Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

How is Homeostasis maintained?

Answer 1

balance between ANS, Endocrine system and behavioral systems

Question 2

What are the three Homeostatic Control Centers?

Answer 2

1. Hypothalamus
2. Pons
3. Medulla

Question 3

What is the Parasympathetic NS?

Answer 3

Rest and Digest (PNS Dominates)

Question 4

What is the Sympathetic NS?

Answer 4

Fight/Flight (SNS Dominates)

Question 5

ANS’s Antagonistic Control

Answer 5

Both PNS and SNS can act as agonist’s or antagonists but they always oppose one another, like a dance

Question 6

SNS origin in the CNS

Answer 6

thoracic and lumbar spine

Question 7

SNS Ganglion Location

Answer 7

within the spinal cord

Question 8

SNS Neuron Pathways

Answer 8

1st = short
2nd = long

Question 9

PSNS Origin in CNS

Answer 9

brainstem and sacral spine

Question 10

PSNS Ganglion Location

Answer 10

close to target organ

Question 11

PSNS Neuron Pathways

Answer 11

1st = long
2nd = short

Question 12

SNS Neurotransmitters

Answer 12

1. Acetylcholine
2. Norepinephrine

Question 13

SNS Receptor

Answer 13

1. Adrenergic receptor

Question 14

PSNS Neurotransmitters

Answer 14

1. Acetylcholine twice

Question 15

PSNS Receptors

Answer 15

1. Muscarinic Receptors

Question 16

Synapses at Target Cells

Answer 16

Called Neuroeffector Junctions
1. Autonomic Varicosities release nt’s over the surface of target cells
2. branch out and innervate a large area of tissue

Question 17

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 17

1. Specalized part of the SNS
2. two parts, cortex and medulla

Question 18

Adrenal Cortex

Answer 18

1. true endocrine gland that secretes hormones

Question 19

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 19

1. modified sympathetic ganglion made up of chromaffin cells

Question 20

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Details

Answer 20

1. binds two ACh molecules
2. opens and allows K+ and Na+ to enter and leave
3. Na+ enters more rapidly and depolarizes the tissue

Question 21

SNS Target Cell Receptors

Answer 21

1. Alpha and Beta
2. All GPCR’s with a different response and different affinity for NE and E

Question 22

PSNS Target Cell Receptors

Answer 22

1. 5 different types of Muscarinic receptors
2. All are GPCR’s with different ICF response