Vasculitis Flashcards
Vasculitis can lead to what?
Necrosis of vessel wall with perforation and hemorrhage into adjacent tissues. Occlusion of vessel can lead to distal ischemia and infarction of tissue
What organisms can cause infectious vasculitis?
Rickettsia, Syphilis, Aspergillus
What can cause noninfectious vasculitis?
Autoimmune response to known pathogen such as Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and Hep C infection
Types of large vessel vasculitis (2)?
Takayasu
Giant Cell Arteritis
Who does Takayasu present in?
Younger patients with clarification of extremities
Telltale sign of Takayasu?
BP diff between extremities, bruit over subclavian artery/aorta
Treatment of Takayasu?
High dose corticosteroids
Giant cell arteritis presents in who?
Older patients > 50 with headache, visual loss, jaw claudication
Major worry from Giant cell arteritis?
Blindness
Gold standard of diagnosis for GCA?
Temporal artery biopsy
Elevated ESR
Treatment for GCA?
High dose corticosteroid
GCA associated with what other disease?
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
What is Polymyalgia Rheumatica?
Sudden onset of pain and stiffness in shoulders and hips in people > 50 with high ESR
Types of Medium Vessel Vasculitis? 2
Polyarteritis Nodosum
Kawasaki Disease
Polyarteritis Nodosum (PAN) most commonly involved organ?
Kidney with Elevated BUN/Creatinine and Elevated BP
Treatment for PAN?
High dose corticosteroids, Cyclophophamide, plasmapheresis
Who does Kawasaki disease occur in?
Childhood disease, but can occur in adults
What can Kawasaski disease lead to?
Coronary artery aneurysms, depressed myocardial contractility, heart failure, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and peripheral arterial occlusion.
Treatment for Kawasaki?
IVIG within first 10 days
Aspirin
What Small vessel vasculitis are there? (3)
Microscopic polyangiitis
Granulomatosis with polyangitis
Eosinophillic granulomatosis with polyangitis
What does ANCA stand for?
Antibodies against Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antigens
What does Microscopic polyangiitis affect?
Lungs and Kidneys
Lab work for Microscopic polyangiitis shows up as?
ANCA positive
Renal biopsy shows not granulomatous inflammation
In Granulomatosis with polyangititis patients present with?
Upper and lower airway problems
Abnormal CXR
Microscopic hematuria
GWPA labs show up as?
Asthma ad lung disease ANCA +
Granulomatus inflammation
What does Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis present as?
Asthma and lung disease Upper airway and ear disease Tender subcutaneous nodules Heart failure Thromboembolic disease Mononeuritis multiplex
Labs for EGWP?
40-60% ANCA
5000-9000 Eosinophil
Nondestruction infiltration of vessel walls by eosinophils
Treatment for EGWP?
Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants
Types of immune complex small vessel vasculitis?
Antiglomerular Basement Membrane Disease
Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis
IgA associated Vasculitis
Hypocomplementemic Urticarial vasculitis
What does ABMD cause?
Glomerulonephritis
Pulmonary hemorrhage
Death in untreated
Diagnosis for ABMD?
Kidney biopsy
Anti GBM antibodies
Positive ANCA
Treatment for ABMD?
Plasmapheresis combined with prednisone and cyclophosphamide
