HIV

Question 1

What were the “4 H’s”?

Answer 1

Heroin, Homosexual, Haitains, and Hemophilliac

Question 2

How is HIV screen for now?

Answer 2

HIV RNA (plasma)

Question 3

How long until 3rd generation antibody tests can detect HIV?

Answer 3

10 days

Question 4

Most commonly reported symptom of HIV?

Answer 4

Fever and fatigue

Question 5

Can a low CD4 cell count be diagnostic of HIV?

Answer 5

No, have to use HIV antibody testing

Question 6

What happens if the ELISA test is positive?

Answer 6

You do it again.

Question 7

What happens if 2nd ELISA test is positive?

Answer 7

You run a Western Blot test

Question 8

What is the main marker for HIV disease progression?

Answer 8

CD4

Question 9

Normal range of CD4?

Answer 9

350 to 1100/mm3

Question 10

How can we measure viral RNA in plasma?

Answer 10

PCR or branched DNA techniques

Question 11

How will HIV present at CD4 count >500/mm3?

Answer 11

Asymptomatic

Question 12

How will HIV present at CD4 count 500-200?

Answer 12

Asymptomatic, generalized adenopathy, thrush, and Kapok’s sarcoma

Question 13

CD4

Answer 13

PCP, toxoplasmosis, and cryptococcus

Question 14

CD4

Answer 14

CMV and mycobacterium increased risk

Question 15

When do you start HIV treatment?

Answer 15

CD4 cell count

Question 16

What is Lipodystrophy syndrome?

Answer 16

Body morphology changes and metabolic complications

Question 17

Where is AIDs the worst?

Answer 17

Sub-Sahara Africa

Question 18

How did HIV spread?

Answer 18

Africa to Haiti and then Haiti to U.S

Question 19

Easiest way to get HIV?

Answer 19

Blood transfusion (90%)

Question 20

Hardest way to get HIV?

Answer 20

Insertive oral intercourse (0.005%)

Question 21

How often should you screen people at high risk for HIV?

Answer 21

Once a year

Question 22

What are two HIV opportunistic associated diseases?

Answer 22

Pneumocystis pneumonia

Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 23

An abrupt onset of 10 signs and symptoms in 24 hours would be indicative of what?

Answer 23

Primary HIV infection

Question 24

What is the highly sensitive screen test used for HIV antibody testing?

Answer 24

ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)

Question 25

What happens if the ELISA comes up as negative?

Answer 25

HIV antibodies reported as negative

Question 26

What happens if the ELISA comes up as positive?

Answer 26

You repeat it a second time

Question 27

What happens if the second ELISA test is positive?

Answer 27

You do a western blot test

Question 28

What constitutes a positive WB test?

Answer 28

2 of the 3 specific bands show up

Question 29

How do you measure viral RNA in plasma?

Answer 29

PCR or branched DNA techniques

Question 30

What type of vaccines do you want to avoid giving an HIV patient?

Answer 30

Live

Question 31

Which pathogen has the highest risk of seroconversion after percutaneous exposure?

Answer 31

Hep B (30%)

Question 32

Was Zidovudine protective against HIV?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

Was is the correlation between HIV viral load and % to transmit to newborn?

Answer 33

The higher the HIV viral load the higher the likelihood to transmission

Question 34

LDH value in Pneumocystis Pneumonia patients?

Answer 34

Elevated

Question 35

How do you treat Pneumocystis Pneumonia?

Answer 35

Corticosteroids or antimicrobials

Question 36

CD4 count less than 50 leads to what?

Answer 36

CMV and mycobacterium avid complex
Increased risk of lymphoma
Highest mortality