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neuroscience > ventricles,meninges, CNS blood supply > Flashcards

ventricles,meninges, CNS blood supply Flashcards

1
Q

cerebral aquaduct is in the

A

midbrain

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2
Q

rhombencephalon becomes the

A

cerebellum, pons, and myelencephalon/medulla

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3
Q

Horns of the lateral ventricle

A

frontal/anterior, occipital/posterior, temporal/inferior

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4
Q

glomus is in the ___ of the lateral ventricle. It makes ____. A pathology is ___

A

atrium/trigone; CSF (its choroid plexus that can become calcified)

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5
Q

the 3 foramen are on what part of the 4th ventricle?

A

two on the lateral sides, on on the dorsal side midline

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6
Q

body is between what two horns?

A

anterior/frontal and posterior/occipital

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7
Q

The third ventricle is in an area that has….

A

like 20 different nuclei that you can’t see. good luck with that.

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8
Q

what is “the egg”

A

thalamus

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9
Q

below “the egg” is the?

A

hypothalamus

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10
Q

foramen of Monro is btn?

A

lateral ventricle and third ventricle

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11
Q

choiroid plexus is made of? it makes?

A

ependymal cells that line the neural tube. they capture choroidal arteries (blood vessels) and make CSF

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12
Q

choroid epithelial cells

A

have tight junctions and provide a blood/csf barrier. these cells are different from the ependymal cells

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13
Q

caudate nucleus location

A

its big and is lateral to the lateral ventricle, the tail is next to the hippocampal formation and a choroid plexus

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14
Q

little dude can swim around the ____ in the third ventricle

A

masa intermedia

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15
Q

where do choroidal arteries come from

A

lotsa places. most directly, the anterior and posterior choroidal arteries. these come off of the anterior and posterior blood supply to the brain

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16
Q

eventually, what blood vessels should you know

A

if he names a choroidal plexus, name the arteries that it gets blood from. yaaaaaay.

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17
Q

CN3 sits between what vessels

A

Post Cerebral a. and the superior cerebellar a.

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18
Q

lamina terminalis

A

original closure of anterior neural tube

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19
Q

hypothalamus, think__

A

ANS

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20
Q

CN12 between

A

the olives and the pyramids

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21
Q

obex

A

the area where the medulla closes

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22
Q

ependymoma

A

usually in posterior fossa; tumor of ependymal cells

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23
Q

layers of BBB from blood vessel to brain

A

i need to type faster, and you need to look it up

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24
Q

obstructive hydrocephalus

A

CSF flow is blocked

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25
Q

communicating hydrocephalus

A

CSF isn’t absorbed in the arachnoid granulations, but its still being made

26
Q

normal-pressure hydrocephalus

A

incontinance, dimentia, gait problems THIS IS A BOARD QUESTION!!!!!

27
Q

ex vacuo

A

excess csf where brain tissue has atrophied (like after a stroke)

28
Q

don’t forget about what neural tube defect

A

spina bifida and “tufts of back hair”

29
Q

meninges are from

A

neural crest and mesenchymyal tissue

30
Q

initial two layers of meninges

A

ectomeninex that becomes dura; endomeninex becomes the pia that splits into pia and arachnoid

31
Q

leptomeninges

A

a term for pia and arachnoid

32
Q

subdural hematoma

A

bleeds in the subdural space; from BRIDGING veins

33
Q

tentorial notch

A

MIDBRAIN! CN3 can bet pinched in the interpeduncular fossa; they can’t constrict pupil

34
Q

cistern definition and importance

A

enlargements of the SAS where the dura and the arachnoid don’t exactly follow the curveatures of the brain; if you have an aneurism, then you will see a bright white blood spot on a CT. its important to know these, so you can locate a bleed

35
Q

cisterna magna locale

A

near the foramen magnum on posterior aspect of brain

36
Q

prepontine cistern locale

A

in front of pons

37
Q

interpeduncular cistern locale

A

in front of peduncles

38
Q

ambient cistern locale

A

surrounding the midbrain

39
Q

meningioma locale

A

anywhere you have meninges. these are usually more benign, but they give you a “mass effect”

40
Q

epidural hematoma shape, cause

A

lens shaped because they are confined between sutures; give a “mass effect”

41
Q

subdural hematomas shape

A

long and narrow

42
Q

subarachnoid hemmorrhage

A

you get blood in the cisterns that looks like bright white blood outlining the borders of the brain

43
Q

papilledema

A

from high intercranial pressure; it pushes back of the eye and makes the optic disk bulge

44
Q

central herniation

A

pressure that pushes base of cerebral strxs down

45
Q

uncal herniation

A

uncus goes down between the tentorium; get problems with CN3 getting pinched

46
Q

tonsillar herniation

A

pressure that makes the cerebellum into the foramen magnum; the medulla is in there and it controls your really important things like breathing and heart function

47
Q

“blown” pupil

A

IPSILATERAL unresponsive pupil because there is a problem with CN3; usually you worry about

48
Q

alternating hemiplegia from what nerves?

A

CN3, CN6, CN12 STEREOTYPE STATEWIDE QUESTION

49
Q

two blood supplies to the brain

A

internal carotid a, vertebral a

50
Q

above C1 what happens to the vertebral artery

A

it passes across the top of C1 and joins together at the ponto-medullary border to become the basilar artery.

51
Q

nerve @ pontomedullary junction

A

abducens

52
Q

PICA

A

posterior inf. cerebellar artery that comes off the vertebral arteries before the pontomedullary junction. it supplies blood to the cerebellum

53
Q

AICA

A

at the pontomedullary junction that runs posteriorly

54
Q

CN3 between what two arteries

A

PCA and SCA

55
Q

aneurysms usually occur

A

at branch points of the anterior circulation

56
Q

what do you HAVE to know

A

the areas and symptoms that occur if there is a vascular event affecting the brain.

57
Q

what other things do you need to know

A

things like: the medulla has CNs VI to XII; where every single decussation is. oh goody.

58
Q

lenticulostriate branches to

A

internal capsule, thalamus, putamen, claustrum, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus

59
Q

what does hemianopia mean

A

half of the visual field is lost

60
Q

watershed zones

A

areas of the brain between two territories of vessels; if you get a lesion, this area will not get perfused. There isn’t really any collateral circulation in the brain.

61
Q

area postrema

A

if you get something in the vasculature that the brain thinks is bad, this area triggers vomiting.

neuroscience (23 decks)

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