Elective Surgery for Upper & Lower Limb Flashcards
What does arthroplasty mean?
Reshaping a joint
What is a hemiarthroplasty?
Partial joint replacement
Why will joint replacements eventually fail at some point?
the parts loosen over time due to inflammatory responses or breakage of the joint replacement components
What can metal particles cause the formation of?
Pseudotumours - cause muscle and bone necrosis
What can polyethene particles cause the formation of?
Osteolysis (bone resorption) which causes parts loosening quicker
Why do all joint replacements eventually fail?
Because the components either loosen or break over time
Why is revision joint replacement surgery not ideal?
More difficult procedure, complication rates are higher and usually the patient is less satisfied than the first time
What is excision/resection arthroplasty?
removal of bone and cartilage on one/both sides of a joint - effective for smaller joints or after failure of a hip or shoulder replacement
What is arthrodesis?
Fusion of a joint in a position of function - remaining hyaline cartilage of the joint is removed so that the 2 bones fuse in the desired position
In which condition is arthrodesis gold standard treatment and which other situations could it be an option in?
Gold standard in hallux ridgidus (OA of 1st MTP)
Also good for end stage ankle & wrist arthritis
What is osteotomy?
Surgical realignment of a bone by cutting the bone
How can osteotomy help in osteoarthritis?
Offload the weight from the diseased part of bone onto the normal part - used in early OA of the knee and hip
What injections can be given in cerebral palsy to help with joint contractures?
Baclofen
Botox
What is the biggest indication for a joint replacement?
Unbearable pain
