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Science > Vertebrate Test > Flashcards

Vertebrate Test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What animal is the closest link to terrestrial vertebrates

A

Lobe finned fish

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2
Q

What class of fish is cartilaginous and has jaws

A

Cartilaginous fish

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3
Q

Where do lungfish live

A

Mud and at great depths

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4
Q

Name and describe the three classes of bony fish

A

Ray finned
Majority of fish
Have long spines that form fins

, lung,
Live in austrailia,Africa, South America,
In wet season they live in water in great depths, using gills to eliminate CO2, bring in air through primitive lung
In the dry season they burrow into the mud and become dormant

coelacanth fish
2 species alive today
Have stubby fins and triple lobed tail
Found off of coast of East Africa, Austrailia (Indian Ocean)
Closest link to terrestrial vertebrates
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5
Q

Name the three main classes of fish and examples of each

A

Class Agnatha
Lampreys and hagfish

Class Chondrichthyes
Sharks, skates, Rays

Class Osteichthyes
Ray finned fish, lungfish, coelacanth

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6
Q

How many chambers heart do fish have

A

2

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7
Q

What does Chondrichthyes mean

A

Cartilage fish

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8
Q

What fish has six hearts and lacks eyes

A

Hagfish

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9
Q

What fish has circular sucking discs

A

Lampreys

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10
Q

Oste means what

A

Bone

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11
Q

What percent of vertebrates are bony fish

A

40%

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12
Q

Know the fish parts on diagram

A

You can do it!

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13
Q

Know the functions of the fish parts

A

Hang in there !

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14
Q

Are fish cold or warm blooded

A

Cold

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15
Q

What does amphibian mean

A

Both life

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16
Q

List the 3 orders of amphibians and give examples of each

A 
Order Anura (frogs and toads)
Urodela (salamanders)
Apoda (caecilians)
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17
Q

Adult amphibians eggs lack what

A

Shells

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18
Q

Urodela means what

A

Visible tail

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19
Q

Anura means

A

Without a tail

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20
Q

How many chambers does an adult amphibian have, tadpoles

A

3, 2

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21
Q

Why must amphibians live in moist ares

A

Aquatic larvae
Eggs don’t have shells, they dry out
Skin has no protective covering to prevent it from drying out
Most adults bring in some O2 through their skin

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22
Q

Animals that can’t regulate body temperature are considered

A

Cold blooded

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23
Q

List three ways to toads and frogs apart

A

Frogs have longer legs than toads, frogs have slender bodies and toads have squat bodies, frogs have smooth skin and toads are covered in bumps

24
Q

How long does it take tadpoles to hatch

A

1-3 weeks

25
Q

Frogs have what kind of fertilization

A

External fertilization or oviparous

26
Q

What group of amphibians are blind

A

Order Apoda or caecilians

27
Q

Apoda means

A

Without legs

28
Q

Know the parts of the frog!

A

You got this!

29
Q

Know the function of the frog parts

A

You know this!

30
Q

How many species of amphibians are there

A

Approx. 4,000

31
Q

What does amphi and bios mean

A

Both and life

32
Q

Amphibians live part of their life in what

A

Water

33
Q

Amphibians lack

A

Claws and scales

34
Q

Amphibians have

A

Moist skin with many glands

35
Q

Amphibians have a what circulatory system, know what it looks like

A

Closed

36
Q

What are the parts of the adult amphibians heart

A

Right atrium, left atrium, ventricle

37
Q

Know what a tadpole heart looks like

A

Just keep going!

38
Q

Amphibians kidneys filter nitrogenous waste from blood. Is sent to the. For release or stored briefly in the urinary bladder

A

Urine, cloaca

39
Q

Amphibians have well developed what that can do what

A

Eyes. Can almost see complete circle around them

40
Q

Amphibians have well developed but no

A

Hearing, external ear openings

41
Q

What are the steps in frogs fertilization

A
  1. Males climb on the females back
  2. Females release approximately 200 eggs and the male fertilizes them
  3. Fertilized eggs are surrounded by a transparent jelly and attached to an under water plant
  4. Tadpoles hatch in 1-3 weeks
42
Q

What type of fertilization do salamanders have, how do they sometimes fertilize

A

Internal, oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous, males lay a pocket of sperm and female inserts pocket into her cloaca

43
Q

Where do order Anura live, where are frogs and toads found

A

All over US, both in moist areas, toads can be in dry areas

44
Q

Where do urodela live, salamanders that live mainly in water are called what

A

Moist areas, newts

45
Q

What are characteristics of Apoda

A

Have slender bodies and no limbs,
Resemble worms
Most adults are either blind or have tiny eyes

46
Q

What are the most primitive living vertebrates today

A

Fish

47
Q

What are characteristics of fish

A

Most have scales and fins

Have pharyngeal slits (gills)

48
Q

How do fish feed

A

All types

49
Q

Most fish breath through what using what

A

Gills, countercurrent exchange

50
Q

What kind of circulatory system do fish have

A

2 chambered hearts, with atrium and ventricle, closed circulatory system

51
Q

, containing waste is removed through , and ,

A

Nitrogen, gills, kidneys

52
Q

Most fish are either

A

Male or female

53
Q

What are the 3 main strategies of fish reproduction and what are they

A

Oviparous
Lay eggs and the eggs are extremely fertilized

Ovoviviparous
Internal fertilization , eggs develop inside the female nourished be a yolk sac

Viviparous
Internal fertilization resulting in embryos nourished by the mother , babies born alive

54
Q

What are class Agnatha , describe the fish

A

Jawless fish

Lampreys
Parasitic as adults, attach to fish and suck out tissue and fluids, have circular sucking discs

Hagfishes
Most primitive vertebrate alive today
Lacks eyes
Feed on dead/dying fish
Secrete slime
Have 6 hearts
Open circulatory system
Tie themselves in knots
55
Q

Characteristics of class Chondrichthyes

A

Endoskeleton is cartliege and not bones

Have tooth like scales

56
Q

Characteristics of sharks

A

225 living species
3000 teeth that are continuously replaced
Goes through 20000 teeth in a lifetime
Teeth point backwards

57
Q

Characteristics of Rays and skates

A

Flattened top to bottom

Move by flapping wing like pectoral fins

Science (18 decks)

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