Vertebrae Flashcards
What is the vertebral column made up of?
- 7 cervical vertebrae
- 12 thoracic vertebrae
- 5 lumbar vertebrae
- 5 sacral vertebrae (sacrum)
- 3-5 coccygeal vertebrae (coccyx)
What is the vertebral foramen?
Is the large hole found in the central portion of each vertebra
What is the vertebral body?
Is the saddle/round/oval shaped structure that constitutes the main part of each vertebra
What is the Vertebral arch?
Encloses the spinal cord posterior to the vertebral body
What is the Pedicle?
Is the short segment of the vertebral arch closest to the vertebral body
What is the Lamina?
Is the portion of the vertebral arch that connects the pedicle to the spinous process
What is the Spinous process?
Are the projections of bone found at the back (posterior) of each vertebra, along the midline
What is the Transverse process?
Are the projections of bone found either side of a vertebra and project outwards.
What is the Superior articular facet?
Are the articular surfaces found on the superior surface of each vertebra.
What is the Inferior articular facet?
Are the articular surfaces found on the inferior surface of each vertebra.
What is the Anterior tubercle?
Is the anteriorly placed projection of bone forming the anterior portion of a cervical vertebra’s transverse process.
What is the Posterior tubercle?
Is the posteriorly placed projection of bone forming the posterior portion of a cervical vertebra’s transverse process
What is the transverse foramen?
Are ONLY found on cervical vertebrae. They are small holes found adjacent to the vertebral body.
What are the Costal facets?
Are ONLY found on thoracic vertebrae. These are articulation points for the ribs. They are found on either side of the vertebral body and transverse processes.
What is the origin of the Rectus captisi posterior minor muscle?
Posterior arch of Atlas
What is the insertion site of the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle
Inferior nuchal line of the occiptial
What is the action done byt he rectus capitis posterior minor muscle
Extends the head
What is the origin site of the rectus capitis anterior muscle?
Anterior base of tranverse process of Atlas
What is the insertion site of the rectus capitis anterior muscle/?
Occipital, anterior to the foramen magnum
What is the action done by the rectus capitis anterior muscle?
Flexes the head
What is the origin site of the rectus capitis posterior major muscle?
Spinous process of Axis
What is the insertion site of the rectus capitis posterior major muscle?
Inferior nuchal line of the Occipital
What is the action done by the rectus capitis posterior major muscle?
Extends and rotates the head
What is the origin site of Levator Scapulae muscle?
Posterior tubcles of the transverse processes of C1-C4
What is the insertion site of the Levator Scapulae muscle?
What is the superior region of the medial border of the scapula (at the above the spine)
What is the action done by the Levator Scapulae muscle?
Elevates medial border of scapula and aids in depressing the glenoid
What is the orgin site of the Multifidus muscle?
Cervical branch: Articular process of C4-C7.
Thoracic branch: Transverse processes (thoracic vertebrae).
Lumbar branch: Superior articular facet.
Sacral branch: Along the posterior/dorsal wall of the sacrum.
What is the insertion site of the Multifidus muscle?
Spinous processes of vertebrae (except C1), 2-4 bones superior to its origin.
What is the action done by the Multifidus muscle?
Extends and rotates the vertebral column
What is the Nuchal ligament conncted to and from?
From External occipital protuberance to spinous process of C7
