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ICM Infectious Disease > Vasculitides (STEP 1 Book) > Flashcards

Vasculitides (STEP 1 Book) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the large vessel vasculitis (2)?

A

Temporal (giant cell) arteritis

Takayasu arteritis

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2
Q

Temporal arteritis presents as?

A

Unilateral headache, jaw claudication
Irreversible blindness due to ophthalmic artery occlusion
Polymyalgia rheumatica association

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3
Q

Temporal arteritis most commonly goes after which artery?

A

Carotid artery

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4
Q

What type of inflammation involved in Temporal arteritis?

A

Focal granulomatous inflammation with increase in ESR

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5
Q

How do you treat Temporal Arteritis?

A

High dose corticosteroids prior to artery biospy

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6
Q

Takayasu arteritis characterized by?

A

“Pulseless disease” (Weak upper extremity pulses)
Ocular disturbances
Fever
Skin nodules

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7
Q

Lab findings of Takayasu arteritis?

A

Granulomatous thickening and narrowing of aortic arch and proximal great vessels
Increased ESR

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8
Q

How do you treat Takayasu?

A

Corticosteroids

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9
Q

What are the medium vessel vasculitis (3)?

A 
Polyarteritis nodosa
Kawasaski disease
Berger disease (Thromboangiitis obliterates)
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10
Q

Who does Polyarteritis nodosa occur in?

A

Young adults

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11
Q

What does Hepatitis B have to do with Polyarteritis Nododa?

A

30% of patients have Hep b seropositivity

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12
Q

What vessels does Polyarteritis nodosa affect?

A

Renal and visceral vessels, no pulmonary arteries

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13
Q

What causes the vasculitis in Polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Immune complex mediated

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14
Q

What type of necrosis in Polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Fibrinoid necrosis of arterial wall

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15
Q

What affect does Polarteritis nodosa have on the kidney?

A

Innumerable renal micro aneurysms and spasms

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16
Q

How do you treat Polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Corticosteroids

Cyclophosphamide

17
Q

Who does Kawasaki disease occur in?

A

Asian children less than 4 years old

18
Q

CRASH and Burn mnemonic for Kawasaki?

A 
Conjunctival injection
Rash
Adenopathy
Strawberry Tongue
Hand foot changes
Burn = fever
19
Q

Cause of death for Kawasaki cases?

A

Coronary artery aneurysms thrombosis or rupture

20
Q

How do you treat Kawasaski

A

IV immunoglobulin

Aspirin

21
Q

Who is Buerger disease in?

A

Heavy smokers less than 40

22
Q

Danger of Buerger disease?

A

Intermittent claudication leads to gangrene
Autoamputation of digits
Superficial nodular phlebitis
Raynauds

23
Q

How do you treat Buerger disease?

A

Have them stop smoking

24
Q

What are the small vessel vasculitis (4)?

A

Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener)
Microscopic polyangitis
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis (Churg-Strauss)
Henoch-Schonlein purpura

25
Q

What is Wegener vasculitis triad?

A

Focal necrotizing vasculitis
Necrotizing granulomas in lung/upper airway
Necrotizing glomerulonephritis

26
Q

Wegener’s associated with what antibody?

A

Anti-proteinase 3

c-ANCA

27
Q

Treatment for Wegener’s?

A

Cyclophosphamide

Corticosteroids

28
Q

What is Microscopic Polyangitis?

A

Necrotizing vasculitis commonly involving lungs, kidneys, and skin with glomerulonephritis and palpable purpura

29
Q

Microscopic is similar to Wegener’s minus what feature?

A

Nasopharyngeal involvement, Microscopic has none

No granulomas

30
Q

Antibod associated with Microscopic polyangitis?

A

Anti-myeloperoxidase

p-ANCA

31
Q

How do you treat Microscopic polyangitis?

A

Cyclophosphamide

Corticosteroids

32
Q

What does Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis cause?

A

Asthma, sinusitis, skin nodules, peripheral neuropathy

Heart, GI, kidneys (glomerulonephritis)

33
Q

How does Eosinophillic granulomatosis present?

A

Granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis with eosinophilia

34
Q

What antibody does Eosinophilic granulomatosis associate with?

A

p-ANCA

Increase in IgE

35
Q

Henoch Schonlein is what?

A

Most common childhood systemic vasculitis that follows URI

36
Q

Classic triad of Henoch Schonlein?

A

Palpable purpura on ass/legs
Arthralgia
GI abdominal pain

37
Q

What causes Henoch Schonlein?

A

Vasculitis secondary to IgA immune complex deposition

38
Q

What other disease does Henoch schonlein associate with?

A

Berger disease (IgA neuropathy)

39
Q

Easy way to remember treatments for vasculitis?

A

Only one that isn’t corticosteroids is Kawasaki which is immunoglobulin and aspirin

ICM Infectious Disease (19 decks)

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