessel type contains a higher content of collagen and elastic fibers?
Arteries contain more elastic and collagen fiber types than veins.
This tunic is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells under autonomic control.
Tunica media
NOTE: this tunic does contain elastic fibers as well
Blood oxygen levels in arteries of the systemic system are ______ in oxygen?
HIGH
The smallest blood vessels are?
Capillaries
What are the functions of valves in veins?
To prevent pooling in the limbs and backflow in the veins
Pulmonary circulation consists of the blood vessels that extend where?
To the lungs for gas exchange and then return oxygenated blood to the heart
Do VEINS become larger OR smaller as they progress towards the heart?
Veins become progressively larger as they merge and get closer to the heart.
Capillary type found in muscle, skin, lungs, and the CNS?
Continuous capillaries
What is the function of anastomoses?
To provide alternate blood supply routes to tissues or organs. (aka collateral circulation)
Blood oxygen levels in arteries of the pulmonary system are ______ in oxygen?
LOW
This tunic is composed of simple squamous epithelium.
Tunica intima (tunica interna)
Systemic circulation consists of the blood vessels that extend where?
To and from the body tissues
Compare the general wall thickness of arteries and veins.
- Arteries are thicker than companion vein
- Veins are thinner than companion artery
In relation to the heart, blood flow in arteries takes blood where?
Arteries transport blood AWAY from the heart to the body.
Blood pressure is lower In which vessel type?
Blood pressure is lower in veins than arteries.
Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result as a change in the tunic?
Tunica media
What s the thickest tunic of an artery and a vein?
- arteries = tunica media
- veins = tunica externa
Capillary type found in the suprarenal glands, spleen, liver and anterior pituitary gland?
Discontinuous capillaries
Capillary type found in the GI tract, kidney, and endocrine glands?
Fenestrated capillaries
This tunic helps to anchor the vessel to other tissues and provides both support and protection
Tunica externa (tunica adventia)
In relation to the heart, where would you find muscular arteries?
Further away from the heart.
Name the 3 main classes of blood vessels
- Arteries
- Capillaries
- Veins
What are functional end arteries?
Vessels whose anastomoses are so small that they may be considered tend arteries.
What is the most common capillary type?
Continuous capillaries.
In relation to the heart, blood flow in veins takes blood where?
Veins transports blood from the body TO the heart.
What are the functions of the capillaries?
- To connect arterioles to venules
- Allow for rapid gas and nutrient exchange between the blood and the body tissues
Arteries of the ______ system carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
PULMONARY
As an artery’s diameter decreases, the amount of elastic fibers ______ and the amount of smooth muscle ______?
DECREASE, INCREASE
What is atherosclerosis?
Fatty deposits and occlusion of the arteries
What are anatomical end arteries?
Vessels whose terminal branches to not anastomose.
Blood oxygen levels in veins of the pulmonary system are ______ in oxygen?
HIGH
In relation to the heart, where would you find elastic arteries?
Closer to the heart.
Compare the diameter of the lumen diameter of arteries and veins.
- Arteries are more narrow than veins.
- Veins are wider than arteries and often collapsed
What is arteriosclerosis?
Hardening of the arteries
