Femur Flashcards
What is the head of the Femur?
Rounded proximal part of the bone that fits into the acetabulum
What is the Fovea capitis?
Small depression found in the centre of the head of the femur
What does the Teres ligament origin from and attach to?
From fovea capitis to Acetabular notch
What is the Neck?
Connects the head of the femur with the shaft fo the femur
What is the Greater trochanter?
Large prominence on the lateral part of the femur?
Attachment site for: Gluteus minimus muscle (anterior), Piriformis muscle (superior) and Gluteus medius (posterior/lateral)
Popliteal muscle notes is needed
What is the origin site of the Gluteus minimus muscle?
Posterior surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
What is the insertion site of the Gluetus minimus muscle?
Anterior surface of the greater trochanter (femur)
What is the origin site of the piriformis muscle?
Anterior surface of the sacrum and the posterior inferior iliac spine of the innominate.
What is the insertion site of the piriformis muscle?
Greater trochanter of the femur (superior)
What is the origin site of the Gluetus medius muscle?
Posterior surface of the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines, inferior to the iliac crest
What is the origin site of the Gluteus medius muscle?
Posterior surface of the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines, inferior to the iliac crest.
What is the insertion site in the Gluetus medius muscle
Lateral/posterior surface of the greater trochanter (femur).
What is the lesser trochanter in the femur?
Prominence found on the posterior/proximal part of the femur, inferior to the greater trochanter.
Attachment site for the Iliacus muscle
What is the origin site of the iliacus muscle?
Iliac fossa (innominate) and alae of the sacrum.
What is the insertion site of the Iliacus muscle?
Along with the tendon of psoas major muscle into the lesser trochanter of the femur
What is the Intertrochanteric line?
Variable, roughened line that passes between the greater trochanter and lesser trochanter on the anterior surface, forming the base of the neck of the femur
What is the trochanteric fossa?
Depression found on the posterior/medial wall of the greater trochanter.
What is the intertrochanteric crest?
Raised ridge of bone that passes between the greater trochanter and lesser trochanter on the posterior surface.
Attachment site for: Quadratus femoris muscle.
What is the origin site of the quadratus femoris muscle?
Lateral border of the ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion site of the quadratus femoris muscle?
Crest below the greater trochanter (intertrochanteric crest) (femur).
What is the Gluteal tuberosity?
The long, wide, roughened line that is found on the posterior/lateral surface of the femur.
It extends from the base of the greater trochanter to the lateral lip of the linea aspera.
Attachment site for: Gluteus maximus muscle.
What is the origin site for the Gluteus maximus muscle?
Posterior superior iliac spine (innominate), posterior wall of the sacrum and posterior surface of the coccyx.
What is the insertion site for the Gluteus maximus muscle?
Iliotibial tract of fascia lata, and gluteal tuberosity/line of the femur
What is the Spiral line?
Line that spirals inferiorly from the lesser trochanter, and connects to the inferior end of the intertrochanteric line (found on the anterior surface), with the medial lip of the linea aspera
Attachment site for: Vastus medialis muscle.
What is the origin site of the Vastus medialis muscle?
Spiral line (femur) and the medial lip of the linea aspera
What is the insertion site of the Vastus medialis muscle?
Quadriceps tendon into the patella, then by patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
What is the pectineal line?
Short, curved line that passes inferiorly/laterally from the base of the lesser trochanter, between the gluteal line and spiral line.
Attachment site for: Pectineus muscle.
What is the origin site of the Pectineus muscle?
Superior pubic ramus
What is the insertion site of the pectineus muscle
From the base of the lesser trochanter to the linea aspera of the femur (along the pectineal line)
What is the shaft?
Section between the expanded proximal and distal ends of the bone.
Attachment site for: Vastus intermedius muscle.
What is the origin site of the Vastus intermedius muscle?
Anterior and lateral surface of the upper 2/3s of the femoral shaft
What is the insertion site of the Vastus intermedius muscle?
Quadriceps tendon into the patella, then by patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
What is the Linea aspera?
Long, wide, elevated ridge that runs along the posterior surface of the shaft.
How many muscles attach here? 4
What is the Medial epicondyle?
Convex surface found on the medial side of the medial condyle.
Attachment site for: Medial collateral ligament
What is the medial collateral liagment attached to and from?
From medial epicondyle o fthe femur to the medial condyle of the tibia
What is the lateral epicondyle in the femur?
Convex surface found on the lateral side of the lateral condyle.
Attachment site for: Lateral collateral ligament.
What is the lateral collateral ligament connected to and from?
From the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula
What is the medial supracondylar line?
Inferior, medial extension fo the linea aspera
What is the lateral supracondylar line?
Inferior, lateral extension, of the linea aspera
Attachment site for: Plantaris muscle and Short head of the biceps femoris muscle
What is the origin site of the biceps femoris muscle?
Long head - ischial tuberosity (medial region).
Short head – linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge/line of the femur
What is the insertion site of the short head of biceps femoris muscle?
Lateral side of the head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
What is the medial condyle?
Large articular knob found on the medial side of the distal portion of the femur
What is the Lateral condyle?
large articular knob found on the lateral side of the distal portion of the femur
What is the Popliteal surface?
Wide, flat, triangular area found on the posterior distal surface of the femur, inferior to and in between the lateral and medial supracondylar lines
What is the Popliteal groove?
Small hollow found on the posterior/lateral side of the lateral condyle.
What is the origin site of the Popliteus muscle?
Lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur (popliteal groove)
What is the insertion site of the Popliteus muscle?
Posterior, proximal shaft of the tibia (superior to the soleal/popliteal line)
What is the Patellar surface ?
Notched articular area on the anterior surface of the distal portion of the femur
What is the Intercondylar fossa?
Notched articular area on the anterior surface of the distal portion of the femur
Attachment site for: Anterior cruciate ligament (medial surface of the lateral condyle) and Posterior cruciate ligament (lateral surface of the medial condyle).
What is the Anterior cruciate ligament connected to and from?
From the lateral condyle of the femur to the Anteior intercondylar area of the tibia
What is the Posterior cruciate ligament connected to and from?
From the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur
