Vasculitis

Question 1

What is vasculitis?

Answer 1

inflammation of blood vessels which can result in wall thickening, stenosis and ischaemia

Question 2

what are the two types of large vessel vasculitis?

Answer 2

Giant Cell Arteritis

Takayasu Arteritis

Question 3

what subgroups can small vessel vasculitis be divided into?

Answer 3

ANCA +ve and ANCA -ve (immune complex) vasculitis

Question 4

Give 3 types of ANCA+ve small vessel vasculitis?

Answer 4

GPA (Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis)
EGPA (Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis)
MPA (Microscopic Polyangiitis)

Question 5

Give an example of ANCA-ve small vessel vasculitis?

Answer 5

Henoch Schonlein Purpura

Question 6

What is another name for GPA?

Answer 6

Wegner’s

Question 7

What is GPA?

Answer 7

granulomatous inflammation involving the respiratory tract

Question 8

What is associated with cANCA and proteinase-3?

Answer 8

GPA

Question 9

What is associated with pANCA?

Answer 9

EGPA

MPA

Question 10

what are some signs/symptoms of GPA?

Answer 10

presence of cANCA/ANCA/proteinase-3
epistaxis 
nasal crusting 
casal cartilage collapse 
haemoptysis 
cavitating lesions in the lungs on X-Ray

Question 11

What is another name for EGPA?

Answer 11

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

Question 12

What is EGPA associated with?

Answer 12

Asthma

pANCA

Question 13

What condition can MPA cause?

Answer 13

Glomerulonephritis

Question 14

what is the general management of ANCA+ve small vessel vasculitis?

Answer 14

IV steroids + cyclophosphamide

Question 15

What is Takayasu Arteritis?

Answer 15

vasculitis of the aorta and its main branches

Question 16

Who is usually affected by Takayasu Arteritis?

Answer 16

women of childbearing age

Question 17

How does GCA usually present?

Answer 17

Unilateral headache
Jaw claudication
Scalp tenderness

Question 18

What is a potential complication of GCA?

Answer 18

loss of vision due to disruption to the blood supply to the optic nerve

Question 19

What would blood tests show in large vessel vasculitis?

Answer 19

raised ESR, plasma viscosity and CRP

Question 20

What is the gold standard investigation for GCA?

Answer 20

temporal artery biopsy

Question 21

Management of large vessel vasculitis?

Answer 21

Prednisolone 40-60mg with a reduced dose over time

Question 22

What is Henoch Scholein Purpura associated with?

Answer 22

IgA

Question 23

How does Henoch Scholein Purpura typically present

Answer 23

symptoms usually follow a URTI -> rash over buttocks and legs with vomiting and joint pain

Question 24

Management of Henoch Scholein Purpura?

Answer 24

Self-limiting