Pelvis and lower limb trauma

Question 1

Which bones form the pelvic ring?

Answer 1

Sacrum
Ilium
Ischium
Pubic bones

Question 2

What will always happen if the pelvic ring is broken in one place?

Answer 2

It will break in another place - like a polo mint, has to have at least 2 fractures

Question 3

What are the 3 main patterns of injury to the pelvis?

Answer 3

Lateral compression fracture
Vertical shear fracture
Anteroposterior compression injury

Question 4

What is a lateral compression fracture of the pelvis?

Answer 4

Impact from the side (e.g. RTA) which displaces the hemipelvis medially

Question 5

What is a vertical shear fracture of the pelvis?

Answer 5

Fall from height displacing one hemipelvis superiorly - affected leg will appear shortened

Question 6

What is an anteroposterior compression injury to the pelvis?

Answer 6

“open book” pelvic fracture - pubic symphysis opens up the pelvis at the front

Question 7

What are 2 serious pelvic fracture complications?

Answer 7

Blood loss (leads to hypovolaemia and shock)
Nerve injury

Question 8

What is a posterior acetabular fracture usually due to?

Answer 8

Posterior hip dislocation

Question 9

What is a common metatarsal fracture?

Answer 9

Fracture of the base of the 5th metatarsal

Question 10

Where in the foot is the most common site for a stress fracture?

Answer 10

2nd metatarsal - cast to treat