Pelvis and lower limb trauma Flashcards
Which bones form the pelvic ring?
Sacrum
Ilium
Ischium
Pubic bones
What will always happen if the pelvic ring is broken in one place?
It will break in another place - like a polo mint, has to have at least 2 fractures
What are the 3 main patterns of injury to the pelvis?
Lateral compression fracture
Vertical shear fracture
Anteroposterior compression injury
What is a lateral compression fracture of the pelvis?
Impact from the side (e.g. RTA) which displaces the hemipelvis medially
What is a vertical shear fracture of the pelvis?
Fall from height displacing one hemipelvis superiorly - affected leg will appear shortened
What is an anteroposterior compression injury to the pelvis?
“open book” pelvic fracture - pubic symphysis opens up the pelvis at the front
What are 2 serious pelvic fracture complications?
Blood loss (leads to hypovolaemia and shock) Nerve injury
What is a posterior acetabular fracture usually due to?
Posterior hip dislocation
What is a common metatarsal fracture?
Fracture of the base of the 5th metatarsal
Where in the foot is the most common site for a stress fracture?
2nd metatarsal - cast to treat