The Brachial Plexus Flashcards
V?
Posterior cord
M
Posterior (superior) (division)
I
Lower subscapular
T
Musculocutaneous nerve
C
Lower (trunk)
The medial pectoral, brachial and antebrachial cutaneous nerves arise from what cord?
medial cord
14
Trunks
P
Medial (cord)
L
Anterior (middle) (divison)
What is L?
Axillary artery
A
Upper (trunk)
N
Musculocutaneous
E?
Long thoracic nerve
11
Cords
What is B?
Posterior cord
What is C?
Median nerve
G?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
H
Inferior (trunk)
H
Upper subscapular
What spinal nerves make the long thoracic nerve?
C5 - 7
X?
Dorsal scapular nerve
3
Nerve to subclavius
Q
Posterior (cord)
M?
Radial nerve
P
Posterior cord
J
Union of median nerve roots
What is A?
Lateral cord
In the arm (brachium), what nerve is present in the posterior compartment?
radial nerve
What is D?
Lateral root
8
Thoracodorsal nerve
15
Roots (anterior rami)
V
Anterior (ventral) rami
M
Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the muscles in the anterior segment of the arm known as?
flexors (biceps and brachilais)
What is K?
Cutaneous nerve
E
T1
O
Lateral (cord)
F
Middle pectoral
The nerve to the subclavius arises from what region of the brachial plexus?
the upper trunk (C5 & C6)
12
Suprascapular nerve
You encounter a patient who has had lymph nodes removed has subsequently experienced pain in their arm. They are unable to raise their arm pst 90 degrees. What spinal nerve is most likely injured?
Long thoracic nerve (C5, 6, 7, raise your arms to heaven!)
E
Long thoracic
2
Long thoracic nerve
What is B?
Superficial branch of radial nerve
In the arm, what are the grouop of muscles in the posterior compartment called?
extensors (triceps).
C?
Phrenic nerve
What regions of the brachial plexus make up the supraclavicular region?
the roots and trunks.
L?
Deep branch
The thoracodorsal nerve and the upper & lower subscapular nerves arise from what cord?
posterior cord
X
Posterior (dorsal) root
In the arm (brachium), what nerve is present in the anterior compartment?
musculocutaneous nerve
T
Posterior divisions
E
T1
S
Lower trunk (C8-T1)
F?
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
What is G?
Median nerve
A?
C5
7
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
V
Nerve to subclavius
D
C8
The dorsal scapular nerve arises from what spinal nerve?
C5 of the brachial plexus.
I?
Ulnar nerve
What is I?
Radial nerve
What is F?
Radial nerve
I
Ulnar nerve
W
Median nerve
B
Middle (trunk)
What is H?
Median nerve
What is E?
Interosseous membrane
6
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
B
C6
W
Posterior (dorsal) rami
G
Anterior division of C8-T1
W?
Suprascapular nerve
T
Middle trunk (C7)
D
C8
13
Divisions
C
C7
K
Median nerve
4
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
N?
Radial nerve
N
Anterior (superior) (division)
L
Radial nerve
L
Median
R
Anterior division of C5-C7
What nerves make up the brachial plexus?
The ventral rami of C5 - T1.
S?
Subscapular nerve
You encounter a patient who nearly fell out of a tree, but grabbed onto a branch at the last minute. They experience pain and weakness in extending the fingers, and present a claw hand. What does the patient have, and what spinal nerves are affected?
Klumpke’s Palsy; C8 & T1 spinal nerves.
In the forearm (antebrachium), what nerve is present in the posterior compartment?
radial nerve
You encounter a infant patient that was abnormally pulled out of the birth canal. The patient’s arm is medially rotated, the wrist is flexed, and the patient is unable to move the elbow or forearm. What does the patient have, and what nerve roots are most likely affected?
Erb’s Palsy; C5 & 6
5
Medial pectoral nerve
You encounter a patient whose job includes spending long hours in front of a computer typing reports. They experience pain when flexing their second and third digits. What nerve is most likely affected?
Median nerve (C6 - T1 spinal nerve roots).
In the forearm (antebracium), what nerves are present in the anterior compartment?
ulnar and median nerves
P
Posterior (cord)
B?
T1
N
Axillary nerve
W
Dorsal scapular
You encounter a patient who experienced a frature to the humerus when playing football. They cannot fully abduct their arm or rotate it laterally. What nerve is most likely affected?
axillary nerve (C5 & 6)
What is A?
Brachioradialis m.
I
Anterior (inferior) (division)
F
Posterior divisions of C5-T1
P?
Musculocutaneous nerve
D?
Nerve to the subclavius
You encounter a patient who has fractured their right humerus (medial epicondyle) in a car accident. They have difficult flexing the wrist and fingers, as well as difficulty abducting and adducting them. What nerves have most likely been injured?
ulnar nerve (C8, T1, C7)
T?
Medial cord
O?
Median nerve
A
C5
What is C?
Medial cord
The lateral pectoral nerve originates from what cord?
lateral cord.
U
Axillary nerve
1
Dorsal scapular nerve
What are the names of the sections of the brachial plexus (starting at the roots?)
Roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches
U?
Lateral cord
What is E?
Medial root
What regions of the brachial plexus make up the infraclavicular region?
Divisions, cords and branches.
9
Terminal branches (peripheral nerves)
O
Medial cord
B
C6
Q?
axillary nerve
F
Superior (trunk)
What is D?
Ulnar nerve
S
Lateral root
V
Radial nerve
J
Thoracodorsal
R
Medial root
KK
Ulnar
A
C5
C
C7
K
Medial cutaneous nerves of the arm and forearm
K?
Superficial branch
U
Suprascapular
G
Lateral pectoral
J
Posterior (inferior) (divsion)
K
Posterior (middle) (divsion)
H?
Thoracodorsal nerve
U
Upper trunk (C5-C6)
S
Cords
Q
Lateral cord
What is J?
Axillary nerve
10
Lateral pectoral nerve
H
Axillary artery
M
Radial
R?
Axillary artery
What is F?
Ulnar nerve
D
Trunks
You encounter a patient who has broken their humerus and leg and are currently using crutches. They experience pain in moving the wrist. What spinal nerve roots are most likely affected?
The radial nerve (C5 - T1).
R
Lateral (cord)
Q
Medial (cord)
X
Ulnar nerve
J?
Anterior interosseous nerve
O
Axillary
G
Middle (trunk)
