Pelvis and lower limb trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones form the pelvic ring?

A

Sacrum
Ilium
Ischium
Pubic bones

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2
Q

What will always happen if the pelvic ring is broken in one place?

A

It will break in another place - like a polo mint, has to have at least 2 fractures

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3
Q

What are the 3 main patterns of injury to the pelvis?

A

Lateral compression fracture
Vertical shear fracture
Anteroposterior compression injury

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4
Q

What is a lateral compression fracture of the pelvis?

A

Impact from the side (e.g. RTA) which displaces the hemipelvis medially

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5
Q

What is a vertical shear fracture of the pelvis?

A

Fall from height displacing one hemipelvis superiorly - affected leg will appear shortened

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6
Q

What is an anteroposterior compression injury to the pelvis?

A

“open book” pelvic fracture - pubic symphysis opens up the pelvis at the front

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7
Q

What are 2 serious pelvic fracture complications?

A
Blood loss (leads to hypovolaemia and shock)
Nerve injury
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8
Q

What is a posterior acetabular fracture usually due to?

A

Posterior hip dislocation

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9
Q

What is a common metatarsal fracture?

A

Fracture of the base of the 5th metatarsal

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10
Q

Where in the foot is the most common site for a stress fracture?

A

2nd metatarsal - cast to treat

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