Vasculature Of The Abdominal Viscera Flashcards
Where does the abdominal aorta enter the abdomen?
Through the aortic hiatus
True or false: the abdominal aorta is retroperitoneal
True
Where does the aorta terminate?
At L4
What is located to the right of the aora?
The inferior vena cava
What forms the aortic hiatus?
The left and right crus of the diaphragm
Where are the anterior longitudinal ligament and vertebral bodies?
Posterior to the aorta
Is the aorta retroperitoneal?
Yes
Where is the abdominal aorta in relation to other structures?
IVC (right)
Pancreas (anterior)
Duodenum (anterior)
Root of the mesentery (anterior)
What are paired branches of the abdominal aorta?
Inferior phrenic
Subcostal and lumbar
Middle suprarenal
Renal
Gonadal
Common iliarc
What are the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta?
Celiac artery
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
Median sacral
Where does the celiac trunk branch?
From the aorta immediately below the aortic hiatus.
What is the celiac trunk surrounded by?
Celiac plexus and ganglia
What are the 3 major branches of the celiac trunk?
Left gastric (superior)
Common hepatic (right)
Splenic (left(
What does the left gastric artery anstomose with?
Branches of the right gastric along the lesser curvature
What does the common hepatic artery branch into?
Proper hepatic artery (superior)
Gastroduodenal artery (inferior)
What does the hepatic artery end as?
The right and left hepatic arteries
What is the cystic artery usually a branch of?
The right hepatic artery
What is the splenic artery from?
The celiac trunk.
It runs posterior to the stomach, and superior to the pancreas.
What does the left gastro-omental artery anastomose with?
The right gastro-omental on the greater curvature of the stomach.
What are the contents of the hepatoduodenal ligament?
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
Bile duct
What is the function of the portal vein?
It brings deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the GI tract to the liver.
What is the function of the hepatic artery?
It supplies oxygenated blood.
It further divides into the left and right hepatic arteries.
What do the right and left hepatic veins drain into?
The right and left sides of the inferior vena cava.
Do the hepatic veins follow the branching patterns of portal veins, hepatic ducts and the hepatic artery?
No
Where does the gall bladder and biliary tract lie?
In the hepatic fossa
Where does the fundus contact the anterior abdominal wall of the midclavicular line?
At the 9th or 10th costal cartilage
Where does the superior mesenteric artery arise from?
The aorta posterior to the neck of the pancreas.
What does the pancreas receive branches from?
The celiac and superior mesenteric arteries.
What is the first branch of the superior mesenteric artery?
An inferior pancreaticoduodenal.
Where do branches from the superior mesenteric artery meet branches from the gastroduodenal?
The anterior and posterior surfaces of the head of the pancreas.
Where does the superior mesenteric artery branch?
To the small intestine.
It containst he inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal arteries and ileal arteries
What are branches of the superior mesenteric artery found in the large intestine?
Ileocolic artery
Right colic artery
Middle colic artery
What are the branches of the ileocolic artery?
Posterior cecal branch
Anterior cecal branch
Ileal branches
Appendicular branch
What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?
Derivativees of the hindgut.
It branches into the left colic artery and sigmoid arteries.
Where does the hepatic portal system begin?
As capillaries in the digestive system. It ends as capillaries in the liver.
It is oxygen poor, and nutrient rich.
It also dains blood from the esophagus to the upper anal canal.
What does the hepatic portal system end as?
Capillaries in the liver.
For about two inches of the protal vein, there are no valves.
Interesting.
What is the hepatic portal system formed by?
Splenic vein
Superior mesenteric vein
Inferior mesenteric vein
Where does the hepatic portal system form?
Posterior to the neck of the pancreas.
It ends as the right and left branches in the liver.
Where does the hepatic portal system run?
Through the hepatoduodenal ligament to enter the liver at the porta hepatis.
What are some direct tributaries of the portal vein?
Cystic vein
Left gastric vein
Right gastric vein
What are direct tributaries of the splenic vein?
Splenic vein
Short gastric vein
Left gastro-omental vein
Pancreatic vein
What are direct tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein?
Right gastro-omental
Pancreaticoduodenal
What are the components of the superior mesenteric vein?
Intestinal vein
Ileocolic vein
Right colic vein
Middle colic vein
Where does blood of the stomach and esophagus drain superiorly into?
The azygous system.
Where dos blood of the stomach and esophagus drain inferiorly into?
The portal system
What do common iliac veins join to form at L5?
Inferior vena cava
Where is the formation of the common iliac veins to form the inferior vena cava?
L5
Where does the inferior vena cava pierce the central tendon of the diaphragm?
T8
What does the inferior vena cava drain?
The posterior body wall muscles
Genitourinary system
Lower limbs
What are the main tributaries of the inferior vena cava?
Common iliacs
Lumbar veins
Renal veins
Hepatic veins
What are tributaries of the inferior vena cava?
Right and left common iliac veins
Middle sacral veins
Lumbar veins
Right and left renal vein
Right gonadal vein
Right suprarenal vein
Hepatic vein
Inferior phrenic vein
Where do veins from the gastrointestinal tract normally drain into?
The portal vein, either directly or indirectly.
What are connections between the poral venous system and the inferior vena cava system important?
When the liver is blocked from diseases such as cirrhosis.
Blood flows back through the portal system and through the interconnections with the inferior vena cava to return to the heart.
What are the four main ways for blood to bypass the liver?
Esophageal branches of the left gastric vein
Paraumbilical vins in the falciform ligament
Colic veins to retroperitoneal veins
Between superior rectal veins and middle and inferior rectal veins.
Where does the abdominal aorta begin?
At T12
