ventilation Flashcards
exchange I is
atmosphere to lung (ventilation)
exchange II; alveolar gas exchange
lung to blood
transport of what occurs after exchange II
gases in the blood (pulmonary and systemic circulation)
exchange III: cellular respiration
blood to cells
external respiration: alveolar gas exchange cells
type I cells
surfactant production; reduce surface tension of hydrogen bonds
type II cells
alveolar macrophages that have immune function
type III cells
why do the vessels bronchodilate when there is high CO2 partial pressure in alveoli
to get CO2 out
what happens when the diaphragm contracts (V and P)
volume up, pressure down
elastic recoil opposes what
compliance (change in V/ change in P)
pressure holding lungs open
transpulmonary pressure
external respiration of O2 is from where to where
alveoli to RBC
inernal respiration of O2 is from where to where
RBC to systemic tissues
internal respiration for CO2 and H+ goes from where to where
systemic tissues to plasma
external respiration for CO2 and H+ goes from where to where
RBC and plasma to alveoli
the peripheral chemoreceptors in ventilation do what
monitor PCO2, PO2 and H
the central chemoreceptors: medulla oblongata respond to
H+ in CSF
the stimulation of the central: medulla oblongata sets what
respiratory rhythm and depth of ventilation
from the medulla VRG the pre-botzinger cells are ____ neurons and act like
inspiratory; pacemaker cells
from the medulla VRG the botzinger cells are _____ neurons
expiratory
what part of the medulla VRG is required for deep breath in
caudal
the medulla DRG functions to
alter VRG based off peripheral chemoreceptors
the medulla RTN functions to
alter action of VRG based off central chemoreceptors
the APC of the pons is active when
in transition to inspiration but always firing somewhat
The PTC of the pons are active when
in transition to expiration but always firing somewhat
in chronic hypercapnia what happens to PCO2
set point gets raised; low PO2 becomes the way to tell if CO2 is bad
