Vascular Foundations 1

Question 1

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 1

blood travel to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 2

Systemic Circulation

Answer 2

Blood travel from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 3

Pressure Reservoir

Answer 3

arteries maintain blood flow during relaxation by squeezing

Question 4

Volume Reservoir

Answer 4

Veins are elastic and expandable

Question 5

Blood Distribution during exercise

Answer 5

distribution decreases to many organs during exercise so that more blood is accessible to the skeletal muscles

cardiac output increases roughly 5 times during exercise

Question 6

Vasodilation affect on resistence and pressure

Answer 6

1. decreased resistance
2. decreased pressure

Question 7

Vasoconstriction affect on resistence and pressure

Answer 7

1. increased resistance
2. increased pressure

Question 8

Pressure Changes during blood flow

Answer 8

pressure decreases the furthur from the heart it travels due to
1. friction within the blood
2. friction between blood and vessel walls

Question 9

Fluid Flow Rule

Answer 9

Fluid Flow is proportional to the pressure gradient
Fluid Flow is inversely proportional to resistence

Question 10

Average Mean Aortic Pressure

Answer 10

93 mm Hg

Question 11

Vein Valves function

Answer 11

prevent backward flow of blood

Question 12

Skeletal Muscle Pump

Answer 12

squeezes (vasoconstricts) veins, pushing blood towards the heart

Question 13

Blood Velocity in different vessels

Answer 13

determined by the total cross sectional area

• aorta/vena cava = largest velocity
• capillaries = lowest velocity

Question 14

Precapillary Sphincters

Answer 14

found in capillary beds, they open and close in response to metabolic conditions

Question 15

Metarterioles Function

Answer 15

divert blood flow to open sphincters, they are bypass channels

Question 16

Lymphatic System

Answer 16

3L/day of blood is filtered out of capillaries, which travels through the lymphatic vessels and returned to venous circulation